不同施药方式对板栗红蜘蛛田间防效和效益分析

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1011

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 139-146.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1011

• 动植物健康 • 上一篇

不同施药方式对板栗红蜘蛛田间防效和效益分析

王建华¹^,²(), 温晓蕾¹^,²(), 栗佳宁¹^,², 郭思柔¹^,², 赵春明², 母时风¹^,², 赵德轩¹^,², 齐慧霞¹^,²()

^1.板栗产业技术教育部工程研究中心，河北秦皇岛 066004
^2.河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院，河北省作物逆境生物学重点实验室（筹），河北昌黎 066600

收稿日期:2022-11-20 接受日期:2023-03-10 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-07-13
通讯作者: 齐慧霞
作者简介:王建华 E-mail：1107941082@qq.com
温晓蕾 E-mail：xiaoleiwen@sina.com第一联系人：王建华和温晓蕾为共同第一作者。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000700);河北省教育厅平台项目（河北省板栗产业协同创新中心-2021-2023）

Field Control Efficacy and Cost Analysis of Different Spraying Methods for Control of Oligonychus ununguis （Jacobi）

Jianhua WANG¹^,²(), Xiaolei WEN¹^,²(), Jianing LI¹^,², Sirou GUO¹^,², Chunming ZHAO², Shifeng MU¹^,², Dexuan ZHAO¹^,², Huixia QI¹^,²()

^1.Engineering Research Center of Chestnut Industry Technology，Ministry of Education，Hebei Qinhuangdao 066004，China
^2.Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology of Hebei Province； College of Agronomy and Biotechnology，Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology，Hebei Changli 066600，China

Received:2022-11-20 Accepted:2023-03-10 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-07-13
Contact: Huixia QI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了筛选对防治板栗红蜘蛛安全有效的杀螨剂以及明确植保无人机喷药的防治效果和防治成本，选用6种杀螨剂进行室内及田间小区试验。结果表明，通过室内和田间杀螨剂筛选试验，20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂1 000倍稀释液对板栗红蜘蛛的防效最好，药后3和14 d的防效分别为100%和97.80%；其次为24%螺螨酯悬浮剂和40%丙溴磷乳油分别稀释3 000和550倍、36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂2 500倍稀释液和10%阿维菌素悬浮剂7 000倍稀释液，其药后1、3、14 d的防效达88.59%~99.39%。筛选出的药剂组合具有见效快、药效时间长的特点，在生产上可以轮换、交替使用。使用植保无人机喷施20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂1 000倍稀释液（有效成分用药量为136 g·hm^-2），加入450 mL·hm^-2橙皮精油助剂，其14 d防效可达到97%以上，相比人工背负式电动喷药雾和人工拖管机械喷雾分别可节约成本38.93%和45.24%。

关键词: 板栗红蜘蛛, 杀螨剂, 无人机, 防治效果, 成本分析

Abstract:

In order to screen safe and effective acaricides for the control of Oligonychus ununguis （Jacobi） and clarify the control effect and cost of plant protection UAV spraying， six acaricides were screened by indoor and field tests. The results showed that the dilution of 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC with 1 000 times had the best control effect aganist O. ununguis， and the control effect on 3 and 14 d after treatment were 100% and 97.80%， respectively. 24% Spirodiclofen SC+40% propionate EC diluted by 3 000+550 times， 36% bifenazide·spiromite SC diluted by 2 500 times and 10% abamectin SC diluted by 7 000 times could also provide good control effects， which the control effects after treatment 1，3 and 14 d were ranged 88.59%~99.39%. The screened formulations had the characteristics of quick response and long duration， which could be rotated and used alternately in agricultural practice. When drone spraying was applied to spray the dilution of 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC diluted by 1 000 times （the dose rate of effective ingredient was 136 g·hm^-2）， and orange peel oil was added to the spraying solution with the rate of 450 mL·hm^-2， the control effect could reach more than 97% after 14 d. Compared with electric knapsack spraying and engine-operated portable sprayer spraying， the cost of drone spraying could be saved by 38.93% and 45.24%， respectively.

Key words: Oligonychus ununguis, acaricide, drone, control effect, cost analysis

中图分类号:

S664.2

王建华, 温晓蕾, 栗佳宁, 郭思柔, 赵春明, 母时风, 赵德轩, 齐慧霞. 不同施药方式对板栗红蜘蛛田间防效和效益分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(5): 139-146.

Jianhua WANG, Xiaolei WEN, Jianing LI, Sirou GUO, Chunming ZHAO, Shifeng MU, Dexuan ZHAO, Huixia QI. Field Control Efficacy and Cost Analysis of Different Spraying Methods for Control of Oligonychus ununguis （Jacobi）[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(5): 139-146.

图/表 7

参考文献 14

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供试药剂Acaricide for test	稀释倍数Dilution time
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC	500、1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500
29%石硫合剂水剂29% calcium polysulfide AS	0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.9^*
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂10% avermectin SC	7 000、8 000、9 000、10 000、11 000
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC	4 500、5 500、6 500、7 500、8 500
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂20% etoxazole SC	2 500、3 000、3 500、4 000、4 500
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC	3 000+550、4 000+650、5 000+750、6 000+850、7 000+950
对照CK	—

供试药剂Acaricide for test	稀释倍数Dilution time
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC	500、1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500
29%石硫合剂水剂29% calcium polysulfide AS	0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.9^*
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂10% avermectin SC	7 000、8 000、9 000、10 000、11 000
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC	4 500、5 500、6 500、7 500、8 500
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂20% etoxazole SC	2 500、3 000、3 500、4 000、4 500
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC	3 000+550、4 000+650、5 000+750、6 000+850、7 000+950
对照CK	—

处理编号Treatment code	供试药剂Acaricide for test	稀释倍数Dilution time
1	20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC	1 000
2	29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS	0.1^*
3	10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC	7 000
4	36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC	2 500
5	20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC	3 500
6	24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC	3 000+550
7	对照CK	—

处理编号Treatment code	供试药剂Acaricide for test	稀释倍数Dilution time
1	20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC	1 000
2	29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS	0.1^*
3	10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC	7 000
4	36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC	2 500
5	20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC	3 500
6	24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC	3 000+550
7	对照CK	—

杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	药后24 h 24 h after application		药后48 h 48 h after application		药后72 h 72 h after application
杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC	500	61.33±10.14	99.2±0.8	99.2±0.8 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	1 000	59.00±7.21	97.9±1.4	97.9±1.4 ABab	99.5±0.5	99.5±0.5 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	1 500	64.33±7.12	95.3±0.7	95.2±0.8 ABbc	98.5±0.8	98.0±1.1 ABab	99.6±0.4	99.3±0.7 ABa
	2 000	69.67±8.84	93.5±1.2	93.4±2.0 BCc	97.0±0.3	96.4±0.7 BCb	98.9±0.6	98.6±0.8 ABa
	2 500	51.33±1.45	89.7±1.1	89.4±1.1 Cd	94.8±0.6	93.9±0.2 Cc	97.4±0.6	96.8±0.7 Bb
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC	7 000	54.33±1.45	97.5±0.6	97.5±0.6 Aa	99.4±0.6	99.4±0.6 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	8 000	48.67±4.63	94.5±0.4	94.4±0.4 Bb	98.7±0.7	98.3±0.9 Aa	99.4±0.6	99.3±0.7 Aa
	9 000	64.67±2.33	92.8±0.4	92.6±0.5 Bb	97.5±0.5	96.8±0.8 Aa	99.0±0.5	98.6±0.7 Aa
	10 000	60.33±1.45	86.8±0.6	86.5±0.6 Cc	92.8±0.4	91.4±0.7 Bb	96.7±0.1	95.8±0.6 Bb
	11 000	70.00±14.42	82.1±0.7	81.7±0.9 Dd	90.1±0.2	88.0±1.3 Bc	94.0±0.8	92.6±0.7 Cc
29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS	0.1^*	61.33±8.84	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	0.3^*	61.67±3.38	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	0.5^*	88.67±3.84	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	0.7^*	57.67±3.28	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	0.9^*	63.33±7.31	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa

不同施药方式对板栗红蜘蛛田间防效和效益分析

Field Control Efficacy and Cost Analysis of Different Spraying Methods for Control of Oligonychus ununguis （Jacobi）

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参考文献 14

相关文章 12

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Metrics

杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数 Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	药后1 d 1 d after application		药后3 d 3 d after application		药后14 d 14 d after application
杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数 Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	虫口减退率Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC	1 000	87.00±4.93	94.50±2.91	94.17±3.11 Aa	100.00±0.00	100.00±0.00 Aa	97.60±0.51	97.80±0.45 Aa
29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS	0.1^*	49.25±3.57	88.27±2.90	86.99±3.17 ABa	96.60±1.38	96.16±1.53 Aa	78.76±2.42	80.39±2.36 Cc
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC	7 000	49.75±1.60	95.01±1.21	94.56±1.17 Aa	98.95±0.61	98.80±0.69 Aa	87.55±1.41	88.59±1.08 Bb
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC	2 500	57.75±8.29	91.22±3.35	90.25±3.68 Aa	98.14±0.85	97.80±1.05 Aa	94.67±0.68	95.07±0.68 Aa
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC	3 500	47.00±2.35	74.14±6.71	72.04±6.86 Bb	87.31±4.49	85.11±5.44 Bb	96.89±0.63	97.16±0.53 Aa
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC	3 000+550	52.50±3.23	95.64±1.79	94.92±2.16 Aa	99.51±0.49	99.39±0.61 Aa	95.05±0.78	95.48±0.62 Aa
对照CK	—	88.00±12.94	9.59±3.67	—	12.08±2.65	—	-8.61±2.28	—

施药方式 Application method	药前基数 Initial population number	药后1 d 1 d after application		药后2 d 2 d after application		药后14 d 14 d after application
施药方式 Application method	药前基数 Initial population number	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%
无人机喷药 Drone spraying	2 374.33±831.56	59.90±2.83	61.45±2.24 Aa	89.93±1.69	91.20±1.37 Aa	95.98±0.88	97.77±0.52 Aa
人工背负式电动喷药 Electric knapsack sprayer	509.33±154.49	80.28±1.88	80.99±1.90 Bb	83.25±2.77	83.07±4.43 Aa	83.56±1.34	90.58±1.02 Bb
人工拖管机械喷药 Engine-operated portable sprayer	820.67±22.59	81.19±1.91	81.88±1.88 Bb	90.87±4.56	91.97±3.98 Aa	98.56±0.66	99.19±0.37 Aa
对照CK	527.67±41.73	-3.88±1.63	—	-13.94±1.92	—	-82.30±4.47	—

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杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	药后24 h 24 h after application		药后48 h 48 h after application		药后72 h 72 h after application
杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC	4 500	69.67±8.09	64.5±4.0	63.7±3.8 Aa	79.3±1.5	75.2±1.3 Aa	93.3±2.2	90.8±4.1 Aa
	5 500	68.00±6.66	61.8±2.6	60.8±3.2 Aab	71.7±6.2	66.2±7.0 Aab	90.3±1.9	87.6±2.7 ABa
	6 500	57.00±2.65	58.0±2.1	57.1±2.2 Aabc	69.4±5.1	62.6±7.3 Aab	82.6±1.8	78.1±2.7 BCb
	7 500	80.33±4.98	50.3±4.3	49.1±4.3 Abc	63.9±1.6	56.5±3.2 Ab	78.2±2.3	72.9±0.8 Cbc
	8 500	58.33±4.33	46.5±5.2	45.3±4.9 Ac	62.3±6.2	55.9±2.6 Ab	74.6±3.6	68.8±0.9 Cc
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC	2 500	74.67±2.91	79.6±2.4	79.1±2.7 Aa	89.7±1.1	87.8±0.6 Aa	97.3±1.4	97.0±1.5 Aa
	3 000	52.00±1.53	73.0±1.7	72.3±1.9 Aab	83.3±2.4	79.8±3.4 Aa	94.8±2.4	93.4±2.9 Aab
	3 500	53.33±3.38	71.0±2.4	70.4±2.3 Aab	80.7±4.3	77.0±4.6 Aa	92.6±2.7	91.4±2.8 Aab
	4 000	63.00±1.73	69.8±2.4	69.1±2.4 Ab	82.5±2.5	78.3±5.4 Aa	92.5±2.1	90.8±1.9 Aab
	4 500	70.67±0.88	68.4±3.2	67.6±3.6 Ab	81.6±2.3	77.3±4.4 Aa	90.1±2.1	87.3±3.6 Ab
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC	3 000+550	40.67±5.81	97.8±1.4	97.7±1.4 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	4 000+650	37.00±2.00	94.7±1.3	94.5±1.4 ABab	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	5 000+750	45.33±7.84	92.1±2.3	91.9±2.3 ABabc	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	6 000+850	33.00±2.08	87.4±4.8	87.2±4.7 ABbc	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	7 000+950	49.33±4.70	84.7±1.9	84.3±2.1 Bc	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
对照CK	—	74.00±10.53	2.2±1.3	—	15.7±9.1	—	19.2±9.4	—

杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	药后24 h 24 h after application		药后48 h 48 h after application		药后72 h 72 h after application
杀螨剂 Acaricide	稀释倍数Dilution time	药前基数 Initial population number	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率 Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%	虫口减退率Decrease rate/%	防治效果 Control efficacy/%
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC	4 500	69.67±8.09	64.5±4.0	63.7±3.8 Aa	79.3±1.5	75.2±1.3 Aa	93.3±2.2	90.8±4.1 Aa
	5 500	68.00±6.66	61.8±2.6	60.8±3.2 Aab	71.7±6.2	66.2±7.0 Aab	90.3±1.9	87.6±2.7 ABa
	6 500	57.00±2.65	58.0±2.1	57.1±2.2 Aabc	69.4±5.1	62.6±7.3 Aab	82.6±1.8	78.1±2.7 BCb
	7 500	80.33±4.98	50.3±4.3	49.1±4.3 Abc	63.9±1.6	56.5±3.2 Ab	78.2±2.3	72.9±0.8 Cbc
	8 500	58.33±4.33	46.5±5.2	45.3±4.9 Ac	62.3±6.2	55.9±2.6 Ab	74.6±3.6	68.8±0.9 Cc
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC	2 500	74.67±2.91	79.6±2.4	79.1±2.7 Aa	89.7±1.1	87.8±0.6 Aa	97.3±1.4	97.0±1.5 Aa
	3 000	52.00±1.53	73.0±1.7	72.3±1.9 Aab	83.3±2.4	79.8±3.4 Aa	94.8±2.4	93.4±2.9 Aab
	3 500	53.33±3.38	71.0±2.4	70.4±2.3 Aab	80.7±4.3	77.0±4.6 Aa	92.6±2.7	91.4±2.8 Aab
	4 000	63.00±1.73	69.8±2.4	69.1±2.4 Ab	82.5±2.5	78.3±5.4 Aa	92.5±2.1	90.8±1.9 Aab
	4 500	70.67±0.88	68.4±3.2	67.6±3.6 Ab	81.6±2.3	77.3±4.4 Aa	90.1±2.1	87.3±3.6 Ab
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC	3 000+550	40.67±5.81	97.8±1.4	97.7±1.4 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	4 000+650	37.00±2.00	94.7±1.3	94.5±1.4 ABab	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	5 000+750	45.33±7.84	92.1±2.3	91.9±2.3 ABabc	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	6 000+850	33.00±2.08	87.4±4.8	87.2±4.7 ABbc	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
	7 000+950	49.33±4.70	84.7±1.9	84.3±2.1 Bc	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa	100.0±0.0	100.0±0.0 Aa
对照CK	—	74.00±10.53	2.2±1.3	—	15.7±9.1	—	19.2±9.4	—