中国玉米生产发展历程、存在问题及对策

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2013.03.01

›› 2013, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 1-6.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2013.03.01

• 玉米研究特稿 • 下一篇

中国玉米生产发展历程、存在问题及对策

赵久然,王荣焕

(北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心, 北京 100097)

收稿日期:2013-01-14 修回日期:2013-03-20 出版日期:2013-06-15 发布日期:2013-06-15
作者简介:赵久然,研究员,博士,主要从事玉米遗传育种及高产栽培研究。E-mail:maizezhao@126.com
基金资助:
农业部2013年农业技术试验示范专项;国家玉米产业技术体系项目(nycytx-02)资助。

Development Process, Problem and Countermeasure of Maize Production in China

ZHAO Jiu-ran, WANG Rong-huan

(Maize Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China)

Received:2013-01-14 Revised:2013-03-20 Online:2013-06-15 Published:2013-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

玉米已成为当前中国种植面积最大且总产量最高的第一大作物,发展玉米生产对保障国家粮食安全具有重要战略意义。全面阐述了改革开放以来中国玉米生产的发展历程及各发展阶段的生产特点,并重点从自然资源分布、农田基础设施、玉米品种与种子质量、栽培技术、生产经营方式、收储流通等方面深入分析了当前中国玉米生产存在的主要问题。在此基础上,从增加科研投入、加强基础设施建设、强化政策扶持、加强技术服务、加大高产创建力度和改善产后储运流通等方面提出了促进中国玉米进一步增产的政策建议 ,以及加强玉米新品种选育、抗旱节水、保护性耕作、提高播种质量和群体整齐度、机械化栽培和病虫草害防治等技术措施。

关键词: 玉米;发展历程;问题;政策建议;技术措施

Abstract:

Maize has become the 1st major crop with the largest planting area and total yield in China, and it is strategically significant to promote the maize production for ensuring the national food security. In this paper, the development process of maize production in China since the reform and opening up and the typical features for each phases were introduced systematically, and the main problems and factors limiting the maize production such as the distribution of natural resource, agronomic infrastructure, maize variety and seed quality, cultivation technology, the production and management mode, the storage and circulation conditions were also analyzed. At last, some policy suggestions including increasing and strengthening the scientific research input, basic infrastructure, supporting policy, technical services, high-yield construction, storage and circulation conditions, and technical measures such as maize new variety breeding, water-saving agricultural technology, conservation tillage, improving the sowing quality and population uniformity, mechanized cultivation, diseases & insects and weeds protection etc. for the further increasing of maize yield level in the future were purposed, respectively.

Key words: maize, development process, problem, policy suggestion, technical measure

中图分类号:

S513

赵久然,王荣焕. 中国玉米生产发展历程、存在问题及对策[J]. , 2013, 15(3): 1-6.

ZHAO Jiu-ran, WANG Rong-huan . Development Process, Problem and Countermeasure of Maize Production in China[J]. , 2013, 15(3): 1-6.

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中国玉米生产发展历程、存在问题及对策

Development Process, Problem and Countermeasure of Maize Production in China

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