Abstract:

The technique of Saccharina japonica cultivation by summering young sporophytes at low temperature (“summer sporeling” technique) was founded in the 1950s and it has still been widely used by Chinese kelp farming industries. Advantages of “summer sporeling” technique lie in several aspects: ①it could provide sufficient supply of seedlings for open sea cultivation; ②it could elongate the growth period of adult plants in the sea possible. However, the present design of re-circulating cold water system gives rise to sperm contamination among different breeds,which will lead to mixture of varieties in production. In this paper, the history of “summer sporeling” technique is reviewed with an emphasis on analyzing the reason and negative results of sperm contamination in application of varieties. Solutions and new designs are proposed. The above information was expected to shed light on improving the current technique towards a more sustainable way.

Key words: Saccharina japonica, “summer sporeling&rdquo, technique, sperm contamination, variety maintenance

摘要：

海带(Saccharina japonica)幼苗低温度夏技术,于上世纪50年代建立,至今仍然是我国海带育苗企业普遍采用的育苗方法。尽管该技术在保障幼苗稳定供给,延长海带生长时间（从而提高产量）方面有突出优点,但与其配套的制冷海水循环系统却存在不同海带品种精子相互污染从而导致品种混杂的问题。简要回顾了我国海带幼苗低温度夏技术的发展历史,重点分析了精子污染问题的成因及其对品种维持的负面影响,并对将来的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为我国今后海带的苗种培育和良种品种维护工作提供多元化思路。

关键词: 海带;“夏苗”技术;精子污染;品种维持