Abstract: In order to obtain the antagonistic bacteria to Neopestalotiopsis clavispora, three strains of antagonistic bacteria were identified, namely Bacillus velezensis-17, Bacillus amyloliquefacen-27 and Bacillus subtilis-Y1-7, and the plate confrontation test of indoor target pathogens and the broad-spectrum verification test of biocontrol effect were performed in this paper. The microscopical observation of 10×4  and 10×10 times of the edge mycelium of the bacteriostatic circle was carried out to detect whether the metabolites of the three biocontrol bacteria contained the promoting biomass and lipopeptide active antiviral substances such as indoleacetic acid (IAA) and iron carrier. The pot and field experiments were designed to detect the effects of disease prevention, growth promotion and production increase. The results showed that: the three biocontrol strains had antagonistic effects on the target pathogens and other six pathogens, such as Botrytiscinerea Pers., and the mycelia on the edge of the inhibition zone appeared deformities such as thinning, twisting and increasing branches. The results of color test of fermentation broth showed that IAA and iron carrier were produced by the tested strains, and the crude extracellular extract of the tested strains had the effect of antagonizing N. clavispora. The above results preliminarily proved that the three biocontrol strains had the potential of promoting growth and disease resistance. Pot experiments showed that the prevention effect was better than the therapeutic effect, and the prevention effect of complex antagonistic bacteria was better than each single one, the control effect could be 73.68%. Field experiments showed it was better on both disease control and yield increasing with complex bacteria, the control effect reached 57.18%~66.00% and the yield increase of per hectare reached 12.97%~37.99%. Pot and field experiments showed that the three strains of biocontrol bacteria had the effect of promoting growth, disease control and increasing production respectively, and the compound effect of three strains of biocontrol bacteria was the best.

Key words: strawberry root rot, Neopestalotiopsis clavispora, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus amyloliquefacen, Bacillus subtilis

摘要： 为了获得草莓根腐病病原菌新棒状拟盘多毛孢（Neopestalotiopsis clavispora）的拮抗菌，筛选出3株生防效果好的菌株:贝莱斯芽胞杆菌（Bacillus velezensis-17）、解淀粉芽胞杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefacen-27）和枯草芽胞杆菌（Bacillus subtilis-Y1-7），进行室内目标病原菌的平板对峙试验和生防效果的广谱性验证试验，对抑菌圈边缘菌丝进行10×4倍和10×10倍的显微镜观察，检测3株生防菌的代谢产物中是否含有吲哚乙酸（indoleacetic acid，IAA）和铁载体等促生物质和脂肽活性类抗病物质，并设计盆栽和田间试验检测其防病、促生和增产效果。室内平板对峙试验显示，供试3株生防菌均对目标病原菌及草莓灰霉病等6种病原菌有拮抗效果，抑菌圈边缘菌丝出现变细、扭曲、分支增多等畸形现象。3株生防菌均产生促生物质IAA和铁载体，菌株胞外粗提物具有拮抗拟盘多毛孢的效果，以上结果初步证明3株生防菌均具有促生抗病潜力。盆栽试验表明，同一生防菌的防病效果优于抗病效果，复合菌的防病促生效果优于单一菌株，防治效果高达7368%。田间试验表明，复合菌处理防病增产效果较优，防治效果高达57.18%~66.00%，每公顷增产12.97%~37.99%。盆栽和田间试验印证了3株生防菌分别具有促生防病及增产效果，以3株生防菌复合效果最优。

关键词: 草莓根腐病, 新棒状拟盘多毛孢, 贝莱斯芽胞杆菌, 解淀粉芽胞杆菌, 枯草芽胞杆菌