Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rate and planting density on the rice yield and quality under the field conditions, Guiyu 11, a high-quality conventional variety, was as experiment material and split-piot experiment was set, which the nitrogen application rates (N) were used as the main plot including 0 (N1), 75 (N2), 150 (N3), 225 (N4) kg·hm^-2 and the planting density (D) was used as split block including 27×10⁴ (D1), 30×10⁴ (D2), 33×10⁴(D3) hills·hm^-2. The traits of yield and quality were measured. The results showed that nitrogen application rate had extremely significant effects on effective panicle number, 1 000-grain weight, yield, head rice rate, chalkiness rate, chalkiness degree and protein content; while planting density had extremely significant effects on effective panicle number, yield, brown rice rate, chalkiness degree and head rice rate; and the interaction of N×D had significant effects on seed-setting rate, chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree. The grains number per panicle, seed setting rate and yield were highest with 150 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen application rate. The effective panicle number and yield were highest with 30×10⁴  hills·hm-2. Under nitrogen-density interaction, the performances of yield and quality under N3D2, N3D1 and N4D2 treatments were not significantly different with the highest values of yield and quality traits. In summary, 150 kg·hm^-2 and 30×10⁴ hills·hm^-2 were recommended as the suitable nitrogen application rate and planting density of Guiyu 11, which provided a theoretical basis for scientifically formulating high-yield, high-efficiency and high-quality cultivation techniques of Guiyu 11.

Key words: rice, Guiyu 11, nitrogen application rate, planting density, yield, rice quality

摘要： 为探讨施氮量和栽插密度对水稻产量和稻米品质的影响，以水稻优质常规种桂育11号为试验材料，采用裂区试验设计，设置施氮量（主区）分别为0（N1）、75（N2）、150（N3）、225（N4） kg·hm^-2，栽插密度（裂区）分别为27（D1）、30（D2）、33（D3）万蔸·hm^-2，测定不同施氮量和栽插密度下桂育11号的产量和品质。结果表明，施氮量对有效穗数、千粒重、产量、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度和蛋白质含量有极显著影响；栽插密度对有效穗数、产量、糙米率和垩白度有极显著影响，对整精米率有显著影响；氮密互作对结实率、垩白粒率和垩白度有显著影响。当施氮量为150 kg·hm^-2时，桂育11号的穗粒数、结实率和产量最高。当栽插密度为30万蔸·hm^-2时，桂育11号的有效穗数和产量最高。氮密互作下，N3D2处理的产量及构成因素均与最高值无显著差异； N3D1、N3D2和N4D2处理的稻米品质指标均与最优值差异不显著。由此可见，实现优质常规稻桂育11号高产与优质的适宜施氮量为150 kg·hm^-2、栽插密度为30万蔸·hm^-2，为科学制定桂育11号高产、优质的高效栽培技术提供了理论依据。

关键词: 水稻, 桂育11号, 施氮量, 栽插密度, 产量, 稻米品质