Abstract: Based on the long-term consideration of soil environmental issues, the cultivation mode of cotton drip irrigation without film mulching should become an effective way to solve the residual pollution of film in cotton fields of southern Xinjiang. In order to explore the feasibility of the cotton drip irrigation without film mulching in southern Xinjiang, 5 treatments of drip irrigations without film mulching were set, including 27 (I1), 36 (I2), 45 (I3), 54 (I4) and 63 mm (I5), and the irrigation quota (36 mm, I6) of drip irrigation under the mulch drip irrigation was used as the control treatment. The responses of soil moisture distribution, cotton water consumption and yield under different irrigation quotas were studied. The results showed that the soil moisture content of drip irrigation without film mulching cotton field was lower than that of drip irrigation with the mulch when the irrigation quota was the same, while it was increased with the increase of irrigation quota under without film mulching cotton field. The soil moisture content of I5 treatment was increased with the increase of soil depth, while those of I1, I2, I3, and I4 treatments were gradually decreased after reaching a peak at 60 cm soil layer. When the irrigation quota was the same, the yield of seed cotton in the I2 treatment without film was significantly lower than that in the I6 treatment with film, a decrease of 14.25%. And under the cultivation mode of drip irrigation without film, the yields of seed cotton were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of irrigation quota, while the utilization efficiencies of water were gradually decreased with the increase of irrigation quota. The yield of seed cotton in I4 treatment was the highest (5 999.49 kg·hm-2), which was no significant difference with I6. Therefore, combining with the yield of cotton, the suitable irrigation quota for cotton drip irrigation without film mulching was 54 mm, and the irrigation frequency was 10 times during the whole growth stages,  which provided theoretical basis for developing scientific cultivation mode of cotton drip irrigation without film mulching.

Key words: drip irrigation without film mulching, irrigation mode, water consumption law, yield

摘要： 基于长远的土壤环境问题考虑，棉花无膜滴灌栽培模式将成为解决南疆棉田地膜残留污染的有效途径。为了探讨南疆地区棉花无膜滴灌栽培模式的可行性，设置27（I1）、36（I2）、45（I3）、54（I4）和63 mm（I5） 5个无膜滴灌灌水定额处理，并以膜下滴灌灌水定额36 mm（I6）作为对照处理，研究土壤水分分布、棉花耗水及产量等对不同灌水处理的响应。结果表明，相同灌水定额时，无膜滴灌棉田的土壤含水率低于膜下滴灌；无膜滴灌条件下，随着灌水定额的增加土壤含水率呈增加的趋势；其中I5处理的土壤含水率随土壤深度的增加而上升，而I1、I2、I3及I4处理的土壤含水率在60 cm深处达到峰值，之后随深度增加土壤含水量逐渐减少。相同灌水定额时，无膜滴灌I2处理的籽棉产量显著低于膜下滴灌I6处理，减产14.25%。无膜滴灌条件下，籽棉产量随灌水定额的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势，水分利用效率则随着灌水定额的增加逐渐降低。其中，I4处理的籽棉产量最高，与膜下滴灌I6处理间无显著差异。因此，结合产量水平，棉花无膜滴灌的适宜灌水定额为54 mm，灌水次数以10次为宜，为棉花无膜滴灌制定科学的灌溉制度提供了理论依据。

关键词: 无膜滴灌, 灌溉模式, 耗水规律, 产量