玉米秸秆颗粒燃料层燃特性研究

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0150

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究不同过量空气系数（α）对生物质成型燃料层燃特性的影响，以我国东北粮食主产区典型的玉米秸秆颗粒燃料为研究对象，搭建生物质成型燃料固定床试验台，模拟生物质成型燃料沿炉膛高度和炉排行进方向上的燃烧过程，分别进行了风量为30、40、50、60和70 Nm³·h^-1共5个工况的25组燃烧试验。应用巡检仪采集试验数据，采集步长为1 min，将采集到的数据用矩阵化、多项式拟合等方法进行处理分析。结果表明：当一次风量（Q_ao）≥50 Nm³·h^-1时，燃料的着火延迟时间（t_d）、火焰向下传递速率（R_f）及灰渣中可燃物含量（η_a）均随Q_ao的增加而降低；当Q_ao<50 Nm³·h^-1时，燃料的t_d、R_f、η_a参量均随Q_ao的增加而增加；在距离炉排高度200~150和100~50 mm燃烧区内，随着Q_ao的增加，R_f呈现先减小后增大的趋势。在距离炉排高度150~100 mm燃烧区内，当Q_ao≤40 Nm³·h^-1时，R_f随Q_ao的增加而增加，当Q_ao>40 Nm³·h^-1时，R_f趋于平稳。由试验分析可知，当Q_ao的值为50 Nm³·h^-1（α的值为1.163）时，t_d为3.34 min，燃烧温度水平较高且时间较短（约为45 min），燃烧后η_a为0.71%，层燃特性较为理想。

关键词: 玉米秸秆, 颗粒, 过量空气系数, 着火特性, 燃烧特性, 燃尽特性

Abstract:

To study the influence of different excess air coefficient （α） on the layer combustion characteristics of biomass briquettes， the typical corn straw pellet fuel in the main grain production areas in Northeast China was used as the research object， and a fixed-bed test rig for biomass pellets was built to simulate of the combustion process of biomass pellets along the height of the furnace and moving direction of the grate， 25 sets of combustion tests under 5 working conditions of 30， 40， 50， 60 and 70 Nm³·h^-1 were carried out， respectively. The test data was collected by the patrol instrument， and the collection step length was 1 min. The collected data was processed and analyzed by methods such as matrix and polynomial fitting. The test results indicated that when the primary air flow （Q_ao） was not less than 50 Nm³·h^-1， the ignition delay time （t_d）， flame downward propagation rate （R_f） and fuel content in ash （η_a） decreased with the increase of Q_ao._{As Q_aowas less than 50 Nm³·h^-1， t_d， R_f， and η_aincreased with the increasing of Q_ao. In the combustion zones of 200~150 and 100~50 mm， R_f showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing. In the combustion zone of 150~100 mm， when Q_aowas not more than 40 Nm³·h^-1， R_f increased with the increasing of Q_ao， and then as Q_ao was more than 40 Nm³·h^-1， R_f tended to be stable. It was found that when Q_ao was 50 Nm³·h^-1 （α was 1.163）， t_d was 3.34 min， and the combustion temperature was higher and the time was shorter （about 45 min） than other Q_ao， and η_awas 0.71%， the layer combustion characteristics were more ideal than other conditions.}

Key words: corn straw, pellets, excess air coefficient, ignition characteristics, combustion characteristic, burnout characteristics

中图分类号:

S216.2

邵东伟, 刘文斌, 栾积毅, 韩平, 钟海涛, 冯海城. 玉米秸秆颗粒燃料层燃特性研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(10): 109-118.

Dongwei SHAO, Wenbin LIU, Jiyi LUAN, Ping HAN, Haitao ZHONG, Haicheng FENG. Study on Layer Combustion Characteristics of Corn Straw Pellets[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(10): 109-118.

图/表 14

表1 玉米秸秆颗粒燃料工业分析和元素分析

Table 1 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis of corn stalk pellet fuel

样品

Sample

工业分析

Industrial analysis/wt%

元素分析

Elemental analysis/wt%

低位发热量

Low calorific

value/（kJ·kg^-1）

玉米秸秆颗粒燃料

Corn stalk pellet fuel

图1 生物质成型燃料固定床试验台

Fig. 1 Fixed-bed test rig for biomass pellets

图2 玉米秸秆颗粒燃料着火温度曲线

Fig. 2 Ignition temperature of corn stalk pellets

表2 一次风量和过量空气系数

Table 2 Primary air flow and excess air coefficient

一次风量 Primary air flow/（Nm³·h^-1）	过量空气系数 Excess air factor
30	0.861
40	1.049
50	1.163
60	1.307
70	1.663

图3 玉米秸秆颗粒燃料着火温度拟合曲线

Fig. 3 Ignition temperature fitting curve of corn stalk pellets

表3 不同风量下着火延迟时间

Table 3 Ignition delay time at different air volumes

一次风量 Primary air flow/（Nm³·h^-1）	着火延迟时间 Ignition delay time/（min）
30	6.36
40	6.09
50	3.34
60	8.28
70	9.77

图4 一次风量为40 Nm3·h-1时温度曲线

Fig. 4 Combustion temperature change curve under primary air flow rate 40 Nm3·h-1

图5 一次风量为40 Nm·h-1时燃烧温度变化曲线

Fig. 5 Temperature curve under primary air flow rate 40 Nm·h-1

图6 玉米秸秆颗粒燃料床层温度分布

Fig. 6 Temperature distribution of corn stalk pellets bed

图7 不同一次风量下200 mm处温度变化

Fig. 7 Temperature change at 200 mm under different primary air flow rate

图8 200~50 mm火焰向下传递速率变化

Fig. 8 Fitting change of downward transfer rate of 200~50 mm flame

图9 各燃烧区间火焰向下传递速率变化

Fig. 9 Flame transfer rate change in each combustion interval

表4 灰渣中可燃物含量

Table 4 Flammable content in ash residue

一次风量 Primary air flow/（Nm³·h^-1）	灰渣中可燃物含量 Combustible content in ash residue/%
30	0.89
40	0.79
50	0.71
60	0.73
70	1.47

图10 着火延迟时间与灰渣中可燃物含量变化

Fig. 10 Change of ignition delay time and combustible content in ash

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