Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of biochar-based super absorbent on soil moisture and crop growth, this paper studied the effects of different super absorbent on soil moisture and rape growth by homemade biochar-based super absorbent, aluminum box and pot methods. The results showed that the biochar-based super absorbent could effectively improve the soil water-retainting property, rape yield and water use efficiency. Biochar-based super absorbent B had the best effect. Compared to the CK, saturated water content increased 13.54%, soil moisture evaporation rate reduced 31.98%, rape yield increased by 30%~50.1%. The soil water use efficiency increased by 56.7%~110.9%. This study provided references for the development and application of the low cost and high efficient biochar-based super absorbent.

Key words: biochar-based super absorbent, soil moisture, biomass of rape

摘要： 为考察生物炭基保水剂对土壤及作物的作用效果，利用自制的生物炭基保水剂，采用铝盒法和盆栽法探讨了不同种类保水剂对土壤持水保水性能及油菜生长的影响。结果表明：施用生物炭基保水剂可以有效提高土壤的持水保水性能，提高油菜的地上生物量及水分利用效率；生物炭基保水剂B作用效果最优，与对照相比，土壤饱和含水率提高13.54%，土壤水分蒸发速率降低31.98%，油菜地上生物量增加30%~50.1%，土壤水分利用效率提高56.7%~110.9%，本研究可为低成本、高效保水剂的开发及应用提供参考。

关键词: 生物炭基保水剂, 土壤水分, 油菜生物量