Effects of Machine Harvesting Planting Methods on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation of Different Plant Types of Cotton

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0122

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the suitable mechanized cotton planting methods for different plant types of cotton， with Zhongmiansuo 96A （loose plant type） and B9 （compact plant type）as materials， 3 planting methods were set up： one film with three rows（R3）， one film with four rows（R4） and one film with six rows（R6）. The change characteristics of leaf area index （LAI）， net photosynthetic rate （P_n）， dry matter accumulation and yield of cotton under different planting methods were studied. The results showed that LAI and P_n were better under the treatment of R3 in Zhongmiansuo 96A. Compared with the other two planting methods， the dry matter accumulation duration of reproductive organs under the treatment of R3 in Zhongmiansuo 96A prolonged 5 d， and the yield of seed cotton increased 4.76% and 6.73%， respectively. P_n of B9 was higher under the treatment of R6. Compared with the other two planting methods， the duration of dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs of B9 under R6 treatment prolonged 2 d， the dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs increased 8.52% and 4.23%， and the yield increased 9.00% and 12.16%， respectively. The suitable planting methods of cotton with different plant types were different. The loose type Zhongmianuso 96A was suitable for one film three rows planting mode， and the compact type variety B9 was suitable for one film six rows planting mode.

Key words: machine harvesting cotton, planting methods, plant type, dry matter

摘要：

为探究不同株型棉花适宜的机采种植方式，以中棉所96A（株型较松散）和B9（株型紧凑）为材料，研究一膜三行（R3）、一膜四行（R4）、一膜六行（R6）机采种植方式下棉花叶面积指数、净光合速率、干物质积累及产量的变化特征。结果表明，中棉所96A在R3处理下叶面积指数、净光合速率表现较优，与其他2种种植方式相比，中棉所96A在R3处理下生殖器官干物质积累持续期延长5 d，籽棉产量分别提高了4.76%、6.73%。B9在R6处理下净光合速率水平较高，与其他2种种植方式相比，B9在R6处理下的生殖器官干物质积累持续期延长2 d，生殖器官干物质积累量分别增加8.52%、4.23%，产量分别增加9.00%、12.16%。不同株型棉花的适宜机采种植方式不一致，较松散型中棉所96A适合一膜三行种植方式，紧凑型棉花B9适合一膜六行种植方式。

关键词: 机采棉, 种植方式, 株型, 干物质

CLC Number:

S562

Ling LI, Helin DONG, Pengcheng LI, Liwen TIAN, Chunmei LI, Yunzhen MA, Na ZHANG, Fang WANG, Wenxiu XU. Effects of Machine Harvesting Planting Methods on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation of Different Plant Types of Cotton[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(8): 172-181.

李玲, 董合林, 李鹏程, 田立文, 李春梅, 马云珍, 张娜, 王芳, 徐文修. 机采棉种植方式对不同株型棉花光合特性及干物质积累的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(8): 172-181.

Figures/Tables 8

References 33

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年份 Year	品种（系） Variety（line）	种植方式 Planting pattern	株高 Plant height/cm	果枝始节高度 First fruit branch height/cm	果枝始节位 First fruit node	平均节间长 Average internode length/cm	平均果枝长 Average fruit branch length/cm	果枝数 Fruit branch numbers
2019	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	85.98 a	25.95 a	6.50 a	5.66 a	19.68 a	10.80 a
		R4	82.96 ab	24.78 ab	6.70 a	5.24 b	19.36 a	9.80 ab
		R6	80.49 b	23.84 bc	6.60 a	5.38 b	18.26 b	9.20 b
	B9	R3	82.85 ab	22.72 c	5.50 b	5.70 a	11.81 c	10.00 ab
		R4	83.75 ab	20.98 d	5.50 b	5.66 a	10.84 d	9.70 ab
		R6	81.95 b	20.53 d	5.40 b	5.32 b	10.94 d	10.20 ab
2020	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	78.50 a	21.00 a	6.50 a	4.74 a	18.90 a	11.70 a
		R4	63.83 c	19.94 ab	6.70 a	4.20 b	16.40 b	10.70 a
		R6	63.83 c	20.75 ab	6.70 ab	4.21 b	15.31 b	10.80 a
	B9	R3	69.17 b	19.13 bc	5.70 bc	4.38 ab	11.11 c	11.00 a
		R4	65.83 bc	17.50 c	5.30 c	4.29 b	7.49 d	10.70 a
		R6	63.34 c	15.00 d	5.50 c	4.04 b	7.98 d	10.50 a
变异来源Source of variation
年份 Year			**	**	ns	**	**	**
品种（系）Variety（line）			ns	**	**	ns	**	ns
种植方式Planting pattern			**	**	ns	*	**	*
品种（系）×种植方式 Variety（line）×planting pattern			*	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

年份 Year	品种（系） Variety（line）	种植方式 Planting pattern	株高 Plant height/cm	果枝始节高度 First fruit branch height/cm	果枝始节位 First fruit node	平均节间长 Average internode length/cm	平均果枝长 Average fruit branch length/cm	果枝数 Fruit branch numbers
2019	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	85.98 a	25.95 a	6.50 a	5.66 a	19.68 a	10.80 a
		R4	82.96 ab	24.78 ab	6.70 a	5.24 b	19.36 a	9.80 ab
		R6	80.49 b	23.84 bc	6.60 a	5.38 b	18.26 b	9.20 b
	B9	R3	82.85 ab	22.72 c	5.50 b	5.70 a	11.81 c	10.00 ab
		R4	83.75 ab	20.98 d	5.50 b	5.66 a	10.84 d	9.70 ab
		R6	81.95 b	20.53 d	5.40 b	5.32 b	10.94 d	10.20 ab
2020	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	78.50 a	21.00 a	6.50 a	4.74 a	18.90 a	11.70 a
		R4	63.83 c	19.94 ab	6.70 a	4.20 b	16.40 b	10.70 a
		R6	63.83 c	20.75 ab	6.70 ab	4.21 b	15.31 b	10.80 a
	B9	R3	69.17 b	19.13 bc	5.70 bc	4.38 ab	11.11 c	11.00 a
		R4	65.83 bc	17.50 c	5.30 c	4.29 b	7.49 d	10.70 a
		R6	63.34 c	15.00 d	5.50 c	4.04 b	7.98 d	10.50 a
变异来源Source of variation
年份 Year			**	**	ns	**	**	**
品种（系）Variety（line）			ns	**	**	ns	**	ns
种植方式Planting pattern			**	**	ns	*	**	*
品种（系）×种植方式 Variety（line）×planting pattern			*	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

年份 Year	品种（系） Variety（line）	种植方式 Planting pattern	现蕾期 Budding stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Blooming stage	盛铃前期 Prophase of full boll stage	盛铃后期 Anaphase of full boll stage
2019	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	36.64 ab	39.90 a	40.43 a	25.00 b	14.03 ab
		R4	37.27 a	39.27 ab	37.40 b	22.70 c	14.20 ab
		R6	34.97 c	40.07 a	38.60 ab	22.95 c	14.65 ab
	B9	R3	35.45 bc	38.35 b	36.87 b	27.82 a	11.80 b
		R4	34.50 c	38.80 ab	36.74 b	26.08 b	14.83 ab
		R6	35.50 bc	39.42 ab	39.47 ab	28.57 a	16.75 a
2020	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	32.07 a	38.53 a	34.60 ab	35.63 a	—
		R4	31.33 a	37.20 ab	33.15 c	34.02 ab	—
		R6	32.17 a	38.13 ab	34.90 a	34.45 ab	—
	B9	R3	32.87 a	35.78 b	34.60 ab	34.35 ab	—
		R4	32.17 a	37.60 ab	33.85 bc	33.27 b	—
		R6	32.45 a	38.18 ab	34.73 a	35.65 a	—

年份 Year	品种（系） Variety（line）	种植方式 Planting pattern	现蕾期 Budding stage	盛蕾期 Full bud stage	盛花期 Blooming stage	盛铃前期 Prophase of full boll stage	盛铃后期 Anaphase of full boll stage
2019	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	36.64 ab	39.90 a	40.43 a	25.00 b	14.03 ab
		R4	37.27 a	39.27 ab	37.40 b	22.70 c	14.20 ab
		R6	34.97 c	40.07 a	38.60 ab	22.95 c	14.65 ab
	B9	R3	35.45 bc	38.35 b	36.87 b	27.82 a	11.80 b
		R4	34.50 c	38.80 ab	36.74 b	26.08 b	14.83 ab
		R6	35.50 bc	39.42 ab	39.47 ab	28.57 a	16.75 a
2020	中棉所96A ZMS96A	R3	32.07 a	38.53 a	34.60 ab	35.63 a	—
		R4	31.33 a	37.20 ab	33.15 c	34.02 ab	—
		R6	32.17 a	38.13 ab	34.90 a	34.45 ab	—
	B9	R3	32.87 a	35.78 b	34.60 ab	34.35 ab	—
		R4	32.17 a	37.60 ab	33.85 bc	33.27 b	—
		R6	32.45 a	38.18 ab	34.73 a	35.65 a	—

品种（系） Variety（line）	种植方式 Planting pattern	Y_m/（g·plant^-1）	t₁/d	t₂/d	Δt/d	t_m/d	V_m/ （g·plant^-1·d^-1）
ZMS96A	R3	99.34	65.08	112.67	47.59	88.94	1.51
	R4	98.96	71.63	122.47	50.84	97.12	1.51
	R6	99.37	71.18	122.04	50.87	96.68	1.51
B9	R3	94.82	63.63	110.83	47.20	87.29	1.44
	R4	95.02	65.21	109.43	44.22	87.38	1.52
	R6	98.89	62.97	104.35	41.38	83.71	1.65