水肥耦合对蓝靛果忍冬幼苗细根生长及根抗氧化酶的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0478

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以蓝靛果忍冬（Lonicera caerulea）“北华1号”1年生扦插苗为材料，采用三因素（土壤水分、施氮量、施磷量）五水平二次旋转回归组合设计，通过数学模型和数理统计方法分析数据，研究了水肥耦合对蓝靛果忍冬幼苗细根生长和根系抗氧化酶的影响。结果表明，土壤水分、施氮量、施磷量与蓝靛果忍冬幼苗细根的根长和比根长呈正相关，施氮量和施磷量耦合效应对根长影响最显著，土壤水分和施氮量耦合效应对比根长影响最显著；土壤水分、施磷量与蓝靛果忍冬幼苗根系过氧化物酶（peroxidase，POD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase，GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（soperoxide dismutase，SOD）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（ascorbate peroxidase，APX）均呈负相关，施氮量和施磷量耦合效应最显著，适水适氮适磷组合处理最有利于细根生长和根系抗氧化酶活性的稳定。土壤水分为田间最大持水量的75%、施氮量为3.8 g·株^-1、施磷量为1.9 g·株^-1的处理细根根长和比根长均最优，1~3级根根长分别为338.69、159.65、86.21 cm；比根长分别为225.26、53.22、216.24 m·g^-1。土壤水分为田间最大持水量的60%、施氮量为2.4 g·株^-1、施磷量为1.2 g·株^-1的处理抗氧化酶活性最低，SOD、POD、APX、GSH-Px的活性分别为7.62、10.44、44.00、1.43 U·g^-1·min^-1。研究结果发现，水分和施氮量分别为蓝靛果忍冬细根生长和根抗氧化酶活性的主要影响因素，可为蓝靛果忍冬苗期立地筛选、水肥配施等栽培与管理提供理论依据。

关键词: 蓝靛果忍冬, 水肥耦合, 细根, 根长, 比根长, 抗氧化酶活性

Abstract:

In this paper， the annual cuttings of Lonicera caerulea “Beihua 1” was selected as the research object， adopting the combined design of three factors （soil moisture， W； nitrogen fertilizer application， N； phosphorus fertilizer application， P） and 5 levels of quadratic rotation regression. The effects of water- fertilizer coupling on the fine root growth and root antioxidant enzyme of Lonicera caerulea seedlings were revealed by mathematical model and mathematical statistics. The results showed that W， N and P were positively correlated for root length， specific root length， the coupling effect of N and P was the most positively correlated for the root length， the coupling effect of W and N was the most positively correlated for the specific root length. The W， P had a significant negative correlation with peroxidase（POD）， glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）， soperoxide dismutase（SOD）， ascorbate peroxidase（APX） in the roots of Lonicera caerulea seedlings， the coupling effect of N and P was the most positively correlated. The fitful combination of W， N and P was the most beneficial to the stability of the fine root growth and antioxidant enzyme activity of Lonicera caerulea seedlings. The optimum root length and specific root length could be achieved at 75% soil water content of the maximum field moisture capacity， nitrogen application of 3.8 g·plant^-1 and the phosphorus application of 1.9 g·plant^-1， the respective root length for the 1~3 order roots was 338.69，159.65，86.21 cm；the respective specific root length was 225.26，53.22，216.24 m·g^-1. The lowest antioxidant enzyme activity was observed under the condition of soil water content was 60% of the maximum field moisture capacity， nitrogen application was 2.4 g·plant^-1 and phosphorus application was 1.2 g·plant^-1，the respective activity of SOD， POD， APX，GSH-Px was 7.62，10.44，44.00，1.43 U·g^-1·min^-1. The results showed that W and N were the independent factors affecting the growth of fine roots and the root activity of antioxidant enzymes in Lonicera caerulea seedlings， it could provide a theoretical basis for the cultivation and management of Lonicera caerulea seedlings， such as site screening， combined application of water and fertilizer， etc..

Key words: Lonicera caerulea, water-fertilizer coupling, fine root, root length, specific root length, antioxidant enzyme activity

中图分类号:

S663

刘洋, 张启昌, 张璐, 李玉灵. 水肥耦合对蓝靛果忍冬幼苗细根生长及根抗氧化酶的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(9): 197-207.

Yang LIU, Qichang ZHANG, Lu ZHANG, Yuling LI. Effects of Water-fertilizer Coupling on Fine Root Growth and Root Antioxidant Enzyme of Lonicera caerulea Seedlings[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(9): 197-207.

图/表 10

表1 试验因素水平编码

Table 1 Level coding of experimental factors

编码水平 Coding value	施氮量/（g·株^-1） Nitrogen application/（g·plant^-1）	施磷量/（g·株^-1） Phosphorus application/（g·plant^-1）	土壤水分 Soil moisture/（%FC）
1.682	4.800	2.400	85
1.000	3.800	1.900	75
0.000	2.400	1.200	60
-1.000	1.000	0.500	45
-1.682	0.000	0.000	35

表2 不同处理土壤水分、施氮量、施磷量实际值

Table 2 Soil moisture，nitrogen application and phosphorus application under different treatments

处理编号 Code of treatment	土壤水分 Soil moisture/ （%FC）	施氮量/（g·株^-1） Nitrogen application/（g·plant^-1）	施磷量/（g·株^-1） Phosphorus application/ （g·plant^-1）	处理编号 Code of treatment	土壤水分 Soil moisture/ （%FC）	施氮量/（g·株^-1） Nitrogen application/（g·plant^-1）	施磷量/（g·株^-1） Phosphorus application/ （g·plant^-1）
1	45	1.0	0.5	11	60	0.0	1.2
2	45	1.0	1.9	12	60	4.8	1.2
3	45	3.8	0.5	13	60	2.4	0.0
4	45	3.8	1.9	14	60	2.4	2.4
5	75	1.0	0.5	15	60	2.4	1.2
6	75	1.0	1.9	16	60	2.4	1.2
7	75	3.8	0.5	17	60	2.4	1.2
8	75	3.8	1.9	18	60	2.4	1.2
9	35	2.4	1.2	19	60	2.4	1.2
10	85	2.4	1.2	20	60	2.4	1.2

图1 根序分级示意图［20］

Fig. 1 Schematic diagrams of root identification［20］

图2 蓝靛果忍冬1~3级根根长注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著；处理编号同表2。

Fig. 2 Length for the 1~3 order roots in Lonicera caeruleaNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level； code of treatment is the same as Table 2.

图3 蓝靛果忍冬1~3级根比根长注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著；处理编号同表2。

Fig. 3 Specific root length for the 1~3 order roots in Lonicera caeruleaNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level； code of treatment is the same as Table 2.

图4 不同处理蓝靛果忍冬根系超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著；处理编号同表2。

Fig. 4 Changes of SOD activity in the roots of Lonicera caerulea under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level； code of treatment is the same as Table 2.

图5 不同处理蓝靛果忍冬根系过氧化物酶活性的变化注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著；处理编号同表2。

Fig. 5 Changes of POD activity in the roots of Lonicera caerulea under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level； code of treatment is the same as Table 2.

图6 不同处理蓝靛果忍冬根系抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性的变化注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著；处理编号同表2。

Fig. 6 Changes of APX activity in the roots of Lonicera caerulea under different treatmentsNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level； code of treatment is the same as Table 2.

图7 不同处理蓝靛果忍冬根系谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性的变化注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异在P<0.05水平显著；处理编号同表2。

Fig. 7 Changes of GSH-Px activity in the roots of Lonicera caerulea under different treatmentsNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at P<0.05 level； code of treatment is the same as Table 2.

表3 蓝靛果忍冬幼苗根系抗氧化酶活性土壤水肥因子效应综合分析

Table 3 Effects analysis of soil and fertilizer application on antioxidant enzyme activity of root of Lonicera caerulea seedlings

指标 Index	施氮量 Nitrogen application（N）	施磷量 Phosphorus application（P）	土壤水分 soil moisture （W）	W×N	W×P	N×P
SOD活性 SOD activity	+	-	-	-	+	-
POD活性 POD activity	×	-	-	×	×	-
APX活性 APX activity	-	-	-	+	+	-
GSH-Px活性 GSH-Px activity	-	-	-	+	+	+

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[2]	葛丽丽,张启昌1*,魏红旭2,李国伟1. 蓝靛果忍冬（Lonicer acaerulea L.）果实中内源酚类物质抗氧化性能检测方法的研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2016, 18(3): 55-61.