Abstract: In order to understand the structure of apple tree canopy, this paper quantitatively described the leaf morphology characteristics of canopy. Leaf morphological indexes of different branch types in canopies of 2 apple  varieties were selected and analyzed by SPSS software. The leaf morphological characteristics data were analyzed statistically, the data was fitted and error was analyzed. The mathematical model of leaf morphological characteristics from different apple tree types was constructed. It was found that different variety apple trees and different branch types had the same leaf morphological characteristics, and along with the leaf position upgrading, regular changes occurred. Through studying and analyzing these morphological characteristics, a more direct cognition on apple tree canopy was gained. Thus, a nececery knowledge model support was provided for establishing an accurate 3D model suitable for apple tree physiological characters. At the same time, the believability for analogue simulation studies on physiological ecological function of apple tree canopy based on 3D model was promoted.

Key words: fruit tree canopy, leaf morphology, mathematical model

摘要： 为了更好地认识苹果树的冠层结构，定量化描述冠层中叶片的形态特征。通过选取两个品种苹果树冠层不同类型枝条的叶片形态指标，利用SPSS软件对数据进行分析处理。利用数理统计方法对大量叶片形态特征数据进行了统计分析、数据拟合和误差分析，建立了苹果树不同类型枝条上叶片形态特征的数学模型。不同品种苹果树不同枝条类型，具有相同的叶片形态特征，随着叶位提升，发生规律性变化。通过对这些形态特征的分析研究，可以对苹果树冠层有更直观的认识，为构建准确、符合生理性状的果树三维模型提供必要的知识模型支撑。同时提高了基于三维模型进行果树冠层生理生态功能的仿真模拟研究的可信度。

关键词: 果树冠层, 叶片形态, 数学模型