乌兰布和沙漠固沙梭梭林生长季土壤水分动态研究

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0862

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (7): 187-196.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0862

• 生物制造资源生态 • 上一篇

乌兰布和沙漠固沙梭梭林生长季土壤水分动态研究

郝需婷¹^,²(), 黄雅茹¹^,², 马迎宾¹^,²^,³(), 张帅¹, 韩春霞¹, 庞嘉诚¹, 徐光甫¹, 郝惠忠⁴, 刘雅婧¹

^1.中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心，内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015200
^2.国家林业草原防沙治沙工程技术研究中心，内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015200
^3.内蒙古磴口荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站，内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015200
^4.内蒙古河套灌区水利发展中心乌拉特分中心长济渠供水所，内蒙古巴彦淖尔 014400

收稿日期:2022-10-12 接受日期:2022-12-08 出版日期:2023-07-15 发布日期:2023-08-25
通讯作者: 马迎宾
作者简介:郝需婷 E-mail：haoxuting123@126.com；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32001374);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2021ZY0058);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2021MA005)

Study on Soil Moisture Dynamics in Growing Season of Sand-fixing Haloxylonammodendron Forest in Ulan Buhe Desert

Xuting HAO¹^,²(), Yaru HUANG¹^,², Yingbin MA¹^,²^,³(), Shuai ZHANG¹, Chunxia HAN¹, Jiacheng PANG¹, Guangfu XU¹, Huizhong HAO⁴, Yajing LIU¹

^1.Experimental Center of Desert Forestry，Chinese Academy of Forestry，Inner Mongolia Bayannur 015200，China
^2.Combat Desertification Engineering Technology Research Center，National Forestry and Grassland Administration，Inner Mongolia Bayannur 015200，China
^3.Inner Mongolia Dengkou Desert Ecosystem National Observation Research Station，National Forestry and Grassland Administration，Inner Mongolia Bayannur 015200，China
^4.Changji Canal Water Supply Station of Wulat Sub Center of Water Resources Development Center of Hetao Irrigation District，Inner Mongolia Bayannur 014400，China

Received:2022-10-12 Accepted:2022-12-08 Online:2023-07-15 Published:2023-08-25
Contact: Yingbin MA

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤水分是干旱沙区荒漠植被生长发育的主要限制因子，为了解乌兰布和沙漠固沙梭梭林地的土壤水分动态变化特征，采用烘干法于2021年4—9月对梭梭林生长季土壤水分进行测定。结果表明，梭梭林地0—20 cm土壤含水量0.23%~2.13%，为浅层干沙层；20—80 cm土壤含水量0.36%~3.59%，为中层剧烈变化层；80—120 cm土壤含水量0.45%~1.63%，为深层稳定层。土壤含水量的月变化显示在4月处于土壤水分消耗较弱阶段；5—8月处于土壤水分消耗旺盛阶段；9月处于土壤水分缓慢恢复稳定阶段。土壤水分与土壤水势之间存在明显的对数函数关系（R²均大于0.514 2）。综上所述，梭梭林地土壤水分垂直分布分层特征明显，时间上变异程度高于空间，具有较强的时间变异性，对该区人工植被建设具有重要意义。

关键词: 土壤含水率, 时空变化, 乌兰布和沙漠, 固沙梭梭林

Abstract:

Soil moisture is the main limiting factor for the growth and development of desert vegetation in arid sandy areas. In order to understand the dynamic change characteristics of soil moisture in the sand-fixing Haloxylon ammodendron forest in Ulan Buhe Desert， the drying method was used to measure the soil moisture of Ammodendrus ammodendrus forest during the growing season from April to September in 2021. The results showed that， 0—20 cm of Haloxylonammodendron ammonium forest was shallow dry sand layer with soil moisture content 0.23%~2.13%， 20—80 cm was middle layer with severe changes with soil moisture content 0.36%~3.59%， and 80—120 cm was deep stable layer with soil moisture content 0.45%~1.63%. The month change of soil moisture content showed that the soil water consumption was weak in April， was vigorous from May to August， and was slowly restored and stabilized in September. There was an obvious logarithmic function relationship between the soil moisture content and soil water potential （R² is greater than 0.514 2）。In conclusion， the soil moisture in Saxoul woodland had obvious character of vertical distribution and stratification， and the variation degree of time was higher than that of space， which was of great significance for the construction of artificial vegetation in this area.

Key words: soil moisture content, temporal and spatial variation, Ulan Buhe Desert, sand-fixing Haloxylon ammodendron forest

中图分类号:

S152.75

郝需婷, 黄雅茹, 马迎宾, 张帅, 韩春霞, 庞嘉诚, 徐光甫, 郝惠忠, 刘雅婧. 乌兰布和沙漠固沙梭梭林生长季土壤水分动态研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(7): 187-196.

Xuting HAO, Yaru HUANG, Yingbin MA, Shuai ZHANG, Chunxia HAN, Jiacheng PANG, Guangfu XU, Huizhong HAO, Yajing LIU. Study on Soil Moisture Dynamics in Growing Season of Sand-fixing Haloxylonammodendron Forest in Ulan Buhe Desert[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(7): 187-196.

图/表 11

图1 研究区地理位置

Fig. 1 Geographic location of the study area

图2 2021年4—9月气象因素

Fig. 2 Meteorological factors from April to September 2021

图3 土壤含水率随时间的变化

Fig. 3 Variation of soil moisture content with time

表1 土壤含水率差异性对比 (%)

Table 1 Comparison of differences in soil moisture content

月份Month	1号样地Plot 1	2号样地Plot 2	裸地对照Naked control
4月April	2.15±1.06 αa	1.72±1.06 αa	1.44±0.97 αa
5月May	1.61±0.82 αa	1.06±0.40 αβab	0.88±0.23 αb
6月June	0.83±0.35 βa	0.56±0.18 βa	1.24±0.50 αa
7月July	0.68±0.12 βa	0.61±0.13 βa	0.80±0.19 αa
8月August	0.51±0.14 βa	0.43±0.12 βa	0.71±0.28 αa
9月September	0.62±0.33 βa	0.7±0.71 βa	0.82±0.41 αa

表2 土壤水分各月份基本特征 (%)

Table 2 Basic characteristics of soil moisture in each month

样点Sample	M_max	M_min	M_avg	CV
1号样地Plot 1	1.71	0.57	1.07	61.00
2号样地Plot 2	1.60	0.42	0.88	60.73
裸地对照Naked control	2.63	0.43	1.13	35.05

图 4 沙地土壤含水率随深度的变化

Fig. 4 Variation of soil moisture content in sandy land with depth

表3 土壤水分各土层基本特征 (%)

Table 3 Basic characteristics of soil moisture in each soil layer

样点Sample	M_max	M_min	M_avg	CV
1号样地Plot 1	2.22	0.45	1.07	30.92
2号样地Plot 2	1.87	0.38	0.85	33.52
裸地对照Naked control	2.86	0.55	1.16	22.94

图5 4—9月不同样地土壤含水率及降水量注：不同大写字母表示不同月份间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 5 Soil moisture content and precipitation in different locations from April to SeptemberNote： Different capital letters indicate significant differences between different months at P<0.05 level.

图6 土壤容重随深度变化

Fig. 6 Soil bulk density changes with depth

图7 不同月份土壤水势随土层深度的变化

Fig. 7 Variation of soil water potential with soil depth in different months

图8 土壤含水率与土壤水势的关系

Fig. 8 Relationship between soil moisture content and soil water potential

参考文献 32

1	黄磊,张志山,陈永乐.干旱人工固沙植被区土壤水分动态随机模拟[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(2):568-573.
	HUANG L, ZHANG Z S, CHEN Y L, et al.. Probabilistic modelling of fail moisture dynamics in a revegetated desert area [J]. J. Dersert Res., 2013, 33(2):568-573.
2	MCCOLL K A, ALEMOHAMMAD S H, AKBAR R, et al.. The global distribution and dynamics of surface soil moisture [J]. Nat. Geosci., 2017, 10(2):100-104.
3	YANG L, WEI W, CHEN L D, et al.. Response of temporal variation of soil moisture to vegetation in semi-arid Loess Plateau, China [J]. Catena, 2014, 115(1):123-133.
4	莫保儒,蔡国军,杨磊,等.半干旱黄土区成熟柠条林地土壤水分利用及平衡特征[J].生态学报,2013,33(13):4011-4020.
	MO B R, CAI G J, YANG L, et al.. Soil water use and balance characteristics in mature forest land profile of Caragana korshinskii in Semiarid Loess Area [J]. Acta Ecol. Sin., 2013, 33(13):4011-4020.
5	CAO S, CHEN L, YU X. Impact of China’s Grain for Green Project on the landscape of vulnerable arid and semi-arid agricultural regions: a case study in northern Shaanxi Province [J/OL]. J. Appl. Ecol., 2009, 46(3):01605.x [2022-09-10].
6	周宏飞,肖祖炎,姚海娇,等.古尔班通古特沙漠树枝状沙丘土壤水分时空变异特征[J].水科学进展,2013,24(6):771-777.
	ZHOU H F, XIAO Z Y, YAO H J, et al.. Temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in dendritic sand dune over Gurbantunggut desert in central eurasia [J]. Adv. Water Sci., 2013, 24(6):771-777.
7	朱海,胡顺军,陈永宝.古尔班通古特沙漠南缘固定沙丘土壤水分时空变化特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(1):117-126.
	ZHU H, HU S J, CHEN Y B. Spatio-temporal variation of soil moisture in fixed dunes at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut desert [J]. Acta Pedo. Sin., 2016, 53(1):117-126.
8	GWAK Y, KIM S. Factors affecting soil moisture spatial variability for a humid forest hillslope [J]. Hydr. Proc., 2017, 31(2):431-445.
9	冯博,贾小旭,于冬雪,等.黄土高原北部草地土壤水分空间变异研究[J].土壤通报,2019,50(5):1123-1130.
	FENG B, JIA X X, YU D X, et al.. Spatial variability of soil moisture in northern grassland of the Loess Plateau [J]. Chin. J. Soil Sci., 2019, 50(5):1123-1130.
10	朱绪超,邵明安,朱军涛,等.高寒草甸生态系统表层土壤水分时间稳定性研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):212-218.
	ZHU X C, SHAO M A, ZHU J T, et al.. Temporal stability of surface soil moisture in alpine meadow ecosystem on northern Tibetan Plateau [J]. Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Mach., 2017, 48(8):212-218.
11	杜康,张北赢.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤水分变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(6):72-76.
	DU K, ZHANG B Y. Characteristics of soil moisture varition in different types of land uses in the Loess Hilly region [J]. Res. Soil Water Conserv., 2020, 27(6):72-76.
12	程谅,焦雄,邸涵悦,等.不同整地措施坡面土壤水分时空分布特征[J].土壤学报,2021,58(6):1423-1435.
	CHENG L, JIAO X, DI H Y, et al.. Spatio-temporal distribution of soil moisture on slopes relative to land preparation measure [J]. Acta Pedol. Sin., 2021, 58(6):1423-1435.
13	JOST G, HEUVELINK G B M, Papritz A. Analysing the space-time distribution of soil water storage of a forest ecosystem using spatio-temporal kriging [J]. Geoderma, 2005, 128(3-4):258-273.
14	王艳莉,刘立超,高艳红,等.人工固沙植被区土壤水分动态及空间分布[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(4):942-950.
	WANG Y L, LIU L C, GAO Y H, et al.. Dynamicand spatial distribution of soil moisture in an artificially re-vegetated desert area[J]. J. Dersert Res., 2015, 35(4):942-950.
15	李少华,张立恒,王学全, 等. 高寒灌木固沙区土壤性状与植被生长特征的相关分析[J].干旱区研究,2017,34(6):1331-1337.
	LI S H, ZHANG L H, WANG X Q, et al.. Soil properties and shrub growth in an alpine sandy area [J]. Arid Zone Res., 2017, 34(6):1331-1337.
16	伍永秋,张健枫,杜世松,等.毛乌素沙地南缘不同活性沙丘土壤水分时空变化[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(6):1612-1619.
	WU Y Q, ZHSNG J F, DU S S, et al.. Temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in dunes with different vegetation coverage in Southern margin of the Mu Us Sandy Land [J]. J. Dersert Res., 2015, 35(6):1612-1619.
17	HESHMATI G A, SQUIERS V R. Combating Desertification in Asia, Africa and the Middle East Successful Biological Methods for Combating Desertification at Degraded Areas of China [M]. Berlin: Springer, 2013:49-71.
18	SHARMA K D. Water resources: an overview of world deserts [J]. Ann. Arid Zone, 1991, 30(4):283-300.
19	李新荣,张志山,黄磊,等.我国沙区人工植被系统生态-水文过程和互馈机理研究评述[J].科学通报,2013,58(Z1):397-410.
	LI X R, ZHANG Z S, HUANG L, et al.. Review of the ecohydrological processes and feedback mechanisms controlling sand-binding vegetation systems in sandy desert regions of China [J]. Chin. Sci. Bull., 2013, 58(Z1):397-410.
20	何志斌,赵文智.半干旱地区流动沙地土壤湿度变异及其对降水的依赖[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(4):359-362.
	HE Z B, ZHAO W Z. Variability of soil moisture of shifting sandy land and its dependence on precipitation in semi-arid region [J]. J. Dersert Res., 2022, 22(4):359-362.
21	梁香寒.毛乌素沙地不同固定程度油蒿群落土壤水分变化过程及影响因素研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2020.
	LIANG X H. Soil moisture dynamics and its mechanism of artemisia ordosica community in mu us sandy land [D]. Beijing: Beijing Forestry University, 2020.
22	李新乐,吴波,张建平,等.白刺沙包浅层土壤水分动态及其对不同降雨量的响应[J].生态学报,2019,39(15):5701-5708.
	LI X L, WU B, ZHANG J P, et al.. Dynamics of shallow soil water content in Nitraria tangutorum nebkha and response to rainfall [J]. Acta Ecol. Sin., 2019, 39(15):5701-5708.
23	FU C F, ZHAO J B, MEI F M, et al.. Vertical distribution of soil moisture and surface sandy soil wind erosion for different types of sand dune on the southeastern margin of the Mu Us Sandy Land, China [J]. Sci. Cold Arid Regions, 2015, 7(6):675-686.
24	廉泓林,李卫,冯金超,等.科尔沁沙地典型固沙人工林地土壤水分时空特征及其对环境因子的响应[J].生态学报,2021,41(20):8256-8265.
	LIAN H L, LI W, FENG J C, et al.. Spatiotemporal characteristics of soil moisture and its responses to enviromental factors in two typical sand-fixing plantations at the south edge of horqin sandy land [J]. Acta Ecol. Sin., 2021, 41(20):8256-8265.
25	孔凌霄,毕华兴,周巧稚,等.晋西黄土区不同立地刺槐林土壤水分动态特征[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(5):163-169.
	KONG L X, BI H X, ZHOU Q Z, et al..Dynamics of soil moisture in different stand sites of Robinia pseudoacacia forestlands in loess region of western Shanxi province [J]. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2018, 32(5):163-169.
26	冯伟.毛乌素沙地东北缘土壤水分动态及深层渗漏特征[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2015.
	FENG W. Soil moisture dynamics and deeep soil layer infiltration process in northeastern margin of Mu Us sandland [D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Forestry, 2015.
27	王翔宇,张进虎,丁国栋,等.沙地土壤水分特征及水分时空动态分析[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(6):222-227.
	WANG X Y, ZAHNG J H, DING G D, et al.. Study on the temporal and spacial change of soil water content and soil moisture characteristics of sandy land [J]. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2008, 22(6):222-227.
28	马风云,李新荣,张景光,等.沙坡头人工固沙植被土壤水分空间异质性[J].应用生态学报,2006(5):789-795.
	MA F Y, LI X R, ZHANG J G, et al.. Spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture in Shapotou sand-fixing artifical vegetation area [J]. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol., 2006, (5):789-795.
29	张进虎,王乃昂,牛震敏,等.巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山柽柳地土壤水分时空动态[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(4):92-97.
	ZHANG J H, WANG N A, NIU Z M, et al.. Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil moisture of Tamarix laxa land in the mega-dunes of Badian Jaran desert [J]. Res. Soil Water Conserv., 2018, 25(4):92-97.
30	蒋志成,蒋志仁,赵维俊,等.甘肃祁连山西水林区草地土壤水势变化特征研究[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学),2021,41(2):177-181.
	JIANG Z C, JIANG Z R, ZHAO W J, et al.. Atudy on the variation characteristics of grassland vegetation soil water potential in Xishui forest raea of Qilian mountains, Gansu [J]. J. Southwest For. Univ., 2021, 41(2):177-181.
31	党宏忠,却晓娥,冯金超,等.土壤水分对黄土区苹果园土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)中水势梯度的影响[J].应用生态学报,2020,31(3):829-836.
	DANG H Z, QUE X E, FENG J C, et al.. Effect of soil moisture on water potential gradients in thr soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) of apple orchards in the loess plateau, northwest china [J]. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol., 2020, 31(3):829-836.
32	吴沿友,胡林生,谷睿智,等.两种土壤含水量与水势关系[J].排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(4):351-356.
	WU Y Y, HU L S, GU R Z, et al.. Relationship between soil water potential and water content of two soils [J]. J. Drain. Irrig. Mach. Eng., 2017, 35(4):351-356.

[1]	朱士江, 李虎, 徐文, 冯雅婷. 三峡库区土壤含水量对柑橘园果实品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(6): 201-207.
[2]	侯志雄, 井长青, 王公鑫, 郭文章, 赵苇康. 1998—2018年北疆天然草地植被覆盖度时空变化及其与气象因子的关系[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(2): 140-151.
[3]	黄雅茹1，李永华2*，辛智鸣1，马迎宾1，董雪1，李新乐1，段瑞兵1，罗凤敏1，边凯1. 乌兰布和沙漠人工梭梭夏季茎干液流变化特征及其与气象因子的关系[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(7): 155-165.
[4]	黄雅茹1,2,辛智鸣1,2*,葛根巴图1,2,李新乐1,2,罗凤敏1,2,徐军1,2,刘芳1,2,郝玉光1,2,姚斌3. 乌兰布和沙漠东北缘典型灌木群落多样性与土壤养分相关性研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2018, 20(9): 95-105.
[5]	刘龙1,姚云峰1,郭月峰1*,祁伟1,2,温健1,高玉寒1,尉迟文思1,韩兆敏1. 准格尔旗砒砂岩区三种典型造林树种蒸腾耗水研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2018, 20(3): 124-131.
[6]	刘龙,姚云峰,郭月峰*,祁伟,高玉寒,韩兆敏,尉迟文思. 农牧交错带柠条锦鸡儿根系与土壤水分空间关系研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2017, 19(7): 101-107.
[7]	孙玲[1] 朱泽生[2]. 江苏省小麦综合比较优势时空特征动态变化研究[J]. , 2006, 8(1): 26-30.

乌兰布和沙漠固沙梭梭林生长季土壤水分动态研究

Study on Soil Moisture Dynamics in Growing Season of Sand-fixing Haloxylonammodendron Forest in Ulan Buhe Desert

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 32

相关文章 7

编辑推荐

Metrics