氮肥运筹对烤烟养分积累和产质量的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2019.0325

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2020, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 176-185.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2019.0325

• 生物制造资源生态 • 上一篇

氮肥运筹对烤烟养分积累和产质量的影响

杨成翠1,徐照丽2,史普酉1,贾孟1,白羽祥1,朱宣全1,程亚东1,杨焕文1,王戈*

1.云南农业大学烟草学院, 昆明 650201; 2.云南省烟草农业科学研究院, 昆明 650021

收稿日期:2019-04-23 出版日期:2020-06-15 发布日期:2019-07-19
通讯作者: *通信作者王戈 E-mail: wangge302@126.com
作者简介:杨成翠 E-mail： ycjgxcm@163.com；
基金资助:
中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划重点项目(2017YN07)；中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划重点项目(2017YN10)。

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Nutrient Accumulation, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

YANG Chengcui1, XU Zhaoli2, SHI Puyou1, JIA Meng1, BAI Yuxiang1, ZHU Xuanquan1, CHENG Yadong1, YANG Huanwen1, WANG Ge1*

1.College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; 2.Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Science, Kunming 650021, China

Received:2019-04-23 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2019-07-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确在低肥力植烟土壤施用有机肥的基础上减量施用化学氮肥的潜力，通过大田试验，设置氮肥减施20%+3 300 kg·hm-2有机肥（D1）、氮肥减施30%+4 950 kg·hm-2有机肥（D2）、氮肥减施40%+6 600 kg·hm-2有机肥（D3）和常规施肥（CK），共4个处理，研究不同处理对烟株干物质积累、养分累积特性及烟叶产量和质量的影响。结果表明，相较于CK，D1和D2处理增加了烟株干物质积累量，促进氮、磷和钾的吸收及其向烟叶的转移，提高了氮素表观利用率。D1和D2处理均显著提高了烟叶产量，促进内在化学成分协调。除产量外，D2处理各项经济性状指标均显著高于D1处理，D3处理在各方面均显著低于其他处理。综上，低肥力植烟土壤施用有机肥条件下，减氮20%+有机肥3 300 kg·hm-2和减氮30%+有机肥4 950 kg·hm-2均有利于烟株养分吸收及积累，减氮30%+有机肥4 950 kg·hm-2处理最有利于烟叶产质量的形成。

关键词: 烤烟, 减氮, 有机肥, 养分吸收分配, 氮肥表观利用率, 产质量

Abstract: To investigate the potential of reducing the amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer on the basis of applying organic fertilizer in low fertility tobacco planting soil, the field experiment was conducted with local conventional fertilization as control (CK), different nitrogen reduction ratio + organic fertilizer treatments, including chemical fertilizer nitrogen reduction 20% + organic fertilizer 3 300 kg·hm-2 (D1), chemical fertilizer nitrogen reduction 30% + organic fertilizer 4 950 kg·hm-2 (D2), chemical fertilizer nitrogen reduction 40% + organic fertilizer 6 600 kg·hm-2 (D3) were set up. The effects on dry matter accumulation, nutrient accumulation characteristics, yield and quality of tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that compared with CK, in D1 and D2 treatments, the dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants was increased, the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and their transferring to tobacco leaves were promoted, and the apparent utilization rate of nitrogen was improved. In addition, D1 and D2 treatments significantly increased the yield of tobacco leaves and promoted the coordination of internal chemical components. The indexes of economic characters of D2 treatment were significantly higher than those of D1 treatment except for yield. And D3 treatment was significantly lower than other treatments in all aspects. In summary, under the condition of applying organic fertilizer in low fertility tobacco planting soil, nitrogen reduction of 20% + organic fertilizer 3 300 kg·hm-2 and nitrogen reduction 30% + organic fertilizer 4 950 kg·hm-2 were more beneficial for nutrient absorption and accumulation of tobacco plants. The treatment of 30% nitrogen reduction + 4 950 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer was the most beneficial for the formation of yield and quality of tobacco leaves.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, nitrogen reduction, organic fertilizer, nutrient absorption and distribution, apparent nitrogen use efficiency, yield and quality

杨成翠1,徐照丽2,史普酉1,贾孟1,白羽祥1,朱宣全1,程亚东1,杨焕文1,王戈*. 氮肥运筹对烤烟养分积累和产质量的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(6): 176-185.

YANG Chengcui1, XU Zhaoli2, SHI Puyou1, JIA Meng1, BAI Yuxiang1, ZHU Xuanquan1, CHENG Yadong1, YANG Huanwen1, WANG Ge1*. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Nutrient Accumulation, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2020, 22(6): 176-185.

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氮肥运筹对烤烟养分积累和产质量的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Nutrient Accumulation, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

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