微生物表面活性素合成调控和高效生产研究进展

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1020

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

表面活性素是由芽孢杆菌属微生物次级代谢所产生的一类脂肽，具有多种生物活性，在食品、医药、日化、采油和生防等多个领域具有广阔的应用前景。但天然菌株产表面活性素效率低、生产成本高，严重限制了表面活性素的实际应用。对微生物表面活性素的结构性质、应用效果、合成途径调控进行了简要阐述，重点综述了提升其产量的多种策略，并对其高效生产和应用前景进行了展望。

关键词: 表面活性素, 高效合成, 基因工程, 理性设计

Abstract:

Surfactin is a kind of lipopeptide produced by the secondary metabolism of microorganisms of Bacillus， which has a variety of biological activities with a broad application prospect in many fields such as food， medicine， daily chemical， oil extraction and biological defense. However， the low production efficiency and high production cost of natural strains of Bacillus sp. have severely limited the practical application of surfactin. The structural properties， application effects and regulation of the microbial surfactin on synthesis pathway were briefly described. Several strategies for increasing the yield of microbial surfactin were emphatically reviewed， and the prospects of its efficient production and application was also prospected.

Key words: surfactin, high efficiency synthesis, genetic engineering, rational design

中图分类号:

Q939.9

刘青, 刘波, 徐欣欣, 张红兵, 张宇宏, 张伟. 微生物表面活性素合成调控和高效生产研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(4): 23-31.

Qing LIU, Bo LIU, Xinxin XU, Hongbing ZHANG, Yuhong ZHANG, Wei ZHANG. Research Progress in Regulation and Efficient Production of Microbial Surfactin Synthesis[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(4): 23-31.

图/表 3

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原始菌株 Original strain	策略 Strategy	原始产量 Original production/（g·L^-1）	终产量 Final production/（g·L^-1）	参考文献 Reference
B. subtilis fmbR	P_srfA→P_spac	0.38	3.86	［65］
B. subtilis THY-7	P_srfA→P_g3	0.55	9.74	［27］
B. subtilis TS1726	过表达脂肪酸合成限速酶基因yngH和脂肪酸合成途径所有基因并进行发酵条件优化 Rate-limiting enzyme gene yngH and all genes in fatty acid systhesis pathway were overexprassed， and the fermentation condition were optimized	9.74	34.00	［66‑67］
B.subtilis TS1726	敲除产孢基因spoIVB，过表达leuABCD- ilvK基因并补加Leu Sporulation gen spoIVB was knocked ont， the leuABCD-ilvK gene was over expressed， and Leu was supplemented	8.30	16.70	［68］
KM1016	敲除spo0A、延伸abrB Gene spoOA was knocked， and abrB was extended	1.30	18.27	［69］
B. subtilis 168	一系列代谢途径工程改造 A series of metabolic pathways were reconstruced	0.40	12.80	［25］

原始菌株 Original strain	策略 Strategy	原始产量 Original production/（g·L^-1）	终产量 Final production/（g·L^-1）	参考文献 Reference
B. subtilis fmbR	P_srfA→P_spac	0.38	3.86	［65］
B. subtilis THY-7	P_srfA→P_g3	0.55	9.74	［27］
B. subtilis TS1726	过表达脂肪酸合成限速酶基因yngH和脂肪酸合成途径所有基因并进行发酵条件优化 Rate-limiting enzyme gene yngH and all genes in fatty acid systhesis pathway were overexprassed， and the fermentation condition were optimized	9.74	34.00	［66‑67］
B.subtilis TS1726	敲除产孢基因spoIVB，过表达leuABCD- ilvK基因并补加Leu Sporulation gen spoIVB was knocked ont， the leuABCD-ilvK gene was over expressed， and Leu was supplemented	8.30	16.70	［68］
KM1016	敲除spo0A、延伸abrB Gene spoOA was knocked， and abrB was extended	1.30	18.27	［69］
B. subtilis 168	一系列代谢途径工程改造 A series of metabolic pathways were reconstruced	0.40	12.80	［25］

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