Identification and Biological Characteristics Analysis of Fusarium andiyazi Causing Maize Ear Rot

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.1020

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to identify the Fusarium sp. causing maize ear rot， both morphological characteristics and molecular biology techniques were used to determine the pathogen， and the pathogenicity was conducted according to Koch's rule， and the biological characteristics of F. andiyazi were determined from the aspects of optimum carbon source， nitrogen source， culture temperature， pH， illumination and lethal temperature. The results showed that Fusarium andiyazi was the pathogen of maize ear rot. The optimum carbon sources for mycelial growth and sporulation of F. andiyazi were soluble starch and galactose， respectively， and the optimum nitrogen source was yeast powder， the growth temperature range was from 15 to 35 ℃， the optimal temperature was 30 ℃， the optimum pH was 7～12 for mycelium growth and sporulation. The strain of F. andiyazi could grow and spore under any light condition， and the continuous illumination had a stimulatory effect on sporulation. The lethal temperature of mycelia was 65 ℃， and the lethal temperature of conidia was 60 ℃. Above results provided theoretical basis for the control of corn ear rot and the breeding of resistant varieties.

Key words: maize ear rot, Fusarium andiyazi, biological characteristics

摘要：

为明确引起玉米穗腐病病原菌的镰孢菌类型，采用形态学与分子生物学相结合的方法对病原菌进行鉴定，按照科赫氏法则（Koch's rule）对其进行致病性测定，并从最适碳源、氮源、培养温度、pH、光照和致死温度等方面分析其生物学特性。结果表明，玉米穗腐病的致病菌为新知镰孢（Fusarium andiyazi），菌丝生长最适碳源是可溶性淀粉，产孢最适碳源是半乳糖，最适氮源是酵母浸粉，生长温度范围为15～35 ℃，最适温度为30 ℃，菌丝生长和产孢的最适pH为7～12。菌株在任何光照条件下均能生长和产孢，其中连续光照条件促进分生孢子的产生。病原菌菌丝致死温度为65 ℃，孢子致死温度60 ℃。该结果为玉米穗腐病的防治和抗性品种选育提供理论依据。

关键词: 玉米穗腐病, 新知镰孢, 生物学特性

CLC Number:

S432

Hua SUN, Ning GUO, Xiaojuan ZHENG, Jie SHI, Lirong ZHANG, Hongfei YAN. Identification and Biological Characteristics Analysis of Fusarium andiyazi Causing Maize Ear Rot[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(2): 145-151.

孙华, 郭宁, 郑晓娟, 石洁, 张立荣, 闫红飞. 玉米穗腐病病原菌新知镰孢的鉴定及其生物学特性分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(2): 145-151.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 Morphological characteristics of the pathogen

Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree of strains based on TEF?1α sequence

Fig. 3 Symptoms on ears inoculated with the pathogen

Fig. 4 Effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on vegetative growth and spore numbers of F. andiyaziNote： Small letters in the figure indicate significant differences between different treatment at P<0.05 level.

Fig. 5 Effect of temperature and pH on vegetative growth and spore numbers of F. andiyaziNote： Small letters in the figure indicate significant differences between different treatment at P<0.05 level.

Table. 1 Effects of different light condition on vegetative growth and spore numbers of F. andiyazi

光照时间

Light time/h

菌落直径

Colony diameter/mm

产孢量

Spore numbers/（10⁶ CFU·mL^-1）

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