Abstract:

On the upgrade of genome sequencing technology, and various other genome technologies, the excavation of gene resources and molecular breeding are greatly promoted. Along with more and more molecular breeding projects in aquaculture have been started up, studies on gene resources of aquatic animals and molecular breeding have entered into a new phase, and laid a solid foundation for rapid and sustainable development of aquaculture. China has become one of the leaders on genome sequencing of aquaculture animals. However, there is still a big challenge on the technology development either in utilization of gene resources or in R & D of molecular breeding technology. This paper analyzes the international and domestic situation of studying molecular breeding and genetic resources application. It also prospects chances and challenges confronting aquatic animal fields in China and puts forward some suggestions for future development.

Key words: Aquatic animals, genome, gene resources, molecular breeding

摘要：

基因组测序技术及各种组学技术的革命性进步,促进了基因资源发掘和分子育种技术的跨跃式发展。随着越来越多的水产动物基因组项目相继启动,水产动物基因资源和分子育种研发也随之进入快车道,为实现水产资源深度发掘利用和经济动物的批量快速育种奠定了重要的组学基础。我国在水产养殖动物基因组研究方面处于国际领先地位,但基因资源的利用及分子育种技术的研发仍存在巨大挑战。本文分析了农业领域分子育种及基因资源研究的国内外形势,展望了我国水产动物领域面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了一些具体建议以供参考。

关键词: 水产动物;基因组;基因资源;分子育种