智慧农业信息服务发展的国际经验与启示

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0764

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 9-18.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0764

智慧农业信息服务发展的国际经验与启示

郑建华¹(), 赵瑞雪¹(), 赵华¹, 李思经², 王国刚²

^1.中国农业科学院农业信息研究所，国家新闻出版署农业融合出版知识挖掘与知识服务重点实验室，北京 100081
^2.中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081

收稿日期:2021-09-01 接受日期:2021-11-22 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2022-06-21
通讯作者: 赵瑞雪
作者简介:郑建华E-mail：zhengjianhua@caas.cn；
基金资助:
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-AII);中国工程科技知识中心建设项目(CKCEST-2020-1-20);中国工程院重大咨询研究项目(2019-ZD-5)

International Experience and Enlightenment on Development of Smart Agricultural Information Services

Jianhua ZHENG¹(), Ruixue ZHAO¹(), Hua ZHAO¹, Sijing LI², Guogang WANG²

^1.Key Laboratory of Knowledge Mining and Knowledge Services in Agricultural Converging Publishing，National Press and Publication Administration； Agricultural Information Institute，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China
^2.Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China

Received:2021-09-01 Accepted:2021-11-22 Online:2022-06-15 Published:2022-06-21
Contact: Ruixue ZHAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大数据、物联网、云计算、智能装备等新兴技术与农业快速融合，推动农业向智慧化发展。在全球农业现代化发展背景下，智慧农业信息服务成为高效、精准化农业生产的重要支撑。针对我国农业信息服务存在服务体系不完善、服务渠道不畅通、农业信息化水平区域差异性大、信息服务供需不平衡、信息化服务人才匮乏等问题，总结分析美国、西欧、日本、韩国等农业发达国家或地区在农业信息服务体系建设、农业信息服务模式以及智慧农业信息服务发展等方面的有益经验与做法，结合我国智慧农业发展的要求，提出我国智慧农业信息服务发展应注重政府在农业信息服务中的主导地位、重视农业信息服务领域法律法规和标准建设、强化农业信息服务基础设施和网络体系建设、借助新兴信息技术打造智慧型农业信息服务模式、不断提升农户及涉农企业等经营主体的信息素养和建设社会化农业信息服务体系等对策建议。

关键词: 智慧农业, 信息服务, 发达国家, 发展建议

Abstract:

The combinations of emerging technologies，such as big data， internet of things， cloud computing， intelligent equipment and agriculture promote the development of agriculture to intelligence. In the context of global modernization of agriculture， smart agricultural information service can support the efficient and precision agricultural production. Regarding the current problems of agricultural information services development in China， such as imperfect service system， blocked service channels， regional differences in agricultural informationization， unbalanced information supply and demand， and lack of information service talents， it is of great significance to clarify the solutions. The agricultural information service system construction， service mode and intelligent development in the United States， Western European countries， Japan and the Republic of Korea were reviewed， according to the requirement of smart agriculture development in China， 6 enlightenments to smart agricultural information service development in China were suggested， which were to pay attention to the leading position of the government， strengthen the construction of laws， regulations and standards， enhance the construction of infrastructure， build the smart information service pattern， improve information literacy of farmers and agricultural related enterprises and develop socialized agricultural information service system.

Key words: smart agriculture, information service, developed countries, development proposals

中图分类号:

S126

郑建华, 赵瑞雪, 赵华, 李思经, 王国刚. 智慧农业信息服务发展的国际经验与启示[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(6): 9-18.

Jianhua ZHENG, Ruixue ZHAO, Hua ZHAO, Sijing LI, Guogang WANG. International Experience and Enlightenment on Development of Smart Agricultural Information Services[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(6): 9-18.

图/表 3

表1 农业生产经营人员年龄及受教育程度构成情况

Table 1 Composition of age and education level of employees in agriculture

项目 Item		全国 Nationwide	东部地区 East area	中部地区 Middle area	西部地区 West area	东北地区 Northeast area
农业生产经营人员总数 Employment in agriculture/10⁸		314.22	87.46	98.09	107.34	21.33
年龄构成 Age composition/%	≤35	19.2	17.6	18.0	21.9	17.6
	36~54	47.3	44.5	47.7	48.6	49.8
	≥55	33.6	37.9	34.4	29.5	32.6
受教育程度构成 Education level/%	未上过学 Illiteracy	6.4	5.3	5.7	8.7	1.9
	小学 Primary school	37.0	32.5	32.7	44.7	36.1
	初中 Junior high school	48.4	52.5	52.6	39.9	55.0
	高中或中专 High school	7.1	8.5	7.9	5.4	5.6
	大专及以上 College and above	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.4

图1 我国城乡网民结构及互联网普及率注：数据来源第48次《中国互联网发展状况统计报告》。

Fig. 1 Composition of urban and rural netizens and internet access rate in ChinaNote：Data come from the 48thStatistical Report on China’s Internet Development.

图2 全国不同区域 IPv4 持有比例注：数据来源第48次《中国互联网发展状况统计报告》。

Fig. 2 Proportions of IPv4 network in different regions of ChinaNote：Data come from the 48thStatistical Report on China’s Internet Development.

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智慧农业信息服务发展的国际经验与启示

International Experience and Enlightenment on Development of Smart Agricultural Information Services

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