早期抽薹对白芷生长发育和品质的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0334

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨早期抽薹对白芷生长发育和品质的影响，以早期抽薹与非抽薹（同时期正常生长）白芷植株为对象，在生长过程中设置8个取样时间，对其植株农艺性状和根部香豆素类成分含量进行分析。结果表明，在白芷生长过程中，早期抽薹和非抽薹植株的株高、鲜叶片数、地上部鲜重及干重均呈先增加后减少的趋势，而根长、根直径、根鲜重及干重、根冠比均呈逐渐上升的趋势；早期抽薹植株的株高、地上部鲜重及干重、根干重、根折干率与非抽薹植株的均有显著差异，在整个生长过程中早期抽薹植株的株高、地上部鲜重及干重均显著高于非抽薹植株，根折干率显著低于非抽薹植株。正常抽薹植株根中的欧前胡素和异欧前胡素含量在生长前期（4月6日前）显著高于同时期早期抽薹植株，生长中期非抽薹与早期抽薹植株间的欧前胡素和异欧前胡素含量高低交替变化，至收获期（7月14日）非抽薹株的欧前胡素和异欧前胡素含量分别为0.283 8%、0.157 9%，高于早期抽薹植株的0.268 8%、0.068 0%，其中，异欧前胡素含量差异达显著水平。上述结果表明，早期抽薹不但影响白芷植株地上部的生长，还影响地下部根重量及香豆素类成分含量。

关键词: 白芷, 早期抽薹, 生长发育, 品质

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of early bolting on the growth and quality of Angelica dahurica， 8 different sampling times were set during the growth of early bolting and non-bolting （normal growth） of Angelica dahurica to analyze agronomic characters of plant and the coumarins content in the roots were determined. The results showed that the plant height， number of fresh leaves， aboveground fresh weight and aboveground dry weight of early bolting and non-bolting plants of Angelica dahurica increased at first and then decreased during the growth， while the root length， root diameter， root fresh weight， root dry weight and root shoot ratio increased gradually. There were significant differences in plant height， aboveground fresh weight， aboveground dry weight， root dry weight， and root drying rate between early bolting and non-bolting plants of Angelica dahurica. In the whole growth process， the plant height， aboveground fresh weight and aboveground dry weight of early bolting plants were significantly higher than those of non-bolting plants， and the root drying rate of early bolting plants was significantly lower than non-bolting plants. In the early growth stage （before April 6）， imperatorin and isoimperatorin content in the roots of non-bolting plants were significantly higher than those of early bolting plants. The content of imperatorin and isoimperatorin alternated between non-bolting and early bolting plants in the middle growth period. At harvest time （July 14）， the content of imperatorin and isoimperatorin in non-bolting plants were 0.283 8% and 0.157 9%， which were higher than 0.268 8% and 0.068 0% of early bolting plants， and the content of isoimperatorin was significantly different. Early bolting not only affected the aboveground growth of Angelica dahurica， but also affected the underground root weight and coumarins content.

Key words: Angelica dahurica, early bolting, growth and development, quality

中图分类号:

S567

吴萍, 王晓宇, 郭俊霞, 张松林, 李青苗, 方清茂. 早期抽薹对白芷生长发育和品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(12): 58-66.

Ping WU, Xiaoyu WANG, Junxia GUO, Songlin ZHANG, Qingmiao LI, Qingmao FANG. Effects of Early Bolting on Growth and Quality of Angelica dahurica[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(12): 58-66.

图/表 6

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采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	地上部鲜重 Aboveground fresh weight/g		地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight/g		地上部折干率 Aboveground drying rate/%
采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting
3/22	77.6±2.9	14.8±0.7^*	15.0±0.8	2.3±0.1^*	19.3±0.3	15.5±0.1^*
4/6	182.1±7.6	23.0±1.1^*	41.6±2.1	3.6±0.2^*	22.9±0.2	15.6±0.7^*
4/21	185.1±8.2	57.9± 2.6^*	30.3±1.5	8.6±0.4^*	16.4±0.3	14.9±0.3
5/7	151.5±7.0	63.6±3.0^*	32.8±1.6	15.0±1.1^*	21.6±0.4	23.6±0.6
5/25	118.1±7.1	41.2±2.1^*	28.1±1.4	9.9±0.9^*	23.8±0.4	24.0±2.4
6/10	74.2±4.0	56.1±2.5^*	16.5±1.3	13.8±0.7^*	22.2±0.6	24.6±0.4
6/25	90.9±4.8	43.6±2.4^*	20.4±1.5	10.6±0.5^*	22.4±1.2	24.3±0.5
7/14	72.3±3.6	28.5±1.2^*	16.0±0.9	6.9±0.3^*	22.1±0.3	24.2±0.4

采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	地上部鲜重 Aboveground fresh weight/g		地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight/g		地上部折干率 Aboveground drying rate/%
采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting
3/22	77.6±2.9	14.8±0.7^*	15.0±0.8	2.3±0.1^*	19.3±0.3	15.5±0.1^*
4/6	182.1±7.6	23.0±1.1^*	41.6±2.1	3.6±0.2^*	22.9±0.2	15.6±0.7^*
4/21	185.1±8.2	57.9± 2.6^*	30.3±1.5	8.6±0.4^*	16.4±0.3	14.9±0.3
5/7	151.5±7.0	63.6±3.0^*	32.8±1.6	15.0±1.1^*	21.6±0.4	23.6±0.6
5/25	118.1±7.1	41.2±2.1^*	28.1±1.4	9.9±0.9^*	23.8±0.4	24.0±2.4
6/10	74.2±4.0	56.1±2.5^*	16.5±1.3	13.8±0.7^*	22.2±0.6	24.6±0.4
6/25	90.9±4.8	43.6±2.4^*	20.4±1.5	10.6±0.5^*	22.4±1.2	24.3±0.5
7/14	72.3±3.6	28.5±1.2^*	16.0±0.9	6.9±0.3^*	22.1±0.3	24.2±0.4

采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	根鲜重 Root fresh weight/g		根干重 Root dry weight/g		根折干率 Root drying rate/%
采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting
3/22	12.8±0.7	2.4±0.1^*	2.5±0.1	0.6±0.0^*	19.6±0.4	25.4±0.9^*
4/6	25.0±1.9	4.7±0.2^*	6.3±0.7	1.6±0.1^*	25.1±1.1	34.0±1.2^*
4/21	33.1±1.5	20.3±1.3^*	8.5±0.7	6.2±0.4^*	25.6±1.0	30.7±0.3^*
5/7	49.6±3.2	37.2±1.6^*	11.1±0.8	14.6±0.6^*	22.4±0.2	39.3±0.4^*
5/25	48.9±2.7	44.4±2.4	12.9±0.6	18.0±0.8^*	26.4±0.4	40.6±0.7^*
6/10	43.2±2.8	61.5±5.1^*	10.4±0.9	23.0±1.3^*	24.1±0.6	37.5±1.4^*
6/25	54.1±0.4	125.7±8.1^*	15.4±0.8	44.3±2.7^*	28.4±1.4	35.3±1.2^*
7/14	62.9±3.1	150.4±7.4^*	17.4±0.9	47.4±2.4^*	27.7±0.1	31.5±0.1^*

采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	根鲜重 Root fresh weight/g		根干重 Root dry weight/g		根折干率 Root drying rate/%
采集时间Sampling date（m/d）	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting	早期抽薹 Early bolting	非抽薹 Non-bolting
3/22	12.8±0.7	2.4±0.1^*	2.5±0.1	0.6±0.0^*	19.6±0.4	25.4±0.9^*
4/6	25.0±1.9	4.7±0.2^*	6.3±0.7	1.6±0.1^*	25.1±1.1	34.0±1.2^*
4/21	33.1±1.5	20.3±1.3^*	8.5±0.7	6.2±0.4^*	25.6±1.0	30.7±0.3^*
5/7	49.6±3.2	37.2±1.6^*	11.1±0.8	14.6±0.6^*	22.4±0.2	39.3±0.4^*
5/25	48.9±2.7	44.4±2.4	12.9±0.6	18.0±0.8^*	26.4±0.4	40.6±0.7^*
6/10	43.2±2.8	61.5±5.1^*	10.4±0.9	23.0±1.3^*	24.1±0.6	37.5±1.4^*
6/25	54.1±0.4	125.7±8.1^*	15.4±0.8	44.3±2.7^*	28.4±1.4	35.3±1.2^*
7/14	62.9±3.1	150.4±7.4^*	17.4±0.9	47.4±2.4^*	27.7±0.1	31.5±0.1^*

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