Abstract:

Drying box is the key device for solar drying agricultural material， and its structure rationality directly affect the material drying quality and efficiency. In order to improve drying effect， this paper took solar hot air drying box physical distribution uniformity as the research object to analyze the distribution of wind field and temperature field inside the box body characteristics by the combination of experiment and COMSOL numerical simulation method， and optimized drying box structure optimization based on the analysis. The results showed that the COMSOL simulation of the wind speed and temperature distribution was consistent with the experimental results， so it could be used to accurately simulate the physical field inside the drying chamber. Based on the simulation analysis method， this paper put forward optimization design scheme of changing air inlet location， adding a hole blocking flow board， and building partition type of air chamber， by which the uneven coefficient of wind velocity field distribution inside drying box was reduced to less than 10%， and effectively guaranteed the uniformity of material drying. The above results provided reference for the structure improvement of the solar hot air drying equipment.

Key words: solar dryer, numerical simulation, structural optimization, COMSOL, wind velocity field

摘要：

干燥箱是农业物料进行太阳能热风干燥的关键装置，其结构合理性直接影响物料干燥的品质和效率。为提升干燥效果，以太阳能热风干燥箱物理场分布的均匀程度为研究对象，采用试验和COMSOL数值模拟相结合的方法，对箱体内风速场、温度场的分布特点进行分析，并根据分析结果完成干燥箱结构优化。结果表明，COMSOL模拟仿真所得风速和温度的分布规律与试验结果一致，可用于准确模拟干燥箱内物理场。依托该模拟分析方法，提出了改变进风口位置、添加带孔挡流板、构建隔断式气室的优化设计方案，将干燥箱内风速场分布的不均匀系数降至了10%以下，有效保证了物料干燥的均匀性。上述结果可为太阳能热风干燥设备的结构改进提供参考。

关键词: 干燥箱, COMSOL, 风速场, 数值模拟, 结构优化