微生物燃料电池处理奶牛场污水运行效果与产电性能试验研究

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0852

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 134-143.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0852

微生物燃料电池处理奶牛场污水运行效果与产电性能试验研究

刘璐¹(), 陶秀萍²(), 宋建超², 尚斌¹, 徐文倩¹, 董红敏¹, 蔡阳扬¹

^1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，农业农村部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室，北京 100081
^2.中国农业科学院都市农业研究所，成都 610000

收稿日期:2021-10-06 接受日期:2022-01-18 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-19
通讯作者: 陶秀萍
作者简介:刘璐 E-mail：467742708@qq.com；
基金资助:
财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-36);北京市奶牛产业创新团队项目(BAIC06-2020);中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新项目(CAAS-XTCX2016011-01)

Bench-scale Study on Operation Effect and Power Generation Performance Treatment of Dairy Farms Wastewater by Microbial Fuel Cell

Lu LIU¹(), Xiuping TAO²(), Jianchao SONG², Bin SHANG¹, Wenqian XU¹, Hongmin DONG¹, Yangyang CAI¹

^1.Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management in Agricultural Structures，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs； Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China
^2.Institute of Urban Agriculture，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Chengdu 610000

Received:2021-10-06 Accepted:2022-01-18 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-19
Contact: Xiuping TAO

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨微生物燃料电池（microbial fuel cell，MFC）应用于奶牛场污水处理技术的可行性，通过构建双室型和单室型MFC反应装置，以奶牛场污水为阳极反应液，对MFC的产电性能以及污水中主要污染物的降解效果进行研究。结果表明，单室型和双室型MFC均可稳定地产电运行，平均日最大输出电压分别为563.8和390.8 mV，最大功率密度分别为48.5和21.7 mW·m^-2，表观内阻分别为346.4和489.5 Ω，且单室型MFC产电性能优于双室型；单室型和双室型MFC对奶牛场污水中化学需氧量（chemical oxygen demand，COD）的平均去除率分别为79.3%和77.4%；单室型MFC对总磷（total phosphorus，TP）、总氮（total nitrogen，TN）和氨氮（ammonia nitrogen，NH $4 +$ -N）的平均去除率分别为70.9%、65.4%和78.9%，分别比双室型MFC相应去除率高101.4%、24.3%和21.0%，单室型MFC对污染物去除率优于双室型MFC。MFC作为一种污水处理新方法，用于奶牛场污水处理具有技术可行性，其在降解奶牛场污水中有机物和氮磷污染物的同时能够产生电能，在实现节能减排、碳达峰和碳中和方面具有广阔前景。

关键词: 微生物燃料电池, 产电, 降解, 奶牛场污水, 有机物

Abstract:

In order to investigate the feasibility of applying microbial fuel cell （MFC） to dairy farm wastewater treatment technology， a dual-chamber and a single-chamber MFC reaction device were constructed. Dairy farm wastewater was used as the anode reaction liquid， and its electrical performance and degradation effect of main pollutants in sewage were studied. The results showed that both single-chamber and dual-chamber MFC could operate stably with electricity， the average maximum output voltage was 563.8 and 390.8 mV， the maximum power density was 48.5 and 21.7 mW·m^-2， and the apparent internal resistance was 346.4 and 489.5 Ω， respectively， and the single-chamber MFC had better power generation performance than the dual-chamber MFC. The average removal rates of chemical oxygen demand （COD） in daily farm wastewater by single-chamber MFC and dual-chamber MFC were 79.3% and 77.4%， respectively. The average removal rates of total phosphorus （TP）， total nitrogen （TN） and ammonia nitrogen （NH $4 +$ -N） by single-chamber MFC were 70.9%， 65.4% and 78.9%， respectively. The corresponding removal rates were 101.4%， 24.3% and 21.0% higher than those of dual-chamber MFC， respectively， the pollutant removal rate of single-chamber MFC was superior to the dual-chamber MFC. MFC as a new method of wastewater treatment is technical feasibility for dairy wastewater treatment， it can generate electricity while degrading organic matter， nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in dairy wastewater， and has broad prospects in achieving energy saving， carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Key words: microbial fuel cell, electricity production, degradation, dairy sewage, organic matter

中图分类号:

X713

刘璐, 陶秀萍, 宋建超, 尚斌, 徐文倩, 董红敏, 蔡阳扬. 微生物燃料电池处理奶牛场污水运行效果与产电性能试验研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(4): 134-143.

Lu LIU, Xiuping TAO, Jianchao SONG, Bin SHANG, Wenqian XU, Hongmin DONG, Yangyang CAI. Bench-scale Study on Operation Effect and Power Generation Performance Treatment of Dairy Farms Wastewater by Microbial Fuel Cell[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(4): 134-143.

图/表 8

图1 微生物燃料电池反应器结构

Fig.1 Structure of microbial fuel cell reactor

表1 MFC阳极进水水质特性

Table 1 Inlet water quality characteristics of microbial fuel cell

化学需氧量

Chemical oxygen demand/（mg·L ^-1 ）

总磷

Total phosphorus/（mg·L ^-1 ）

总氮

Total nitrogen/ （mg·L ^-1 ）

氨氮

Ammonia nitrogen/（mg·L ^-1 ）

电导率

Conductivity value/ （μS·cm^-1）

图2 试验期间日最大输出电压和水温变化情况

Fig.2 Profile of daily maximum output voltage and water temperature during experimental period

图3 极化曲线及功率密度曲线

Fig.3 Polarization curve and Power density curve

图4 MFC阳极反应液中污染物的含量

Fig.4 Content of contaminants in MFC anode reaction solution

表2 MFC对污水主要污染物的平均去除率 (%)

Table 2 Average effluent water removal rate of MFC

MFC反应器腔室

MFC reactor chamber

COD

4 +

-N

双室型MFC

Dual-chamber MFC

单室型MFC

Single-chamber MFC

表2 MFC对污水主要污染物的平均去除率 (%)

Table 2 Average effluent water removal rate of MFC

MFC反应器腔室

MFC reactor chamber

COD

4 +

-N

双室型MFC

Dual-chamber MFC

77.4±1.8 a

35.2±15.8 b

51.8±4.1 b

65.2±2.1 b

单室型MFC

Single-chamber MFC

79.3±2.0 a

70.9±5.2 a

65.4±1.5 a

78.9±1.2 a

图5 MFC中pH和电导率的变化

Fig.5 Changes in pH during MFC operation

表3 试验期间库伦效率的变化情况 (%)

Table 3 Profile of Coulomb efficiency during test time

MFC反应器腔室

MFC reactor chamber

平均值

Average value

双室型MFC

Dual-chamber MFC

单室型MFC

Single-chamber MFC

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微生物燃料电池处理奶牛场污水运行效果与产电性能试验研究

Bench-scale Study on Operation Effect and Power Generation Performance Treatment of Dairy Farms Wastewater by Microbial Fuel Cell

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