辣椒种质资源苗期耐热性综合评价体系的建立

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0391

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为建立辣椒苗期耐热性综合评价体系，以30份辣椒种质为试验材料，随机分成2组，分别用于耐热性预测模型构建（20份）和模型验证（10份）。利用人工气候室模拟高温环境，测定10个与高温相关的形态和生理指标，应用主成分分析、隶属函数、聚类分析、逐步回归分析法综合评价辣椒材料的耐热性。结果表明，在10个指标中，有8个单项指标受高温影响显著，其可转化为3个相互独立的综合指标，累计贡献率达76.474%；基于综合评价值（D值）的系统聚类将20份材料分为抗、中抗、中感和敏感4大类；通过逐步回归分析构建了预测方程，并以此方程对验证组10份材料的耐热性进行预测，结果与D值极显著相关，表明此方程对辣椒苗期耐热性的预测具有较好的可靠性，可用于辣椒苗期耐热性评价。通过比较热害指数法和综合评价法鉴定辣椒苗期耐热性，发现2种方法的鉴定结果总体相似，热害指数法对于中等抗性材料的鉴定区分度不够，但其更直观、便捷，可作为耐热性鉴定的可靠指标和进行耐热性初步评价。

关键词: 辣椒, 苗期耐热性, 综合评价体系, 预测方程, 热害指数

Abstract:

To establish the comprehensive evaluation system of pepper seedlings on heat tolerance， 30 pepper germplasms were randomly divided into 2 groups， which were used for heat resistance predictive model construction （containing 20 materials） and model validation （10 materials）， respectively. The high temperature environment was set in artificial climate chamber. The 10 morphological and physiological indexes of pepper seedlings were determined， and the heat tolerance of pepper seedlings were evaluated by principal component， subordinate function， cluster analysis and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that among the 10 indexes， 8 indexes were significantly affected by high temperature， which could be transformed into 3 independent comprehensive indexes and the accumulative contribution rate was 76.474%. The 20 materials were divided into 4 categories： heat-resistance， medium heat-resistance， medium heat-sensitivity and heat-sensitivity by systematic clustering method based on the comprehensive evaluation value （D value）. The prediction equation was constructed by stepwise regression analysis， and the heat tolerance of the test materials was predicted by this equation. The predicted values were significantly correlated with the D value， indicating that this equation was reliable for predicting the heat resistance of pepper seedlings， and could be used to evaluate heat-tolerance of pepper at seedling stage. By comparing the heat injury index （HII） identification method and the comprehensive evaluation method to identify the heat resistance of pepper seedlings， it was found that the identification results of the 2 methods were generally similar. The HII method was insufficient to distinguish the heat-tolerance of moderately tolerant materials， but because of its intuition and convenience， it could be used as a reliable index for heat-tolerance identification， and used for preliminary evaluation of heat-tolerance.

Key words: pepper, heat tolerance at seedling stage, comprehensive evaluation system, prediction equation, heat injury index

中图分类号:

S641.3

雷刚, 方荣, 周坤华, 陈学军, 袁欣捷, 黄月琴, 李歌歌, 谢媛媛, 宋小民. 辣椒种质资源苗期耐热性综合评价体系的建立[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(3): 60-70.

Gang LEI, Rong FANG, Kunhua ZHOU, Xuejun CHEN, Xinjie YUAN, Yueqin HUANG, Gege LI, Yuanyuan XIE, Xiaomin SONG. Establishment of Comprehensive Evaluation System of Pepper Germplasm Resources on Heat Tolerance at Seedling Stage[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(3): 60-70.

图/表 9

参考文献 32

1	Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [M]. Cambridge, UK and New York, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2013:1535.
2	ASLAM A Q, AHMAD S R, AHMAD I, et al.. Vulnerability and impact assessment of extreme climatic event: a case study of southern Punjab, Pakistan [J]. Sci. Total Environ., 2017, 580: 468-481.
3	WANG J, LIANG C, YANG S, et al.. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of heat stress-induced mechanisms in pepper seedlings [J/OL]. Peer J., 2021, 9: e11509 [2023-04-21]. .
4	DING Y H, REN G Y, SHI G Y, et al.. China’s national assessment report on climate change (I): climate change in China and the future trend [J]. Adv. Climate Change Res., 2007, 3(S1): 1-5.
5	王鑫, 徐乃林, 赵尊练, 等. 花期高温胁迫对线辣椒形态指标及生理特性的影响[J]. 辣椒杂志, 2016, 14(2): 18-21, 37.
	WANG X, XU N L, ZHAO Z L, et al.. Effects of high temperature stress during flowering on morphological and physiological characters in linear hot pepper [J]. J. China Capsicum, 2016, 14(2): 18-21, 37.
6	GUO M, ZHAI Y F, LU J P, et al.. Characterization of CaHsp70-1, a pepper heat-shock protein gene in response to heat stress and some regulation exogenous substances in Capsicum annuum L. [J]. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2014, 15(11): 19741-19759.
7	苏小俊, 袁希汉, 徐海. 大白菜耐热性和过氧化物酶活性与热害指数的相关性[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2007, 23(5): 456-458.
	SU X J, YUAN X H, XU H. Correlation between heat tolerance and POD activity and heat injury index of Chinese cabbage [J]. Jiangsu J. Agric. Sci., 2007, 23(5): 456-458.
8	李光光, 张财顺, 郑岩松. 不同菜心品种耐热性鉴定指标的筛选[J]. 北方园艺, 2012(18): 1-5.
	LI G G, ZHANG C S, ZHENG Y S. Screening of assessment indexes on heat tolerance in different Chinese flowering cabbage cultivars [J]. North. Hortic., 2012(18): 1-5.
9	赵思涵, 田丽波, 商桑, 等. 黑叶不结球白菜耐热性的抗氧化指标评估体系的构建[J]. 西北农业学报, 2019, 28(11): 1852-1860.
	ZHAO S H, TIAN L B, SHANG S, et al.. Construction of evaluation system for antioxidant index of heat resistance in black leaf non-heading Chinese cabbage [J]. Acta Agric. Bor- Occid. Sin., 2019, 28(11): 1852-1860.
10	田守波, 陈春宏, 张兆辉. 瓠瓜对高温胁迫的生理生化响应及耐热性评价[J]. 上海农业学报, 2020, 36(6): 18-23.
	TIAN S B, CHEN C H, ZHANG Z H. Physiological and biochemical response to heat stress and heat resistances evaluation of bottle gourds [J]. Acta Agric. Shanghai, 2020, 36(6): 18-23.
11	JAGADISH S V K, WAY D A, SHARKEY T D. Plant heat stress: concepts directing future research [J]. Plant Cell Environ., 2021, 44(7): 1992-2005.
12	徐小万, 曹必好, 陈国菊, 等. 高温高湿对辣椒抗氧化系统的影响及不同品种抗氧化性差异研究[J]. 华北农学报, 2008, 23(1): 81-86.
	XU X W, CAO B H, CHEN G J, et al.. Effects of high temperature and air humidity stress on antioxidant system and antioxidant activity differences of hot pepper varieties [J]. Acta Agric. Boreali-Sin., 2008, 23(1): 81-86.
13	姚元干, 石雪晖, 杨建国, 等. 辣椒叶片耐热性生理生化指标探讨[J]. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 1998, 24(2): 119-122.
	YAO Y G, SHI X H, YANG J G, et al.. Study on physiological and biochemical indice of heat tolerance of pepper leaves [J]. J. Hunan Agric. Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 1998, 24(2): 119-122.
14	潘宝贵, 王述彬, 刘金兵, 等. 高温胁迫对不同辣椒品种苗期光合作用的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2006, 22(2): 137-140.
	PAN B G, WANG S B, LIU J B, et al.. Effect of heat stress on photosynthesis of pepper cultivars at seedling stage [J]. Jiangsu J. Agric. Sci., 2006, 22(2): 137-140.
15	朱德宁, 刘素娜, 赵绮薇, 等. 有棱丝瓜耐热性种质资源筛选与耐热生理响应[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2021, 49(9): 132-137.
	ZHU D N, LIU S N, ZHAO Q W, et al.. Screening of heat-tolerant germplasm resources of Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. and its physiological response to heat resistance [J]. Jiangsu Agric. Sci., 2021, 49(9): 132-137.
16	CHAKRABORTEE S, BOSCHETTI C, WALTON L J, et al.. Hydrophilic protein associated with desiccation tolerance exhibits broad protein stabilization function [J]. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2007, 104(46): 18073-18078.
17	李晓锋, 侯瑞贤, 朱玉英, 等. 高温胁迫对大白菜抗氧化系统酶及可溶性蛋白质和热稳定蛋白质的影响[J]. 上海农业学报, 2009, 25(4): 26-30.
	LI X F, HOU R X, ZHU Y Y, et al.. Effects of heat stress on antioxidant enzymes, solubk protein and heat-stable protein of Chinese cabbage [J]. Acta Agric. Shanghai, 2009, 25(4): 26-30.
18	陈文超, 欧立军, 王静, 等. 辣椒植株耐热性鉴定技术规程: [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2019.
19	李合生. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000: 1-49.
20	YIN H, CHEN Q M, YI M F. Effects of short-term heat stress on oxidative damage and responses of antioxidant system in Lilium longiflorum [J]. Plant Growth Regul., 2008, 54(1): 45-54.
21	姚元干, 石雪晖, 杨建国, 等. 辣椒耐热性与叶片质膜透性及几种生化物质含量的关系[J]. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2000, 26(2): 97-99.
	YAO Y G, SHI X H, YANG J G, et al.. Relations of the permeability of plasma membrane of leaves and the contents of several biochemical matter to heat-tolerance of pepper [J]. J. Hunan Agric. Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 2000, 26(2): 97-99.
22	姜燕, 黄新根, 杨寅桂, 等. 辣椒苗期耐热性及其生理生化特性研究[J]. 长江蔬菜, 2014(12): 47-49, 50.
	JIANG Y, HUANG X G, YANG Y G, et al.. Study on heat tolerance and physiological-biochemical characteristics of hot pepper seedlings [J]. J. Changjiang Veget., 2014(12): 47-49, 50.
23	王静, 梁成亮, 张西露, 等. 辣椒种质资源的耐热性评价与鉴定[J]. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 46(5): 551-557.
	WANG J, LIANG C L, ZHANG X L, et al.. Evaluation and identification of resistance to heat stress in germplasm resources of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) [J]. J. Hunan Agric. Univ. (Nat. Sci.), 2020, 46(5): 551-557.
24	康俊根, 翟依仁, 张京社, 等. 甘蓝耐热性鉴定方法[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2002(1): 4-7.
	KANG J G, ZHAI Y R, ZHANG J S, et al.. Study on high temperature injury and identification method of heat tolerance in cabbage [J]. China Veget., 2002(1): 4-7.
25	孙保娟, 李植良, 黎振兴, 等. 茄子耐热性苗期鉴定研究[J]. 广东农业科学, 2007, 34(2): 27-29.
	SUN B J, LI Z L, LI Z X, et al.. Studies on assaying system at seedling stage for heat-tolerance of eggplant (Solanum melogena L.) [J]. Guangdong Agric. Sci., 2007, 34(2): 27-29.
26	张冉, 贾利, 方凌, 等. 茄子耐热性苗期指标的筛选及耐热种质鉴定[J]. 长江蔬菜, 2017(12): 36-40.
	ZHANG R, JIA L, FANG L, et al.. Screening of heat-tolerance indexes on eggplant seedling stage and evaluation of heat-tolerance germplasm [J]. J. Changjiang Veget., 2017(12): 36-40.
27	赵东风, 郭勤卫, 项小敏, 等. 利用隶属函数法对观赏辣椒种质资源耐热性的评价[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2019, 60(1): 64-66.
	ZHAO D F, GUO Q W, XIANG X M, et al.. Evaluation of heat resistance of ornamental pepper germplasm resources by membership function method [J]. J. Zhejiang Agric. Sci., 2019, 60(1): 64-66.
28	张婷, 郭勤卫, 刘慧琴, 等. 基于隶属函数法的辣椒苗期耐冷性综合评价[J]. 江西农业学报, 2020, 32(4): 49-55.
	ZHANG T, GUO Q W, LIU H Q, et al.. Comprehensive evaluation of low temperature resistance of pepper at seeding stage by membership function method [J]. Acta Agric. Jiangxi, 2020, 32(4): 49-55.
29	宋静爽, 王静, 刘周斌, 等. 辣椒苗期对低温胁迫的响应及耐冷评价体系的建立[J]. 分子植物育种, 2020, 18(22): 7537-7546.
	SONG J S, WANG J, LIU Z B, et al.. Response of pepper seedlings to low temperature stress and establishment of cold tolerance evaluation system [J]. Mol. Plant Breed., 2020, 18(22): 7537-7546.
30	但忠, 木万福, 龙洪进, 等. 不同欧洲型黄瓜苗期耐热性综合评价[J]. 热带作物学报, 2016, 37(12): 2312-2318.
	DAN Z, MU W F, LONG H J, et al.. Comprehensive evaluation on heat tolerance of different Europe-type cucumber germplasm at seeding stage [J]. Chin. J. Trop. Crops, 2016, 37(12): 2312-2318.
31	陈中钐, 杜文丽, 许端祥, 等. 苦瓜苗期耐热性综合评价及其鉴定指标的筛选[J]. 江西农业学报, 2022, 34(3): 1-7.
	CHEN Z S, DU W L, XU D X, et al.. Comprehensive evaluation of Momordica charantia heat tolerance at seedling stage and screening of identification indexes [J]. Acta Agric. Jiangxi, 2022, 34(3): 1-7.
32	丁圆圆, 王曦奥, 刘策, 等. 黄瓜耐湿冷性苗期综合评价预测方程的建立[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(11): 87-96.
	DING Y Y, WANG X A, LIU C, et al.. Establishment of comprehensive evaluation and prediction equation for cucumber wet-cold tolerance at seedling stage [J]. J. Agric. Sci. Technol., 2022, 24(11): 87-96.

组别 Group	材料编号 Material No.	可溶性糖 SS	可溶性蛋白 SP	过氧化物酶 POD	过氧化氢酶 CAT	脯氨酸 Pro	丙二醛MDA	相对电导率 REC	株高 PH
第1组 Group 1	WY86	3.141	1.458	0.932	2.210	3.408	0.945	0.909	0.763
	C031	1.495	1.662	1.040	0.873	1.687	0.528	0.752	0.917
	WY14	3.074	1.074	2.249	2.282	3.315	0.931	0.881	0.613
	B048	2.251	1.551	1.394	2.751	2.309	0.706	0.897	0.982
	C134	2.094	1.827	1.988	1.758	3.164	0.770	0.980	0.772
	B410	2.581	1.879	1.105	2.232	2.030	0.535	0.825	0.907
	C099	1.867	1.299	2.554	2.048	3.196	0.642	0.868	0.646
	A264	2.988	1.746	2.106	2.396	2.686	0.811	0.937	0.807
	WY69	1.180	1.246	0.856	0.069	1.383	0.624	0.747	0.813
	A162	1.938	1.184	1.222	2.011	1.643	0.735	0.895	0.891
	WY231	1.702	1.690	2.077	2.053	3.716	0.629	0.818	0.685
	C002	3.775	2.608	2.280	3.179	3.278	0.871	0.961	0.728
	A134	3.071	1.075	1.211	1.714	1.816	0.856	0.754	0.843
	WY73	1.877	1.017	1.850	1.769	1.688	0.600	0.581	0.786
	B324	1.826	1.263	3.549	2.875	1.401	0.655	0.863	0.604
	B040	3.198	1.022	1.711	1.968	2.224	0.728	0.738	0.744
	B018	5.395	1.434	1.865	2.338	4.810	0.935	0.497	0.852
	A204	2.330	1.931	2.275	1.748	2.420	0.796	0.906	0.703
	B135	3.632	1.479	1.702	1.799	1.878	0.830	0.853	0.840
	WY266	2.878	1.466	1.090	1.986	2.408	0.607	0.912	0.852
第2组 Group 2	A124	5.703	1.091	1.972	3.093	2.214	0.925	0.856	0.847
	A158	2.155	1.489	0.810	0.780	1.935	0.750	0.917	0.758
	A198	3.310	1.352	1.253	2.531	1.981	0.837	0.887	0.970
	WY248	1.631	1.974	1.206	0.913	1.121	0.642	0.871	0.715
	B166	1.984	1.813	0.888	0.843	1.918	0.702	0.909	0.910
	C004	2.333	1.285	2.377	2.406	2.435	0.677	0.810	0.723
	C168	1.840	1.343	1.245	2.117	1.610	0.548	0.873	0.628
	A196	2.102	1.615	1.865	1.795	2.527	0.636	0.999	0.953
	WY284	1.690	1.278	1.424	1.599	2.374	0.655	0.836	0.855
	C189	1.565	1.666	1.599	1.493	2.021	0.550	0.731	0.876
均值Mean		2.554	1.494	1.657	1.921	2.353	0.722	0.842	0.799
标准差SD		1.060	0.350	0.623	0.705	0.807	0.128	0.108	0.106
变异系数CV/%		41.50	23.43	37.60	36.70	34.30	17.73	12.83	13.27

组别 Group	材料编号 Material No.	可溶性糖 SS	可溶性蛋白 SP	过氧化物酶 POD	过氧化氢酶 CAT	脯氨酸 Pro	丙二醛MDA	相对电导率 REC	株高 PH
第1组 Group 1	WY86	3.141	1.458	0.932	2.210	3.408	0.945	0.909	0.763
	C031	1.495	1.662	1.040	0.873	1.687	0.528	0.752	0.917
	WY14	3.074	1.074	2.249	2.282	3.315	0.931	0.881	0.613
	B048	2.251	1.551	1.394	2.751	2.309	0.706	0.897	0.982
	C134	2.094	1.827	1.988	1.758	3.164	0.770	0.980	0.772
	B410	2.581	1.879	1.105	2.232	2.030	0.535	0.825	0.907
	C099	1.867	1.299	2.554	2.048	3.196	0.642	0.868	0.646
	A264	2.988	1.746	2.106	2.396	2.686	0.811	0.937	0.807
	WY69	1.180	1.246	0.856	0.069	1.383	0.624	0.747	0.813
	A162	1.938	1.184	1.222	2.011	1.643	0.735	0.895	0.891
	WY231	1.702	1.690	2.077	2.053	3.716	0.629	0.818	0.685
	C002	3.775	2.608	2.280	3.179	3.278	0.871	0.961	0.728
	A134	3.071	1.075	1.211	1.714	1.816	0.856	0.754	0.843
	WY73	1.877	1.017	1.850	1.769	1.688	0.600	0.581	0.786
	B324	1.826	1.263	3.549	2.875	1.401	0.655	0.863	0.604
	B040	3.198	1.022	1.711	1.968	2.224	0.728	0.738	0.744
	B018	5.395	1.434	1.865	2.338	4.810	0.935	0.497	0.852
	A204	2.330	1.931	2.275	1.748	2.420	0.796	0.906	0.703
	B135	3.632	1.479	1.702	1.799	1.878	0.830	0.853	0.840
	WY266	2.878	1.466	1.090	1.986	2.408	0.607	0.912	0.852
第2组 Group 2	A124	5.703	1.091	1.972	3.093	2.214	0.925	0.856	0.847
	A158	2.155	1.489	0.810	0.780	1.935	0.750	0.917	0.758
	A198	3.310	1.352	1.253	2.531	1.981	0.837	0.887	0.970
	WY248	1.631	1.974	1.206	0.913	1.121	0.642	0.871	0.715
	B166	1.984	1.813	0.888	0.843	1.918	0.702	0.909	0.910
	C004	2.333	1.285	2.377	2.406	2.435	0.677	0.810	0.723
	C168	1.840	1.343	1.245	2.117	1.610	0.548	0.873	0.628
	A196	2.102	1.615	1.865	1.795	2.527	0.636	0.999	0.953
	WY284	1.690	1.278	1.424	1.599	2.374	0.655	0.836	0.855
	C189	1.565	1.666	1.599	1.493	2.021	0.550	0.731	0.876
均值Mean		2.554	1.494	1.657	1.921	2.353	0.722	0.842	0.799
标准差SD		1.060	0.350	0.623	0.705	0.807	0.128	0.108	0.106
变异系数CV/%		41.50	23.43	37.60	36.70	34.30	17.73	12.83	13.27

指标 Index	可溶性糖 SS	可溶性蛋白SP	过氧化物酶POD	过氧化氢酶CAT	脯氨酸 Pro	丙二醛 MDA	相对电导率 REC
可溶性蛋白SP	-0.076
过氧化物酶POD	0.135	-0.006
过氧化氢酶CAT	0.574^**	0.002	0.576^**
脯氨酸Pro	0.467^**	0.172	0.300	0.400^*
丙二醛MDA	0.759^**	-0.059	0.148	0.408^*	0.488^**
相对电导率REC	-0.162	0.401	0.035	0.144	-0.094	-0.092
株高PH	0.119	0.061	-0.552^**	-0.127	-0.152	-0.059	-0.053

指标 Index	可溶性糖 SS	可溶性蛋白SP	过氧化物酶POD	过氧化氢酶CAT	脯氨酸 Pro	丙二醛 MDA	相对电导率 REC
可溶性蛋白SP	-0.076
过氧化物酶POD	0.135	-0.006
过氧化氢酶CAT	0.574^**	0.002	0.576^**
脯氨酸Pro	0.467^**	0.172	0.300	0.400^*
丙二醛MDA	0.759^**	-0.059	0.148	0.408^*	0.488^**
相对电导率REC	-0.162	0.401	0.035	0.144	-0.094	-0.092
株高PH	0.119	0.061	-0.552^**	-0.127	-0.152	-0.059	-0.053

组别 Group	综合指标 CI	标准化特征向量Standardization eigenvector								贡献率 Contribution ratio/%
组别 Group	综合指标 CI	可溶性糖 SS	可溶性蛋白 SP	过氧化物酶 POD	过氧化氢酶 CAT	脯氨酸 Pro	丙二醛 MDA	相对电导率 REC	株高 PH	贡献率 Contribution ratio/%
第1组 Group 1	1	0.395	0.226	0.340	0.451	0.438	0.426	0.140	-0.284	36.375
	2	0.495	-0.101	-0.472	-0.103	0.227	0.287	-0.410	0.457	22.502
	3	-0.030	0.648	-0.306	0.133	-0.032	-0.070	0.530	0.425	17.597
第2组 Group 2	1	0.482	-0.456	0.377	0.509	0.073	0.365	-0.091	0.106	41.003
	2	0.179	0.153	-0.105	-0.176	-0.574	0.470	0.522	0.283	25.496
	3	0.122	0.211	-0.317	0.030	0.441	0.035	-0.134	0.791	13.695