北京市西瓜和甜瓜产业现状与高质量发展对策

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0313

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (11): 20-27.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0313

北京市西瓜和甜瓜产业现状与高质量发展对策

张琳(), 杨艳涛(), 宋莉莉, 毛世平

中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所，北京 100081

收稿日期:2023-04-20 接受日期:2023-08-25 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2023-11-20
通讯作者: 杨艳涛
作者简介:张琳 E-mail： zhanglin02@caas.cn；
基金资助:
北京市产业经济与政策创新团队项目(BAIC11-2023);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费院级重点任务项目(Y2023ZK06)

Current Situation and High Quality Development Countermeasures of Watermelon and Muskmelon Industry in Beijing

Lin ZHANG(), Yantao YANG(), Lili SONG, Shiping MAO

Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100081，China

Received:2023-04-20 Accepted:2023-08-25 Online:2023-11-15 Published:2023-11-20
Contact: Yantao YANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

西瓜和甜瓜产业作为北京特色作物产业，其高质量发展对推动乡村产业振兴、实现富民增收具有重要意义。为深入研究北京西瓜和甜瓜产业全链条发展状况，从生产规模、品种结构、设施栽培、绿色发展、品牌建设、流通模式、市场价格等方面进行了系统分析，剖析了当前产业发展面临的内外部风险复杂叠加、核心技术亟待突破、劳动力供需失衡、配套政策落实难、产业链开发不完善等问题。基于此提出了强化科技投入支持、全方位引育乡村人才、推进适度规模经营与组织化、促进“三链”融合提升、完善全链条精准支持政策等建议，以期推动北京西瓜和甜瓜产业全链条升级与高质量发展。

关键词: 特色作物产业, 西瓜和甜瓜, 高质量发展, 全产业链

Abstract:

As one of the characteristic crop industries in Beijing， the high-quality development of watermelon is important for promoting the revitalization of rural industries， achieving wealth and income increase. In order to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth study of the current development status of the entire chain of Beijing’s watermelon industry， the systematic analysis has been conducted from the aspects of production scale， variety structure， facility cultivation， green development， brand construction， circulation mode， market price， etc. In addition， problems such as increasing external risk factors， urgent breakthroughs in core technologies， imbalance in labor supply and demand， difficulty in implementing supporting policies， and incomplete development of industrial chains was analyzed. The following countermeasures and suggestions was proposed： strengthening technology investment support， comprehensively attracting rural talents， promoting land transfer and moderate scale operation， promoting the integration and improvement of the “three chains”， and improving precise support policies for the entire chain， in order to promote the upgrading and high-quality development of the Beijing watermelon industry throughout the entire chain.

Key words: characteristic crop industry, watermelon and muskmelon, high quality development, whole industrial chain

中图分类号:

张琳, 杨艳涛, 宋莉莉, 毛世平. 北京市西瓜和甜瓜产业现状与高质量发展对策[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(11): 20-27.

Lin ZHANG, Yantao YANG, Lili SONG, Shiping MAO. Current Situation and High Quality Development Countermeasures of Watermelon and Muskmelon Industry in Beijing[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(11): 20-27.

图/表 4

图1 2018—2022年北京市西瓜和甜瓜种植面积、产量及单产注：数据来源于北京市统计局。

Fig. 1 Planting area， yield， and unit yield of watermelon in Beijing from 2018 to 2022Note： Data is from Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics.

图2 2016—2022年北京市西瓜、甜瓜、草莓设施种植面积占比变化注：数据来源于北京市农业农村数据中心。

Fig. 2 Proportion of watermelon， melon， and strawberry facility planting areas in Beijing from 2017 to 2022Note： Data is from Beijing Agricultural and Rural Data Center.

图3 2020—2022年全国及北京西瓜批发市场价格走势注：数据来源于农业农村部信息中心。

Fig. 3 Price of watermelon wholesale market in China and Beijing from 2020 to 2022Note： Data is from Information Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

图4 2022年北京不同品种西瓜大宗市场的价格与交易量注：数据来源于北京市农业农村数据中心。

Fig. 4 Price and trading volume of different watermelon varieties in Beijing in 2022Note： Data is from Beijing Agricultural and Rural Data Center.

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北京市西瓜和甜瓜产业现状与高质量发展对策

Current Situation and High Quality Development Countermeasures of Watermelon and Muskmelon Industry in Beijing

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