Abstract:

Saline\|alkali land is not only an unique important ecological type, but also a valuable land resource. Saline\|alkali land distributes largely in China. It is of great significance for ecological environment construction and expanding national reserved arable land by rational and sustainable utilization of these saline\|alkali lands. This study reviewed the cause of formation and main influence factors for saline\|alkali lands, their utilization potential, and  practice of sustainable utilization at home and abroad. It was considered that at present, understanding about saline\|alkali land resources was generally insufficient; attention was mainly put on management but not protection; an unified planning and incentive mechanism is lacking. The authors suggestted to persist in trintty of ecology protection,  agricultural industry and social development to sustainably utilize saline alkali lands as valuable resources, to plan as a whole of ecological construction, national food security and industry development, and to cultivate “1, 2, 3” industries convergence solonchak agriculture industry chain. At the same time, the authors also suggestted to give full play to the government and market so as to establish a diversified investment mechanism.

Key words: ecological environment construction, saline\, alkali land resources, land potential utilization value, sustainable utilization

摘要：

盐碱地是一种独具特色的重要生态类型，也是宝贵的土地资源。我国盐碱地面积大、分布范围广，如何科学合理、可持续的开发利用对国家生态环境建设和后备耕地资源拓展具有重要意义。通过对盐碱地的成因及主要影响因素、盐碱地的利用潜力、国内外盐碱地可持续利用的实践等方面进行综述，认为当前对盐碱地资源普遍认识不足，重治理轻保护，也缺乏统一的规划利用和激励机制。建议坚持生态保护、农业产业、社会发展三位一体，将盐碱地作为一种宝贵资源进行可持续利用，统筹生态建设、国家粮食安全、产业发展，培育“一二三”产业融合的盐土农业产业链。同时充分发挥政府和市场的作用，建立多元化的投入机制。

关键词: 生态环境建设；盐碱地资源；土地潜在利用价值；可持续利用