几种板栗品种对链格孢菌的室内抗性比较及防治药剂筛选

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0015

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (4): 123-131.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0015

• 动植物健康 • 上一篇

几种板栗品种对链格孢菌的室内抗性比较及防治药剂筛选

栗佳宁¹^,²(), 李爱霞³, 霍佳欢¹^,², 冯丽娜¹^,², 郭思柔¹^,², 王建华¹^,², 温晓蕾¹^,², 孙伟明¹^,², 齐慧霞¹^,²()

^1.板栗产业技术教育部工程研究中心，河北秦皇岛 066004
^2.河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院，河北省作物逆境生物学重点实验室（筹），河北昌黎 066600
^3.河北省邢台市林业和草原有害生物防治检疫站河北邢台 05400

收稿日期:2023-01-04 接受日期:2023-03-07 出版日期:2023-04-01 发布日期:2023-06-26
通讯作者: 齐慧霞
作者简介:栗佳宁 E-mail：1305081894@qq.com；
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000700);河北省教育厅平台项目（河北省板栗产业协同创新中心-2021-2023）

Comparison of Resistance of Several Chestnut Varieties to Alternaria alternata and Fungicide Screening in Laboratory

Jianing LI¹^,²(), Aixia LI³, Jiahuan HUO¹^,², Lina FENG¹^,², Sirou GUO¹^,², Jianhua WANG¹^,², Xiaolei WEN¹^,², Weiming SUN¹^,², Huixia QI¹^,²()

^1.Engineering Research Center of Chestnut Industry Technology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Qinhuangdao 066004, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology of Hebei Province; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Hebei Changli 066600, China
^3.Xingtai Forestry and Grassland pest control and quarantine station of Hebei Province, Hebei Xingtai 05400, China

Received:2023-01-04 Accepted:2023-03-07 Online:2023-04-01 Published:2023-06-26
Contact: Huixia QI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确不同板栗品种对链格孢菌（Alternaria alternata）的抗性并筛选出抑制该病原菌的有效药剂，采用离体菌丝块有伤接种法对14个板栗品种进行抗病性鉴定，通过发病率、病斑平均直径法和系统聚类分析法对不同品种进行抗性分级，并利用菌丝生长速率法测定7种杀菌剂对A. alternata的毒力。结果表明，接种后9 d，板栗品种‘燕山短枝’‘大板红’的发病率和病斑扩展直径分别为44.45%、51.11%和0.13、0.20 cm；‘遵玉’为100%和0.90 cm。供试品种中以‘燕山短枝’‘大板红’对A. alternata的抗性相对较强；‘遵玉’对A. alternata的抗性相对较弱。药剂筛选结果表明，咯菌腈对A. alternata的抑制效果最佳，抑制率达到93.75%，EC₅₀为69.94 mg?L^-1。以上结果为板栗在种植中筛选优质抗病品种及开展田间药效试验提供参考。

关键词: 板栗, 链格孢菌, 抗性评价, 药剂筛选

Abstract:

In order to clarify the resistance of different chestnut varieties to Alternaria alternata and screen out effective fungicides to inhibit the pathogen， the resistances of 14 chestnut varieties to A. alternata were identified by in vitro inoculation method. The resistance of different varieties was graded by incidence rate， average diameter of lesion and cluster analysis. The toxicities of 7 fungicides to A. alternata were determined by mycelium growth rate method. The results showed that the incidences and lesion diameters of ‘Yanshanduanzhi’ and ‘Dabanhong’ were 44.45%， 51.11% and 0.13， 0.20 cm after inoculation 9 d， respectively， while those of ‘Zunyu’ were 100% and 0.90 cm. Among the tested varieties， ‘Yanshanduanzhi’ and ‘Dabanhong’ had relatively strong resistance to A. alternata， while ‘Zunyu’ had relatively weak resistance to A. alternata. The results of fungicide screening showed that fludioxonil had the best inhibitory effect on A. alternata， which the inhibition rate and EC₅₀ were 93.75% and 69.94 mg·L^-1， respectively. Above results provided more references for screening high-quality disease-resistant varieties of chestnut in planting and carrying out field efficacy trials.

Key words: Castanea mollissima Blume, Alternaria alternata, resistance evaluation, fungicide screening

中图分类号:

S664.2

栗佳宁, 李爱霞, 霍佳欢, 冯丽娜, 郭思柔, 王建华, 温晓蕾, 孙伟明, 齐慧霞. 几种板栗品种对链格孢菌的室内抗性比较及防治药剂筛选[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(4): 123-131.

Jianing LI, Aixia LI, Jiahuan HUO, Lina FENG, Sirou GUO, Jianhua WANG, Xiaolei WEN, Weiming SUN, Huixia QI. Comparison of Resistance of Several Chestnut Varieties to Alternaria alternata and Fungicide Screening in Laboratory[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(4): 123-131.

图/表 7

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品种 Variety	发病率Disease incidence/%
品种 Variety	接种3 d Inoculation 3 d	接种4 d Inoculation 4 d	接种5 d Inoculation 5 d	接种6 d Inoculation 6 d	接种7 d Inoculation 7 d	接种8 d Inoculation 8 d	接种9 d Inoculation 9 d
遵玉 Zunyu	4.45±2.22 dD	42.22±2.22 aAB	71.11±2.22 aA	88.89±2.22 aA	95.55±2.22 aA	97.78±2.22 aA	100.00±0.00 aA
燕宝 Yanbao	26.67±0.00 aA	33.33±0.00 bC	48.89±2.22 cdeBCD	48.89±2.22 dBC	62.22±2.22 cCD	75.55±2.22 bBC	82.22±2.22 bB
老品种 Laopinzhong	0.00±0.00 dD	24.45±2.22 cD	44.45±2.22 eD	57.78±2.22 bB	75.55±2.22 bB	77.78±2.22 bB	80.00±0.00 bcBC
紫珀 Zipo	0.00±0.00 dD	35.55±2.22 bBC	55.55±2.22 bB	57.78±2.22 bB	66.67±0.00 cC	68.69±2.22 cdCD	77.78±2.22 bcdBCD
燕奎 Yankui	4.45±2.22 dD	44.45±2.22 aA	55.55±2.22 bB	55.55±2.22 bcB	66.67±0.00 cC	75.55±2.22 bBC	75.55±2.22 cdeBCD
东陵明珠 Donglingmingzhu	0.00±0.00 dD	24.45±2.22 cD	53.33±0.00 bcBC	57.78±2.22 bB	66.67±0.00 cC	66.67±0.00 cdCD	75.55±2.22 cdeBCD
燕紫 Yanzi	17.78±2.22 bB	24.45±2.22 cD	33.33±0.00 fE	46.67±0.00 dC	48.89±2.22 eEF	66.67±0.00 cdCD	73.33±0.00 deCD
小薄皮 Xiaobopi	0.00±0.00 dD	15.55±2.22 deEF	46.67±0.00 deCD	48.89±2.22 dBC	62.22±2.22 cCD	68.89±2.22 cCD	73.33±0.00 deCD
燕秋 Yanqiu	13.33±0.00 cBC	15.55±2.22 deEF	26.67±0.00 gEF	33.33±0.00 efDE	37.78±2.22 fgGH	57.78±2.22 eE	71.11±2.22 eD
燕山早丰 Yanshanzaofeng	11.11±2.22 cC	11.11±2.22 efFG	31.11±2.22 fgE	31.11±2.22 fDE	48.89±2.22 eEF	57.78±2.22 eE	71.11±2.22 eD
燕丽Yanli	0.00±0.00 dD	42.22±2.22 aAB	51.11±2.22 bcdBCD	51.11±2.22 cdBC	55.55±2.22 dDE	62.22±2.22 deDE	62.22±2.22 fE
燕龙 Yanlong	0.00±0.00 dD	13.33±0.00 eEFG	31.11±2.22 fgE	37.78±2.22 eD	42.22±2.22 fFG	48.89±2.22 fF	53.33±0.00 gF
大板红 Dabanhong	11.11±2.22 cC	20.00±0.00 cdDE	28.89±2.22 fgE	31.11±2.22 fDE	40.00±0.00 fGH	48.89±2.22 fF	51.11±2.22 gFG
燕山短枝 Yanshanduanzhi	0.00±0.00 dD	6.67±0.00 fG	20.00±0.00 hF	28.89±2.22 fE	33.33±0.00 gH	42.22±2.22 gF	44.45±2.22 hG

品种 Variety	发病率Disease incidence/%
品种 Variety	接种3 d Inoculation 3 d	接种4 d Inoculation 4 d	接种5 d Inoculation 5 d	接种6 d Inoculation 6 d	接种7 d Inoculation 7 d	接种8 d Inoculation 8 d	接种9 d Inoculation 9 d
遵玉 Zunyu	4.45±2.22 dD	42.22±2.22 aAB	71.11±2.22 aA	88.89±2.22 aA	95.55±2.22 aA	97.78±2.22 aA	100.00±0.00 aA
燕宝 Yanbao	26.67±0.00 aA	33.33±0.00 bC	48.89±2.22 cdeBCD	48.89±2.22 dBC	62.22±2.22 cCD	75.55±2.22 bBC	82.22±2.22 bB
老品种 Laopinzhong	0.00±0.00 dD	24.45±2.22 cD	44.45±2.22 eD	57.78±2.22 bB	75.55±2.22 bB	77.78±2.22 bB	80.00±0.00 bcBC
紫珀 Zipo	0.00±0.00 dD	35.55±2.22 bBC	55.55±2.22 bB	57.78±2.22 bB	66.67±0.00 cC	68.69±2.22 cdCD	77.78±2.22 bcdBCD
燕奎 Yankui	4.45±2.22 dD	44.45±2.22 aA	55.55±2.22 bB	55.55±2.22 bcB	66.67±0.00 cC	75.55±2.22 bBC	75.55±2.22 cdeBCD
东陵明珠 Donglingmingzhu	0.00±0.00 dD	24.45±2.22 cD	53.33±0.00 bcBC	57.78±2.22 bB	66.67±0.00 cC	66.67±0.00 cdCD	75.55±2.22 cdeBCD
燕紫 Yanzi	17.78±2.22 bB	24.45±2.22 cD	33.33±0.00 fE	46.67±0.00 dC	48.89±2.22 eEF	66.67±0.00 cdCD	73.33±0.00 deCD
小薄皮 Xiaobopi	0.00±0.00 dD	15.55±2.22 deEF	46.67±0.00 deCD	48.89±2.22 dBC	62.22±2.22 cCD	68.89±2.22 cCD	73.33±0.00 deCD
燕秋 Yanqiu	13.33±0.00 cBC	15.55±2.22 deEF	26.67±0.00 gEF	33.33±0.00 efDE	37.78±2.22 fgGH	57.78±2.22 eE	71.11±2.22 eD
燕山早丰 Yanshanzaofeng	11.11±2.22 cC	11.11±2.22 efFG	31.11±2.22 fgE	31.11±2.22 fDE	48.89±2.22 eEF	57.78±2.22 eE	71.11±2.22 eD
燕丽Yanli	0.00±0.00 dD	42.22±2.22 aAB	51.11±2.22 bcdBCD	51.11±2.22 cdBC	55.55±2.22 dDE	62.22±2.22 deDE	62.22±2.22 fE
燕龙 Yanlong	0.00±0.00 dD	13.33±0.00 eEFG	31.11±2.22 fgE	37.78±2.22 eD	42.22±2.22 fFG	48.89±2.22 fF	53.33±0.00 gF
大板红 Dabanhong	11.11±2.22 cC	20.00±0.00 cdDE	28.89±2.22 fgE	31.11±2.22 fDE	40.00±0.00 fGH	48.89±2.22 fF	51.11±2.22 gFG
燕山短枝 Yanshanduanzhi	0.00±0.00 dD	6.67±0.00 fG	20.00±0.00 hF	28.89±2.22 fE	33.33±0.00 gH	42.22±2.22 gF	44.45±2.22 hG

品种Variety	病斑扩展直径Lesion expansion diameter/cm	AD法抗性等级AD resistance grade
遵玉 Zunyu	0.90±0.02 aA	4
东陵明珠 Donglingmingzhu	0.55±0.03 bB	3
燕紫 Yanzi	0.51±0.01 bBC	3
燕宝 Yanbao	0.50±0.00 bcBC	3
紫珀 Zipo	0.46±0.01 cdCD	3
燕秋 Yanqiu	0.45±0.03 dCD	3
小薄皮 Xiaobopi	0.42±0.00 deDE	3
燕山早丰 Yanshanzaofeng	0.37±0.01 efEF	2
燕龙 Yanlong	0.35±0.03 fgFG	2
老品种 Laopinzhong	0.34±0.01 fgFG	2
燕奎 Yankui	0.30±0.01 gG	2
燕丽 Yanli	0.30±0.01 gG	2
大板红 Dabanhong	0.20±0.01 hH	1
燕山短枝 Yanshanduanzhi	0.13±0.01 iI	1

品种Variety	病斑扩展直径Lesion expansion diameter/cm	AD法抗性等级AD resistance grade
遵玉 Zunyu	0.90±0.02 aA	4
东陵明珠 Donglingmingzhu	0.55±0.03 bB	3
燕紫 Yanzi	0.51±0.01 bBC	3
燕宝 Yanbao	0.50±0.00 bcBC	3
紫珀 Zipo	0.46±0.01 cdCD	3
燕秋 Yanqiu	0.45±0.03 dCD	3
小薄皮 Xiaobopi	0.42±0.00 deDE	3
燕山早丰 Yanshanzaofeng	0.37±0.01 efEF	2
燕龙 Yanlong	0.35±0.03 fgFG	2
老品种 Laopinzhong	0.34±0.01 fgFG	2
燕奎 Yankui	0.30±0.01 gG	2
燕丽 Yanli	0.30±0.01 gG	2
大板红 Dabanhong	0.20±0.01 hH	1
燕山短枝 Yanshanduanzhi	0.13±0.01 iI	1

杀菌剂 Fungicide	菌落直径Colony diameter/cm	抑制率Inhibition ratio/%
咯菌腈 Fludioxonil	0.40±0.00 hH	93.75±0.00 aA
吡噻菌胺 Pyrithiamide	1.07±0.03 gG	83.33±0.52 bB
苯醚甲环唑 Difenoconazole	1.50±0.00 fF	76.56±0.00 cC
丙硫菌唑 Prothioconazole	1.70±0.00 eE	73.44±0.00 dD
氰烯菌酯 Phenamacril	2.63±0.02 dD	58.85±0.26 eE
多抗霉素 Polyoxin	3.60±0.00 cC	43.75±0.00 fF
嘧菌酯 Azoxystrobin	3.92±0.02 bB	38.80±0.26 gG
CK	6.40±0.00 aA	0.00±0.00 hH

几种板栗品种对链格孢菌的室内抗性比较及防治药剂筛选

Comparison of Resistance of Several Chestnut Varieties to Alternaria alternata and Fungicide Screening in Laboratory

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Metrics

供试杀菌剂 Fungicide	含量 Content/（mg·L^-1）	菌落直径 Colony diameter/cm	抑制率 Inhibition ratio/%	毒力回归方程 Toxic regression equation	EC₅₀/（mg·L^-1）	相关系数Correlation coefficient
CK	0.00	6.30±0.03 aA	0.00±0.00 fF
咯菌腈 Fludioxonil	15.63	5.78±0.04 bB	8.19±1.12 eE	y=-3.487+1.891x	69.94	0.933
	31.25	4.15±0.00 cC	34.13±0.30 dD
	62.50	3.48±0.02 dD	44.70±0.50 cC
	125.00	2.68±0.04 eE	57.40±0.89 bB
	250.00	0.55±0.00 fF	91.27±0.04 aA
吡噻菌胺Pyrithiamide	62.5	3.17±0.02 bB	49.74±0.13 eE
	125.0	2.75±0.00 cC	56.35±0.20 dD
	250.0	2.55±0.00 dD	59.52±0.18 cC	y=-1.157+0.623x	71.96	0.965
	500.0	1.82±0.04 eE	71.17±0.57 bB
	1 000.0	1.45±0.00 fF	76.98±0.11 aA

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