混合盐胁迫对白榆幼苗形态及生理指标的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0172

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示混合盐胁迫对白榆幼苗形态及生理指标的影响，以白榆幼苗为试验材料，采用盆栽法，设置6个混合盐（等浓度NaCl和NaHCO₃溶液）浓度［0（CK）、10（T1）、30（T2）、50（T3）、70（T4）、100（T5） mmol·L^-1］对白榆幼苗进行不同时间胁迫处理，分析混合盐胁迫下白榆幼苗的生长及生理指标的变化。结果表明，白榆幼苗生长对盐胁迫反应敏感，当盐浓度（10 mmol·L^-1）较低时即表现出明显的抑制作用，胁迫35 d后，随着盐浓度的升高，白榆幼苗的总生物量、株高及地径增长量均显著降低，当混合盐浓度高于50 mmol·L^-1时，各处理间降幅趋于稳定。不同盐浓度胁迫下，根冠比值均大于对照组；随着盐胁迫程度的加剧，丙二醛含量和相对电导率在不同处理时间下均逐渐增大，而可溶性糖、过氧化物酶及超氧化物歧化酶均呈现先升高后降低的趋势；不同处理时间下，叶绿素含量随着盐胁迫浓度的增加显著降低，混合盐浓度为100 mmol·L^-1时，不同处理时间下叶绿素含量均为最小值。混合盐胁迫对白榆幼苗的生长具有一定程度的抑制作用，但白榆幼苗可通过渗透调节及提高保护酶活性主动适应逆境，从而表现出较强的抗盐能力。研究结果旨在为白榆在盐碱地区的种植提供理论依据和技术参考。

关键词: 白榆幼苗, 混合盐胁迫, 生长指标, 生理指标

Abstract:

To reveal the effect of mixed salt stress on the morphology and physiological indexes of Ulmus pumila seedlings， taking Ulmus pumila seedlings as experimental materials， this paper used potted method， and designed 6 mixed salt （isometric NaCl and NaHCO₃ solutions） concentration treatment［0 （CK）， 10 （T1）， 30 （T2）， 50 （T3） 70 （T4）， 100 （T5） mmol·L^-1］ to stress the Ulmus pumila seedlings at different time. The growth and physiological indexes of Ulmus pumila seedlings under mixed salt stress were analyzed. The results showed that the growth of Ulmus pumila seedlings was sensitive to salt stress. When the salt concentration was low （10 mmol·L^-1）， it showed obvious inhibitory effect. After stressed for 35 d， the total biomass，height， and ground diameter growth of the Ulmus pumila seedlings significantly decreased with the increase of salt concentration. When the mixed salt concentration was more than 50 mmol·L^-1， the decreasing range among treatments tended to be stable. Under different salt concentration stress， the ratio of root to shoot was higher than that of the control group. With the increase of salt stress， the content of malondialdehyde and relative conductivity gradually increased at different treatment time. While the soluble sugar， peroxidase and super oxidation dismutase showed trends of increasing first and then decreasing. Under different treatment time，the chlorophyll content significantly decreased with the increase of the salt stress concentration. When the mixed salt concentration was 100 mmol·L^-1， the chlorophyll content at different treatment time was the minimum. Mixed salt stress could inhibit the growth of Ulmus pumila seedlings to a certain extent. However， Ulmus pumila seedlings could actively adapt to adversity through osmotic adjustment and improve the activity of protective enzymes， thus showing strong salt resistance. The results of this study provided theoretical basis and technical reference for the cultivation of Ulmus pumila in saline-alkali areas.

Key words: Ulmus pumila seedlings, mixed salt stress, growth index, physiological index

中图分类号:

S792.19

郝艳玲, 闫伟. 混合盐胁迫对白榆幼苗形态及生理指标的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(7): 69-76.

Yanling HAO, Wei YAN. Effects of Mixed Salt Stress on Morphological and Physiological Indexes of Ulmus pumila Seedlings[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(7): 69-76.

图/表 5

图1 混合盐胁迫下白榆幼苗的株高增长量和地径增长量注：柱形图标上方不同小写字母表示不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig.1 Plant height growth and ground diameter growth of Ulmus pumila seedlings under mixed salt stressNote： Different small letters above bar indicate significant difference among the different treatments at the P<0.05 level.

表1 混合盐胁迫下白榆幼苗的生物量和盐耐受系数

Table1 Biomass and salt tolerance coefficient of Ulmus pumila seedlings under different mixed salt stress

处理 Treatment	总生物量 Total biomass/g	根部干重 Root dry weight/g	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	盐耐受系数 Salt tolerance coefficient
CK	2.43±0.05 a	1.29±0.03 a	1.13±0.01 a	1.00±0.00 a
T1	1.72±0.14 b	0.96±0.11 b	1.28±0.12 a	0.71±0.04 b
T2	1.27±0.12 c	0.70±0.07 c	1.22±0.03 a	0.52±0.06 c
T3	1.12±0.09 c	0.65±0.08 c	1.37±0.21 a	0.46±0.03 c
T4	1.08±0.18 c	0.63±0.09 c	1.42±0.08 a	0.45±0.08 c
T5	0.97±0.02 c	0.55±0.03 c	1.31±0.13 a	0.40±0.02 c

图2 混合盐胁迫下白榆幼苗MDA含量及SS含量的变化注：不同小写字母表示同一时间不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig.2 Changes of MDA content and SS content of Ulmus pumila seedlings under mixed salt stressNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference among the different treatments of the same time at the P<0.05 level.

图3 混合盐胁迫下白榆幼苗SOD活性及POD活性的变化注：不同小写字母表示同一时间不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig.3 Changes of SOD and POD activities of Ulmus pumila seedlings under mixed salt stressNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference among the different treatments of the same time at the P<0.05 level.

图4 混合盐胁迫下白榆幼苗相对电导率及叶绿素含量的变化注：不同小写字母表示同一时间不同处理在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig.4 Changes of relative conductivity and chlorophyll content of Ulmus pumila seedlings under mixed salt stressNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference among the different treatments of the same time at the P<0.05 level.

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