Abstract:

This paper describes the general facts of wheat production and developmental history of wheat breeding in China. There have been three main stages of wheat breeding and improvement research since the foundation of new China. The major breeding objectives of stage one (1950s-1960s) are improving disease resistance and yield stability, whereas those of stage two (1970s-1980s) are improving plant height and raising yield potential. The key breeding target of stage three (1990s to the new century) is simultaneous improvement of grain yield and quality. Finally, the recent changes in grain consumption and crop production in China and their impacts on the direction of future wheat breeding and improvement efforts are discussed.

Key words: wheat breeding, development history, future prospects

摘要：

介绍了我国小麦生产发展概况和我国小麦育种的发展历史,包括以抗病稳产为主的育种阶段(20世纪50~60年代)、以矮化高产为主的育种阶段(20世纪70~80年代)和高产与优质育种并进阶段(20世纪90年代~21世纪初);阐述了当前我国对粮食生产需求的新变化及其对今后小麦育种工作的要求和方向。

关键词: 小麦育种;发展历史;未来展望