Abstract: This paper used Illumina 90K SNP chip and capillary high-throughput SSR detection technology to construct fingerprints of 75 wheat cultivars with 384 SNPs and 42 SSRs markers, and compared the characteristics of the two markers on genetic diversity, genetic similarity coefficient and identification ability. the results showed that: the genetic diversity index revealed by SNP markers was significantly lower than that by SSR markers, but it could also better reflect the genetic diversity among the varieties. The genetic similarity coefficient revealed by SNP markers was significantly higher than that of SSR markers, but it showed an extremely significant linear correlation between them. The ability of 384 SNP markers to identify isogenic lines was lower than 42 SSR markers, but after removing the isogenic lines, only 8 SNP or 4 SSR markers were needed to distinguish the remaining 74 wheat cultivars, which showed that the optimal locus combination had higher identification efficiency, and a few markers could be used in the preliminary identification of varieties, and the density of markers could be increased for very similar varieties. In this study, SSR and SNP markers were combined to construct fingerprint for the first time, and the consistency between the two markers was confirmed. The selection idea for marker quantity of molecular identification technology was proposed, which provided important reference for the establishment of DNA identification technology standard of wheat varieties.

Key words: SNP, SSR, wheat cultivars, fingerprint

摘要： 联合利用Illumina 90K SNP芯片和毛细管高通量SSR检测技术，构建75份育成品种384个SNP和42个SSR位点的指纹图谱，比较两种标记在遗传多样性、遗传相似系数和鉴别能力等方面的特征。结果显示，SNP标记揭示的遗传多样性指数明显低于SSR标记，但能较好地反映品种间的遗传多样性；SNP标记揭示的遗传相似系数明显高于SSR标记，但两者呈极显著线性相关；384个SNP位点鉴定近等基因系的能力低于42个SSR位点，但去除近等基因系后，仅需8个SNP或4个SSR位点组合即可区分剩余的74份品种，表明最优位点组合具有较高的鉴定效率，在品种鉴定时可先采用少量标记进行初鉴，对于极近似品种可加大标记密度。首次结合SSR和SNP标记构建指纹图谱，证实了两者之间的一致性，提出了分子身份鉴定技术标记数量的选择思路，为小麦品种DNA身份鉴定技术标准制定提供了重要的参考依据。

关键词: SNP, SSR, 小麦品种, 指纹图谱