Abstract: In order to study the effect of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen on morphology and biomass of foxtail millet (Setaria italic L.), and to provide effective references for reasonable selection of suite nitrogen form to foxtail miller, vermiculite cultivation method was adopted with nutrient solution. The results showed that the 2 nitrogen forms could significantly affect the morphology and biomass of foxtail millet, and nitrogen forms had no significant influence on root morphology and spike length. But, there were significant differences in influence of nitrogen form on plant height, biomass, leaf area and leaf chlorophyll content. Compared with ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen increased root weight by 17%, stem weight by 32%, leaf weight by 39%, total biomass by 40%. Besides, nitrate nitrogen increased plant height by 38%, leaf area by 40%. Compared with nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen increased chlorophyll content by 173%, and spike weight by 12%. There were significant differences in root/shoot ratio and spike proportion. Compared with nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen had increased root/shoot ratio by 8% and spike proportion by 44%. The above mentioned results indicated that nitrate nitrogen could significantly promote plant height, leaf area and biomass. While, ammonium nitrogen could significantly stimulate the synthesis of chlorophyll and construction of reproductive organ.

Key words: nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, foxtail millet, morphology, biomass

摘要： 为了明确铵态氮和硝态氮营养对谷子形态和生物量的影响，合理选择谷子施氮形式，采用蛭石浇灌不同氮形态营养液的方法培养谷子植株。结果表明：两种氮形态显著影响了谷子形态和生物量累积，氮形态对根形态、穗长的促进作用无显著差异。氮形态在生物量、株高、叶面积、叶绿素含量方面的影响存在显著差异：相比铵态氮，硝态氮分别提高了17%的根重、32%的茎重、39%的叶重和40%的总生物量，硝态氮还提高了38%的株高和40%的叶面积；相比硝态氮，铵态氮提高了173%的叶绿素含量和12%的穗重。氮形态在根冠比和穗比重也存在极显著差异，相比硝态氮，铵态氮显著提高了8%的根冠比和44%的穗比重。以上结果表明，硝态氮显著促进谷子株高、叶面积、生物量的提高，在株体扩建方面发挥重要的作用，铵态氮显著促进谷子叶绿素合成和生殖器官建成，在功能建成方面发挥重要作用。

关键词: 铵态氮, 硝态氮, 谷子, 形态, 生物量