Abstract: The local soybean cultivar (Heihe 43) was grown under mulching film and different planting density and chemical control in Jiusanguanliju of Heihe in Heilongjiang in 2015 and 2016. The daily meteorological elements data including temperature, precipitation and insolation duration were collected from 1987-2016 of Nenjiang, Heihe, Heilongjiang, China. Leaf area was measured with an automatic area meter. At pod filling stage, the ten leaves of each layer every 10 cm were chosen for measuring the intercepted radiation with simple integrated solarimeter films. The radiation interception per unit leaf area (IRL), the radiation interception per unit ground area (IRG), the amount of radiation interception of each leaf, LAI (leaf area index) and accumulated radiation interception of layer every 10 cm were calculated. The results showed that the yield in 2015 increased because of more rain, while the drought stress at July-August 2016 seriously affected plant growth and development, the LAI and radiation interception were low, and this leaded to production decrease. The distribution of light within the canopy was linear change, mainly in soybean canopy on top. IRG had highly significant positive correlations to IRL, leaf number, LAI, leaf area, indicating that the canopy structure was a important factor to canopy radiation, the IRL became bigger with the LAI increase. Soybean hundred grain weight and yield were highly positively correlated with IRL, indicated  canopy radiation had important effect on growth and yield of soybean. The mulching film and D2 density (48×104 panicle/hm2) treatment were highest in canopy radiation and yield production. So higher density with mulching film and chemical regulator affected the canopy structure, getting higher LAI and making full use of climatic resources especially the water and radiation interception were important measures to improving the dry matter and yield production.

Key words: Heihe, soybean, radiation interception, canopy structure, yield production

摘要： 2015-2016年对黑河市九三管理局30年气象要素及大豆品种黑河43在覆膜、不同密度等级和化控处理下全生育期产量和鼓粒期的冠层结构、受光量和光分布特征进行测量分析。两年实验结果表明：2015年降雨较多，产量增长；2016年7~8月降雨量极少，干旱胁迫严重影响植株生长发育，叶面积指数小、受光量小，产量减产；光在冠层内分布呈线性变化，主要集中在大豆冠层顶部；单位土地面积受光量与单位叶面积受光量、单株叶片数、叶面积指数、单叶面积均呈显著正相关关系，说明冠层结构是影响冠层受光量的主要因素，叶面积指数越大，单叶面积越大，单位土地面积受光量越多，大豆百粒重及产量均与单位叶面积受光量呈正相关关系，与单位土地面积受光量呈显著正相关关系，表示在黑河地区大豆受光量对大豆生长发育和产量增长具有重要影响；覆膜及D2密度（48万粒/hm2）处理下受光量最高，产量最高。因此增密与覆膜结合，调整植株冠层结构，保证植株生长发育，提高叶面积指数，充分利用当地光温水气候资源是进一步提高单产的途径。

关键词: 黑河, 大豆, 受光量, 冠层结构, 产量