中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 139-146.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.1011
• 动植物健康 • 上一篇
王建华1,2(), 温晓蕾1,2(
), 栗佳宁1,2, 郭思柔1,2, 赵春明2, 母时风1,2, 赵德轩1,2, 齐慧霞1,2(
)
收稿日期:
2022-11-20
接受日期:
2023-03-10
出版日期:
2023-05-20
发布日期:
2023-07-13
通讯作者:
齐慧霞
作者简介:
王建华 E-mail:1107941082@qq.com基金资助:
Jianhua WANG1,2(), Xiaolei WEN1,2(
), Jianing LI1,2, Sirou GUO1,2, Chunming ZHAO2, Shifeng MU1,2, Dexuan ZHAO1,2, Huixia QI1,2(
)
Received:
2022-11-20
Accepted:
2023-03-10
Online:
2023-05-20
Published:
2023-07-13
Contact:
Huixia QI
摘要:
为了筛选对防治板栗红蜘蛛安全有效的杀螨剂以及明确植保无人机喷药的防治效果和防治成本,选用6种杀螨剂进行室内及田间小区试验。结果表明,通过室内和田间杀螨剂筛选试验,20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂1 000倍稀释液对板栗红蜘蛛的防效最好,药后3和14 d的防效分别为100%和97.80%;其次为24%螺螨酯悬浮剂和40%丙溴磷乳油分别稀释3 000和550倍、36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂2 500倍稀释液和10%阿维菌素悬浮剂7 000倍稀释液,其药后1、3、14 d的防效达88.59%~99.39%。筛选出的药剂组合具有见效快、药效时间长的特点,在生产上可以轮换、交替使用。使用植保无人机喷施20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂1 000倍稀释液(有效成分用药量为136 g·hm-2),加入450 mL·hm-2橙皮精油助剂,其14 d防效可达到97%以上,相比人工背负式电动喷药雾和人工拖管机械喷雾分别可节约成本38.93%和45.24%。
中图分类号:
王建华, 温晓蕾, 栗佳宁, 郭思柔, 赵春明, 母时风, 赵德轩, 齐慧霞. 不同施药方式对板栗红蜘蛛田间防效和效益分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(5): 139-146.
Jianhua WANG, Xiaolei WEN, Jianing LI, Sirou GUO, Chunming ZHAO, Shifeng MU, Dexuan ZHAO, Huixia QI. Field Control Efficacy and Cost Analysis of Different Spraying Methods for Control of Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi)[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(5): 139-146.
供试药剂Acaricide for test | 稀释倍数Dilution time |
---|---|
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 500、1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500 |
29%石硫合剂水剂29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.9* |
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂10% avermectin SC | 7 000、8 000、9 000、10 000、11 000 |
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 4 500、5 500、6 500、7 500、8 500 |
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂20% etoxazole SC | 2 500、3 000、3 500、4 000、4 500 |
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550、4 000+650、5 000+750、6 000+850、7 000+950 |
对照CK | — |
表1 室内试验供试药剂及使用量
Table 1 Laboratory test acaricides and contents
供试药剂Acaricide for test | 稀释倍数Dilution time |
---|---|
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 500、1 000、1 500、2 000、2 500 |
29%石硫合剂水剂29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1、0.3、0.5、0.7、0.9* |
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂10% avermectin SC | 7 000、8 000、9 000、10 000、11 000 |
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 4 500、5 500、6 500、7 500、8 500 |
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂20% etoxazole SC | 2 500、3 000、3 500、4 000、4 500 |
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550、4 000+650、5 000+750、6 000+850、7 000+950 |
对照CK | — |
处理编号Treatment code | 供试药剂Acaricide for test | 稀释倍数Dilution time |
---|---|---|
1 | 20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 1 000 |
2 | 29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1* |
3 | 10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC | 7 000 |
4 | 36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 2 500 |
5 | 20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC | 3 500 |
6 | 24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550 |
7 | 对照CK | — |
表2 田间试验供试药剂及使用量
Table 2 Acaricides and applied contents in field trial
处理编号Treatment code | 供试药剂Acaricide for test | 稀释倍数Dilution time |
---|---|---|
1 | 20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 1 000 |
2 | 29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1* |
3 | 10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC | 7 000 |
4 | 36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 2 500 |
5 | 20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC | 3 500 |
6 | 24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550 |
7 | 对照CK | — |
杀螨剂 Acaricide | 稀释倍数Dilution time | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后24 h 24 h after application | 药后48 h 48 h after application | 药后72 h 72 h after application | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口 减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | |||||
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 500 | 61.33±10.14 | 99.2±0.8 | 99.2±0.8 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
1 000 | 59.00±7.21 | 97.9±1.4 | 97.9±1.4 ABab | 99.5±0.5 | 99.5±0.5 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
1 500 | 64.33±7.12 | 95.3±0.7 | 95.2±0.8 ABbc | 98.5±0.8 | 98.0±1.1 ABab | 99.6±0.4 | 99.3±0.7 ABa | |||
2 000 | 69.67±8.84 | 93.5±1.2 | 93.4±2.0 BCc | 97.0±0.3 | 96.4±0.7 BCb | 98.9±0.6 | 98.6±0.8 ABa | |||
2 500 | 51.33±1.45 | 89.7±1.1 | 89.4±1.1 Cd | 94.8±0.6 | 93.9±0.2 Cc | 97.4±0.6 | 96.8±0.7 Bb | |||
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC | 7 000 | 54.33±1.45 | 97.5±0.6 | 97.5±0.6 Aa | 99.4±0.6 | 99.4±0.6 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
8 000 | 48.67±4.63 | 94.5±0.4 | 94.4±0.4 Bb | 98.7±0.7 | 98.3±0.9 Aa | 99.4±0.6 | 99.3±0.7 Aa | |||
9 000 | 64.67±2.33 | 92.8±0.4 | 92.6±0.5 Bb | 97.5±0.5 | 96.8±0.8 Aa | 99.0±0.5 | 98.6±0.7 Aa | |||
10 000 | 60.33±1.45 | 86.8±0.6 | 86.5±0.6 Cc | 92.8±0.4 | 91.4±0.7 Bb | 96.7±0.1 | 95.8±0.6 Bb | |||
11 000 | 70.00±14.42 | 82.1±0.7 | 81.7±0.9 Dd | 90.1±0.2 | 88.0±1.3 Bc | 94.0±0.8 | 92.6±0.7 Cc | |||
29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1* | 61.33±8.84 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
0.3* | 61.67±3.38 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
0.5* | 88.67±3.84 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
0.7* | 57.67±3.28 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
0.9* | 63.33±7.31 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa |
表3 6种杀螨剂对板栗红蜘蛛的室内防治效果
Table 3 Indoor control effects of 6 acaricides on Oligonychus ununguis
杀螨剂 Acaricide | 稀释倍数Dilution time | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后24 h 24 h after application | 药后48 h 48 h after application | 药后72 h 72 h after application | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口 减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | |||||
20%阿维·螺螨酯悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 500 | 61.33±10.14 | 99.2±0.8 | 99.2±0.8 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
1 000 | 59.00±7.21 | 97.9±1.4 | 97.9±1.4 ABab | 99.5±0.5 | 99.5±0.5 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
1 500 | 64.33±7.12 | 95.3±0.7 | 95.2±0.8 ABbc | 98.5±0.8 | 98.0±1.1 ABab | 99.6±0.4 | 99.3±0.7 ABa | |||
2 000 | 69.67±8.84 | 93.5±1.2 | 93.4±2.0 BCc | 97.0±0.3 | 96.4±0.7 BCb | 98.9±0.6 | 98.6±0.8 ABa | |||
2 500 | 51.33±1.45 | 89.7±1.1 | 89.4±1.1 Cd | 94.8±0.6 | 93.9±0.2 Cc | 97.4±0.6 | 96.8±0.7 Bb | |||
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC | 7 000 | 54.33±1.45 | 97.5±0.6 | 97.5±0.6 Aa | 99.4±0.6 | 99.4±0.6 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
8 000 | 48.67±4.63 | 94.5±0.4 | 94.4±0.4 Bb | 98.7±0.7 | 98.3±0.9 Aa | 99.4±0.6 | 99.3±0.7 Aa | |||
9 000 | 64.67±2.33 | 92.8±0.4 | 92.6±0.5 Bb | 97.5±0.5 | 96.8±0.8 Aa | 99.0±0.5 | 98.6±0.7 Aa | |||
10 000 | 60.33±1.45 | 86.8±0.6 | 86.5±0.6 Cc | 92.8±0.4 | 91.4±0.7 Bb | 96.7±0.1 | 95.8±0.6 Bb | |||
11 000 | 70.00±14.42 | 82.1±0.7 | 81.7±0.9 Dd | 90.1±0.2 | 88.0±1.3 Bc | 94.0±0.8 | 92.6±0.7 Cc | |||
29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1* | 61.33±8.84 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
0.3* | 61.67±3.38 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
0.5* | 88.67±3.84 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
0.7* | 57.67±3.28 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
0.9* | 63.33±7.31 | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa |
杀螨剂 Acaricide | 稀释倍数Dilution time | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后24 h 24 h after application | 药后48 h 48 h after application | 药后72 h 72 h after application | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口 减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口 减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口 减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | |||||
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC | 4 500 | 69.67±8.09 | 64.5±4.0 | 63.7±3.8 Aa | 79.3±1.5 | 75.2±1.3 Aa | 93.3±2.2 | 90.8±4.1 Aa | ||
5 500 | 68.00±6.66 | 61.8±2.6 | 60.8±3.2 Aab | 71.7±6.2 | 66.2±7.0 Aab | 90.3±1.9 | 87.6±2.7 ABa | |||
6 500 | 57.00±2.65 | 58.0±2.1 | 57.1±2.2 Aabc | 69.4±5.1 | 62.6±7.3 Aab | 82.6±1.8 | 78.1±2.7 BCb | |||
7 500 | 80.33±4.98 | 50.3±4.3 | 49.1±4.3 Abc | 63.9±1.6 | 56.5±3.2 Ab | 78.2±2.3 | 72.9±0.8 Cbc | |||
8 500 | 58.33±4.33 | 46.5±5.2 | 45.3±4.9 Ac | 62.3±6.2 | 55.9±2.6 Ab | 74.6±3.6 | 68.8±0.9 Cc | |||
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 2 500 | 74.67±2.91 | 79.6±2.4 | 79.1±2.7 Aa | 89.7±1.1 | 87.8±0.6 Aa | 97.3±1.4 | 97.0±1.5 Aa | ||
3 000 | 52.00±1.53 | 73.0±1.7 | 72.3±1.9 Aab | 83.3±2.4 | 79.8±3.4 Aa | 94.8±2.4 | 93.4±2.9 Aab | |||
3 500 | 53.33±3.38 | 71.0±2.4 | 70.4±2.3 Aab | 80.7±4.3 | 77.0±4.6 Aa | 92.6±2.7 | 91.4±2.8 Aab | |||
4 000 | 63.00±1.73 | 69.8±2.4 | 69.1±2.4 Ab | 82.5±2.5 | 78.3±5.4 Aa | 92.5±2.1 | 90.8±1.9 Aab | |||
4 500 | 70.67±0.88 | 68.4±3.2 | 67.6±3.6 Ab | 81.6±2.3 | 77.3±4.4 Aa | 90.1±2.1 | 87.3±3.6 Ab | |||
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550 | 40.67±5.81 | 97.8±1.4 | 97.7±1.4 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
4 000+650 | 37.00±2.00 | 94.7±1.3 | 94.5±1.4 ABab | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
5 000+750 | 45.33±7.84 | 92.1±2.3 | 91.9±2.3 ABabc | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
6 000+850 | 33.00±2.08 | 87.4±4.8 | 87.2±4.7 ABbc | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
7 000+950 | 49.33±4.70 | 84.7±1.9 | 84.3±2.1 Bc | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
对照CK | — | 74.00±10.53 | 2.2±1.3 | — | 15.7±9.1 | — | 19.2±9.4 | — |
表3 6种杀螨剂对板栗红蜘蛛的室内防治效果 (续表Continued)
Table 3 Indoor control effects of 6 acaricides on Oligonychus ununguis
杀螨剂 Acaricide | 稀释倍数Dilution time | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后24 h 24 h after application | 药后48 h 48 h after application | 药后72 h 72 h after application | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口 减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口 减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口 减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | |||||
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC | 4 500 | 69.67±8.09 | 64.5±4.0 | 63.7±3.8 Aa | 79.3±1.5 | 75.2±1.3 Aa | 93.3±2.2 | 90.8±4.1 Aa | ||
5 500 | 68.00±6.66 | 61.8±2.6 | 60.8±3.2 Aab | 71.7±6.2 | 66.2±7.0 Aab | 90.3±1.9 | 87.6±2.7 ABa | |||
6 500 | 57.00±2.65 | 58.0±2.1 | 57.1±2.2 Aabc | 69.4±5.1 | 62.6±7.3 Aab | 82.6±1.8 | 78.1±2.7 BCb | |||
7 500 | 80.33±4.98 | 50.3±4.3 | 49.1±4.3 Abc | 63.9±1.6 | 56.5±3.2 Ab | 78.2±2.3 | 72.9±0.8 Cbc | |||
8 500 | 58.33±4.33 | 46.5±5.2 | 45.3±4.9 Ac | 62.3±6.2 | 55.9±2.6 Ab | 74.6±3.6 | 68.8±0.9 Cc | |||
36%联肼·螺螨酯悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 2 500 | 74.67±2.91 | 79.6±2.4 | 79.1±2.7 Aa | 89.7±1.1 | 87.8±0.6 Aa | 97.3±1.4 | 97.0±1.5 Aa | ||
3 000 | 52.00±1.53 | 73.0±1.7 | 72.3±1.9 Aab | 83.3±2.4 | 79.8±3.4 Aa | 94.8±2.4 | 93.4±2.9 Aab | |||
3 500 | 53.33±3.38 | 71.0±2.4 | 70.4±2.3 Aab | 80.7±4.3 | 77.0±4.6 Aa | 92.6±2.7 | 91.4±2.8 Aab | |||
4 000 | 63.00±1.73 | 69.8±2.4 | 69.1±2.4 Ab | 82.5±2.5 | 78.3±5.4 Aa | 92.5±2.1 | 90.8±1.9 Aab | |||
4 500 | 70.67±0.88 | 68.4±3.2 | 67.6±3.6 Ab | 81.6±2.3 | 77.3±4.4 Aa | 90.1±2.1 | 87.3±3.6 Ab | |||
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550 | 40.67±5.81 | 97.8±1.4 | 97.7±1.4 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | ||
4 000+650 | 37.00±2.00 | 94.7±1.3 | 94.5±1.4 ABab | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
5 000+750 | 45.33±7.84 | 92.1±2.3 | 91.9±2.3 ABabc | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
6 000+850 | 33.00±2.08 | 87.4±4.8 | 87.2±4.7 ABbc | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
7 000+950 | 49.33±4.70 | 84.7±1.9 | 84.3±2.1 Bc | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | 100.0±0.0 | 100.0±0.0 Aa | |||
对照CK | — | 74.00±10.53 | 2.2±1.3 | — | 15.7±9.1 | — | 19.2±9.4 | — |
杀螨剂 Acaricide | 稀释倍数 Dilution time | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后1 d 1 d after application | 药后3 d 3 d after application | 药后14 d 14 d after application | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | |||||
20%阿维·螺螨酯 悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 1 000 | 87.00±4.93 | 94.50±2.91 | 94.17±3.11 Aa | 100.00±0.00 | 100.00±0.00 Aa | 97.60±0.51 | 97.80±0.45 Aa | ||
29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1* | 49.25±3.57 | 88.27±2.90 | 86.99±3.17 ABa | 96.60±1.38 | 96.16±1.53 Aa | 78.76±2.42 | 80.39±2.36 Cc | ||
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC | 7 000 | 49.75±1.60 | 95.01±1.21 | 94.56±1.17 Aa | 98.95±0.61 | 98.80±0.69 Aa | 87.55±1.41 | 88.59±1.08 Bb | ||
36%联肼·螺螨酯 悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 2 500 | 57.75±8.29 | 91.22±3.35 | 90.25±3.68 Aa | 98.14±0.85 | 97.80±1.05 Aa | 94.67±0.68 | 95.07±0.68 Aa | ||
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC | 3 500 | 47.00±2.35 | 74.14±6.71 | 72.04±6.86 Bb | 87.31±4.49 | 85.11±5.44 Bb | 96.89±0.63 | 97.16±0.53 Aa | ||
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550 | 52.50±3.23 | 95.64±1.79 | 94.92±2.16 Aa | 99.51±0.49 | 99.39±0.61 Aa | 95.05±0.78 | 95.48±0.62 Aa | ||
对照CK | — | 88.00±12.94 | 9.59±3.67 | — | 12.08±2.65 | — | -8.61±2.28 | — |
表4 6种杀螨剂对板栗红蜘蛛田间防治效果
Table 4 Effect of 6 acaricides on field control of Oligonychus ununguis
杀螨剂 Acaricide | 稀释倍数 Dilution time | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后1 d 1 d after application | 药后3 d 3 d after application | 药后14 d 14 d after application | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | |||||
20%阿维·螺螨酯 悬浮剂 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC | 1 000 | 87.00±4.93 | 94.50±2.91 | 94.17±3.11 Aa | 100.00±0.00 | 100.00±0.00 Aa | 97.60±0.51 | 97.80±0.45 Aa | ||
29%石硫合剂水剂 29% calcium polysulfide AS | 0.1* | 49.25±3.57 | 88.27±2.90 | 86.99±3.17 ABa | 96.60±1.38 | 96.16±1.53 Aa | 78.76±2.42 | 80.39±2.36 Cc | ||
10%阿维菌素悬浮剂 10% avermectin SC | 7 000 | 49.75±1.60 | 95.01±1.21 | 94.56±1.17 Aa | 98.95±0.61 | 98.80±0.69 Aa | 87.55±1.41 | 88.59±1.08 Bb | ||
36%联肼·螺螨酯 悬浮剂 36% bifenazate·spirodiclofen SC | 2 500 | 57.75±8.29 | 91.22±3.35 | 90.25±3.68 Aa | 98.14±0.85 | 97.80±1.05 Aa | 94.67±0.68 | 95.07±0.68 Aa | ||
20%乙螨唑悬浮剂 20% etoxazole SC | 3 500 | 47.00±2.35 | 74.14±6.71 | 72.04±6.86 Bb | 87.31±4.49 | 85.11±5.44 Bb | 96.89±0.63 | 97.16±0.53 Aa | ||
24%螺螨酯悬浮剂+40%丙溴磷乳油 24% spirodiclofen SC+40% profenofos EC | 3 000+550 | 52.50±3.23 | 95.64±1.79 | 94.92±2.16 Aa | 99.51±0.49 | 99.39±0.61 Aa | 95.05±0.78 | 95.48±0.62 Aa | ||
对照CK | — | 88.00±12.94 | 9.59±3.67 | — | 12.08±2.65 | — | -8.61±2.28 | — |
施药方式 Application method | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后1 d 1 d after application | 药后2 d 2 d after application | 药后14 d 14 d after application | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | ||
无人机喷药 Drone spraying | 2 374.33±831.56 | 59.90±2.83 | 61.45±2.24 Aa | 89.93±1.69 | 91.20±1.37 Aa | 95.98±0.88 | 97.77±0.52 Aa |
人工背负式 电动喷药 Electric knapsack sprayer | 509.33±154.49 | 80.28±1.88 | 80.99±1.90 Bb | 83.25±2.77 | 83.07±4.43 Aa | 83.56±1.34 | 90.58±1.02 Bb |
人工拖管 机械喷药 Engine-operated portable sprayer | 820.67±22.59 | 81.19±1.91 | 81.88±1.88 Bb | 90.87±4.56 | 91.97±3.98 Aa | 98.56±0.66 | 99.19±0.37 Aa |
对照CK | 527.67±41.73 | -3.88±1.63 | — | -13.94±1.92 | — | -82.30±4.47 | — |
表5 不同施药方式喷施20%阿维·螺螨酯SC对板栗红蜘蛛防治效果
Table 5 Control effect of different application methods of 20% avermectin·spirodiclofen SC on Oligonychus ununguis
施药方式 Application method | 药前基数 Initial population number | 药后1 d 1 d after application | 药后2 d 2 d after application | 药后14 d 14 d after application | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | 虫口减退率 Decrease rate/% | 防治效果 Control efficacy/% | ||
无人机喷药 Drone spraying | 2 374.33±831.56 | 59.90±2.83 | 61.45±2.24 Aa | 89.93±1.69 | 91.20±1.37 Aa | 95.98±0.88 | 97.77±0.52 Aa |
人工背负式 电动喷药 Electric knapsack sprayer | 509.33±154.49 | 80.28±1.88 | 80.99±1.90 Bb | 83.25±2.77 | 83.07±4.43 Aa | 83.56±1.34 | 90.58±1.02 Bb |
人工拖管 机械喷药 Engine-operated portable sprayer | 820.67±22.59 | 81.19±1.91 | 81.88±1.88 Bb | 90.87±4.56 | 91.97±3.98 Aa | 98.56±0.66 | 99.19±0.37 Aa |
对照CK | 527.67±41.73 | -3.88±1.63 | — | -13.94±1.92 | — | -82.30±4.47 | — |
施药方式 Application method | 人工成本/ (元·667 m-2) Labor cost/ (yuan·667 m-2) | 用药成本/ (元·667 m-2) Acaricide cost/(yuan·667 m-2) | 总成本/(元·667 m-2) Total cost/ (yuan·667 m-2) | 较无人机防治成本增加Increased cost compared to UAV control/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
人工背负式电动喷药 Electric knapsack sprayer | 36.42±1.29 | 7.86±0.05 | 44.28±1.34 Aa | 38.93 |
人工拖管机械喷药 Engine-operated portable sprayer | 29.08±0.62 | 20.30±0.38 | 49.38±0.99 Ab | 45.24 |
无人机喷药 Drone spraying | 20.00±0.00 | 7.04±0.23 | 27.04±0.23 Bc | — |
表6 不同施药方式施药的效益分析
Table 6 Benefit analysis of different application methods
施药方式 Application method | 人工成本/ (元·667 m-2) Labor cost/ (yuan·667 m-2) | 用药成本/ (元·667 m-2) Acaricide cost/(yuan·667 m-2) | 总成本/(元·667 m-2) Total cost/ (yuan·667 m-2) | 较无人机防治成本增加Increased cost compared to UAV control/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
人工背负式电动喷药 Electric knapsack sprayer | 36.42±1.29 | 7.86±0.05 | 44.28±1.34 Aa | 38.93 |
人工拖管机械喷药 Engine-operated portable sprayer | 29.08±0.62 | 20.30±0.38 | 49.38±0.99 Ab | 45.24 |
无人机喷药 Drone spraying | 20.00±0.00 | 7.04±0.23 | 27.04±0.23 Bc | — |
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