Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (12): 120-128.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0711

• INNOVATIVE GERMPLASM • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Development of Biobreeding Techniques in Main Aquaculture Fish Species

Yonghua SUN1,2(), Wei HU1,2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,National Aquatic Biological Resource Center,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China
    2.Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Wuhan 430070,China
  • Received:2022-08-26 Accepted:2022-09-28 Online:2022-12-15 Published:2023-02-06
  • Contact: Wei HU

重要养殖鱼类生物育种技术研究

孙永华1,2(), 胡炜1,2()   

  1. 1.中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,国家水生生物种质资源库,武汉 430072
    2.湖北洪山实验室,武汉 430070
  • 通讯作者: 胡炜
  • 作者简介:孙永华 E-mail:yhsun@ihb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0901200);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-46);国家自然科学基金项目(31721005)

Abstract:

As blue food, fish and other aquatic products are recognized as healthy and high-quality sources of animal protein, and play significant roles in supporting global food and nutrition security. China is the largest aquaculture country in the world, and its success stories have attracted global attention. China has developed and utilized various breeding methods for aquaculture species, such as selection breeding, hybridization breeding, polyploid breeding, transgenic breeding, etc. and carried out genome editing and genome selection-based breeding in some species, pioneered some novel breeding methods, such as the fish germline stem cell-oriented approach and reproduction on-off strategy. By using these technologies, Chinese aquaculture scientists have bred various aquaculture species or fish lines with valuable traits, which drives and supports the high-quality development of Chinese aquaculture. This article systematically reviewed the development and application of the above biobreeding techniques in the generation and application of novel fish strains with valuable traits, and provided an outlook on the future development of biobreeding technology, which aimed to promote the breeding of new lines and varieties of aquaculture fish, and support the high-quality development of aquaculture in China.

Key words: aquaculture fish, genetic breeding, biobreeding techniques, new varieties

摘要:

鱼类等水产品作为蓝色食物,被公认为优质的蛋白源,在保障全球食品和营养安全中发挥重要作用。中国是全球最大的水产养殖国家,其成功经验为世界所瞩目。我国在养殖鱼类中建立了选择育种、杂交育种、多倍体育种、性控育种、转基因育种等技术,开展了鱼类基因编辑和全基因组选择育种实践,并在鱼类生殖干细胞和生殖开关等前沿育种技术方面进行了尝试。利用这些技术创制出养殖鱼类新种质,培育出具有优良性状的养殖鱼类新品系和新品种,驱动和支撑着我国水产养殖的高质量发展。系统综述了生物育种技术在鱼类优良种质创制中的开发和应用,并展望了鱼类生物育种技术的发展前景,旨在推动养殖鱼类新品系和新品种培育,支撑我国水产养殖的高质量发展。

关键词: 养殖鱼类, 遗传育种, 生物育种技术, 新品种

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