不同氮源添加对椰子叶堆肥腐殖化效果的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0650

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 162-170.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0650

• 生物制造资源生态 • 上一篇

不同氮源添加对椰子叶堆肥腐殖化效果的影响

黄小红¹^,²(), 焦静¹^,³, 杜嵇华¹^,²^,³(), 吴翼⁴(), 李尊香¹^,³, 刘信鹏¹^,³

^1.中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所, 广东湛江 524091
^2.中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所, 广东湛江 524091
^3.湛江市热带作物秸秆高效循环利用工程技术研究中心, 广东湛江 524091
^4.中国热带农业科学院椰子研究所, 海南文昌 571339

收稿日期:2023-08-31 接受日期:2023-11-13 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-02-04
通讯作者: 杜嵇华,吴翼
作者简介:黄小红 E-mail：xiaohong0611@163.com
基金资助:
海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2021XDNY301);海南省自然科学基金项目(420QN329);中央级科研事业单位基本科研业务费 “揭榜挂帅”项目(1630042022002)

Effects of Different Nitrogen Sources Addition on Humification of Coconut Leaf Compost

Xiaohong HUANG¹^,²(), Jing JIAO¹^,³, Jihua DU¹^,²^,³(), Yi WU⁴(), Zunxiang LI¹^,³, Xinpeng LIU¹^,³

^1.South Subtropical Crops Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Guangdong Zhanjiang 524091，China
^2.Institute of Agricultural Machinery，Chinese Academic of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Guangdong Zhanjiang 524091，China
^3.Zhanjiang Tropical Crop Straw Efficient Recycling Engineering and Technology Research Center，Guangdong Zhanjiang 524091，China
^4.Coconut Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Hainan Wenchang 571339，China

Received:2023-08-31 Accepted:2023-11-13 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-04
Contact: Jihua DU,Yi WU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究不同氮源对椰子叶堆肥腐殖化效果的影响，以鸡粪、猪粪、沼渣、尿素等不同氮源为控制变量，分别与椰子叶进行混合堆肥，对温度、发酵前后碳氮比的比值（T值）、腐殖质含量、腐殖化系数、腐殖化指数和腐殖化聚合度等指标进行分析。结果表明，各处理组的堆肥高温期（55.0 ℃以上）均超过15 d，达到无害化处理要求；T值均小于0.60，达到了腐熟要求；发酵后总有机碳含量下降，但各处理组的腐殖质碳含量上升，腐殖化程度增加。鸡粪处理组腐殖化效果最佳，其腐殖化系数增加19.28%、腐殖化指数增加65.80%，腐殖化聚合度达到2.38；猪粪处理组产品稳定性低于鸡粪处理，高于沼渣和尿素处理；沼渣处理组堆肥腐殖化系数最高，但腐殖化聚合度只有1.61，产品稳定性差；尿素处理组堆肥腐殖化指数和腐殖化聚合度降低，阻碍了其腐殖化进程。综上可知，鸡粪作为氮源添加对椰子叶堆肥的腐殖化效果最好，研究结果为海南地区椰子叶废弃物资源化利用提供科学依据。

关键词: 堆肥, 椰子叶, 氮源, 腐殖化

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of different nitrogen sources on the humification of coconut leaf compost， adding chicken manure， pig manure， biogas residue and urea as control variables to co-compost with coconut leaves，the indexs of temperature， the ratio of carbon to nitrogen ratio（T value）， humic substances， huminification rate， humification index and degree of humus polymerization were analyzed. The results showed that the 4 treatments could maintain the high temperature period （above 55.0 ℃） for more than 15 d， reached the harmless requirements. The T value was less than 0.6， which met the requirements of maturity. Compared with pre-fermentation and post-fermentation， composting led to a decrease in total oganic carbon， but humic substances carbon of 4 treatments increased， and the degree of humification increased. Chicken manure had the best effect on promoting the humification process of compost， after the composting， huminification rate increased by 19.28%， humification index increased by 65.80%， and degree of humus polymerization was 2.38. Adding pig manure as nitrogen source was lower than adding chicken manure， higher than adding biogas residue and urea. The huminification rate of adding biogas residue compost was the highest， but degree of humus polymerization was only 1.61， and the stability of compost products was poor. The decrease of humification index and degree of humus polymerization in coconut leaf compost with urea as nitrogen source hindered its humification process. In conclusion， humification effect was best when adding chicken manure as a nitrogen to source coconut leaf compost， and the results provided a scientific basis for the resource utilization of coconut leaf waste in Hainan.

Key words: compost, coconut leaf, nitrogen sources, humification

中图分类号:

S141.4

黄小红, 焦静, 杜嵇华, 吴翼, 李尊香, 刘信鹏. 不同氮源添加对椰子叶堆肥腐殖化效果的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(2): 162-170.

Xiaohong HUANG, Jing JIAO, Jihua DU, Yi WU, Zunxiang LI, Xinpeng LIU. Effects of Different Nitrogen Sources Addition on Humification of Coconut Leaf Compost[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(2): 162-170.

图/表 11

表1 原料基本性质 (%)

Table 1 Property of raw material

原料 Raw material	含水率 Moisture content	总氮 Total nitrogen	总碳 Total carbon
椰子叶Coconut leaf	11.96	0.40	61.22
鸡粪Chicken manure	68.28	3.23	24.35
猪粪Pig manure	69.77	1.84	28.92
沼渣Biogas residue	94.24	0.43	2.30
尿素Urea	—	46.00	—

图1 不同处理的温度注：第7、14、21、35、42天为翻堆时间，温度下降。

Fig. 1 Temperature in different treatmentsNote： 7， 14， 21， 35 and 42 d are the turning time， and the temperature decrease.

表2 不同处理下的温度变化

Table 2 Temperature changes in different treatments

处理 Treatment	最高温度 Maximum temperature/℃	到达高温期（≥55 ℃）所需天数 Number of days required to reach the high temperature period （≥55 ℃）/d	高温期（≥55 ℃）维持天数High temperature period （≥55 ℃） maintenance days/d	堆肥积温 Accumulated temperature of compost/℃
T1	74.5	4	25	2 699.4
T2	73.0	5	24	2 531.8
T3	74.5	4	20	2 329.3
T4	72.5	4	17	2 469.4

图 2 不同处理的碳氮比注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 2 C/N in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图 3 不同处理的总有机碳含量注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 3 TOC contents in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图 4 不同处理的腐殖质碳含量及增幅注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 4 HSC contents and increase in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图 5 不同处理的胡敏酸含量及增幅注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 5 HA contents and increase in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图 6 不同处理的富里酸含量及增幅注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 6 Content and increase of FA in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图7 不同处理的腐殖化系数注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 7 HR in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图8 不同处理的腐质化指数注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 8 HI in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图9 不同处理的腐殖质聚合度注：同一指标不同字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig. 9 DP in different treatmentsNote： Different letters in same index indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

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不同氮源添加对椰子叶堆肥腐殖化效果的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Sources Addition on Humification of Coconut Leaf Compost

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