Abstract: In order to provide guidance for rational application of boron fertilizer in soybean-oilseed rape rotation, field experiments were carried out in randomized block designation. The effects of three types of boron fertilizers, including borax (B, Na2B4O7·10H2O), Etibor-48 (EB, Na2B4O7·5H2O) and Colemanite (CB, Ca2B6O11·5H2O), on the grain yield of soybean and their residual effectiveness on the seed yield for rotated oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) were tested. Seven treatments with three boron application amounts of 0 (-B, no boron application), 1.70 kg B/hm2 (B1, EB1 and CB1, normal B application amount), and 3.40 kg B/hm2 (B2, EB2 and CB2, double of normal B application amount) were set up. Compared with -B treatment, the grain yield of soybean increased by 9.4%, 9.1% and 10.0% under the treatments of B1, EB1 and CB1 in the 1st crop, respectively. The grain yield of soybean under B2 and EB2 decreased slightly, whereas, that under CB2 increased by 9.1% comparing with that under -B treatment. There was no significant difference in the grain yield of soybean between -B and all the boron application treatments. It was indicated that the application of boron fertilizer did not increase the grain yield of the 1st crop (soybean) significantly when the hot water soluble boron (HWSB) content in the soil was 0.49 mg/kg. Basal application of these boron fertilizers significantly improved the HWSB. The seed (grain) yield in the succeeding crops of oilseed rape (the 2nd crop) and soybean (the 3rd crop) increased. Boron application increased the seed yield of the 2nd crop of oilseed rape by 7.3%~36.2%. Moreover, the increasing of the seed yield under the treatments of double normal boron application amount was more than those under the treatments of normal boron application amount. Boron application increased the grain yield of the 3rd crop of soybean by 9.0%~22.3%. The increasing of grain yield of soybean under normal boron application treatments was higher than those under the treatments of double normal boron application amount. The increasing of the grain (seed) yield of EB and CB treatments was higher than that of B in all the crops. The increasing in the grain (seed) yield of EB was more than that of CB under the normal boron application amount. However, that of CB was more than those of EB and B under the treatments of double normal boron application amount. These results provided a reference for the rational application of these different boron fertilizers in soybean-rapeseed rotation.

Key words: boron fertilizers, soybean-rapeseed rotation, seed yield, residual effectiveness

摘要： 为指导大豆-油菜轮作中硼肥的合理高效施用，采用田间随机区组试验研究硼砂（B，Na2B4O7·10H2O）、Etibor-48（EB, Na2B4O7·5H2O）和Colemanite（CB, Ca2B6O11·5H2O）三种硼肥在大豆-油菜轮作中的肥效及其后效对作物产量的影响。试验设3个施硼水平，分别为不施硼(-B)、正常施硼量（纯硼用量1.70 kg/hm2，其中B1，施B 15 kg/hm2；EB1，施EB 11.3 kg/hm2；CB1，施CB 16.2 kg/hm2）和两倍施硼量（纯硼用量3.40 kg/hm2，其中B2，施B 30 kg/hm2；EB2，施EB 22.7 kg/hm2；CB2，施CB 32.4 kg/hm2），共7个处理。结果表明，按正常施硼量基施B、EB和CB，第一季大豆分别增产9.4%、9.1%和10.0%；两倍施硼量时B2和EB2处理大豆产量略有降低，CB2处理大豆增产9.1%，但所有试验处理产量均无显著差异，表明在土壤有效硼含量0.49 mg/kg时，大豆施硼增产效果不显著。基施硼肥能较好地改善土壤有效硼，在一定程度上提高后两季作物产量，第二季油菜增产7.3%~36.2%，同一种硼肥两倍施硼量处理比正常施硼量增产幅度更大；第三季大豆增产9.0%~22.3%，同一种硼肥正常施硼量处理时增产效果更好。由不同硼肥种类和施肥量下大豆-油菜轮作中三季作物的增产情况得出，在土壤有效硼0.49 mg/kg条件下，基施硼肥用量为纯硼用量1.70 kg/hm2。具有较强缓释性的硼肥EB和CB在三季作物中均有较好的增产效果，正常施硼条件下EB效果优于CB，两倍施硼量条件下CB效果更好。结果将为大豆-油菜轮作模式下不同硼肥的合理高效施用提供参考。

关键词: 硼肥, 大豆-油菜轮作, 产量, 后效