甘蔗收获机切割器入土切割深度监控系统设计与试验

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0110

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 101-109.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0110

• 智慧农业农机装备 • 上一篇

甘蔗收获机切割器入土切割深度监控系统设计与试验

何冯光¹(), 陈自宏¹, 邓干然¹(), 李腾辉¹^,³, 周思理¹, 李国杰¹, 崔振德¹, 郑爽¹, 李玲¹, 覃双眉¹, 王翔², 杨少应², 周德强³

^1.中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所，农业农村部热带作物农业装备重点实验室，广东省农业类颗粒体精量排控工程技术研究中心，广东湛江 524091
^2.雷州雷宝机械有限公司，广东湛江 524200
^3.江南大学机械工程学院，江苏无锡 214122

收稿日期:2023-02-19 接受日期:2023-04-25 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-14
通讯作者: 邓干然
作者简介:何冯光 E-mail： 879909560@qq.com；
基金资助:
湛江市科技发展专项(2020A01005);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630132022001);湛江市科技计划项目重点实验室建设专项(2020A05004)

Design and Performance of Cutting Depth Monitoring System for Sugarcane Harvester Cutter

Fengguang HE¹(), Zihong CHEN¹, Ganran DENG¹(), Tenghui LI¹^,³, Sili ZHOU¹, Guojie LI¹, Zhende CUI¹, Shuang ZHENG¹, Ling LI¹, Shuangmei QIN¹, Xiang WANG², Shaoying YANG², Deqiang ZHOU³

^1.Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Machinery of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Precision Emission Control of Agricultural Particulates，Tropical Agricultural Machinery Research Institute，Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences，Guangdong Zhanjiang 524013，China
^2.Leizhou Leibao Machinery Co. ，Ltd. ，Guangdong Zhanjiang 524200，China
^3.School of Mechamical Eqineering，Jiangnan University，Jiangsu Wuxi 214122，China

Received:2023-02-19 Accepted:2023-04-25 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-05-14
Contact: Ganran DENG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

入土切割是降低甘蔗收获机破头率的重要方法。为了实现甘蔗收获机切割器随地面起伏自动调控入土深度，保持切割器入土深度的一致性，基于4GQ-1型甘蔗收获机，设计一种甘蔗收获机切割器入土切割深度监测与自动控制系统，实现切割器入土深度自动调控及其参数可视化，并通过室内试验和田间试验检验系统的监控性能。室内试验结果表明，监控系统的入土深度监测精度平均值为98.90%，自动控制精度平均值为97.7%，监测精度和自动控制精度达到95.0%以上。田间试验结果表明，在20、30和50 mm入土深度的条件下，监控系统的自动控制精度的平均值分别是85.3%、90.6%、94.1%，自动控制精度达到85.0%以上，监控系统总体设计合理，性能良好。研究结果可为甘蔗收获机切割器入土切割深度控制系统研究提供理论参考，对甘蔗收获机优化升级具有重要的参考意义。

关键词: 甘蔗收获机, 切割器, 监测, 控制, 入土深度

Abstract:

Cutting into soil is an important method to reduce the broken head rate of sugarcane harvester. In order to control the depth of the cutter automatically with the fluctuation of the ground and keep the consistency of the depth of the cutter， based on the 4GQ-1 sugarcane harvester， a monitoring and automatic control system for cutting depth of sugarcane harvester cutter was designed， which realizingautomatic control and parameter visualization of cutting depth， and the monitoring performance of the system was tested by indoor and field experiments. The indoor test results showed that the average monitoring precision of the monitoring system was 98.90%， the average of the automatic control precision was 97.7%， and the monitoring precision and the automatic control precision were over 95.0%. Under the condition of 20， 30 and 50 mm depth in field experiment， the average of automatic control accuracy of the monitoring system was 85.3%， 90.6% and 94.1%， respectively， and the automatic control accuracy was over 85.0%. The overall design of the monitoring system was reasonable， good performance. The results could be used as a theoretical basis for the research of cutting depth control system of sugarcane harvester， and had important reference significance for optimization and upgrading of sugarcane harvester.

Key words: sugarcane harvester, cutter, monitoring, control, depth of burial

中图分类号:

S225.8

何冯光, 陈自宏, 邓干然, 李腾辉, 周思理, 李国杰, 崔振德, 郑爽, 李玲, 覃双眉, 王翔, 杨少应, 周德强. 甘蔗收获机切割器入土切割深度监控系统设计与试验[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(5): 101-109.

Fengguang HE, Zihong CHEN, Ganran DENG, Tenghui LI, Sili ZHOU, Guojie LI, Zhende CUI, Shuang ZHENG, Ling LI, Shuangmei QIN, Xiang WANG, Shaoying YANG, Deqiang ZHOU. Design and Performance of Cutting Depth Monitoring System for Sugarcane Harvester Cutter[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2024, 26(5): 101-109.

图/表 11

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参数Parameter	数值Value
发动机功率Engine power/kW	162
外形尺寸（长×宽×高）Appearance size （length × width × height）/mm	9 300 × 2 400 × 4 100
整机质量Total weight/kg	9 500
收割行数Number of rows harvested	1
收割行距Harvest spacing/m	≥1.2
最大驾驶速度Maximum driving speed/（km·h^-1）	19
额定喂入量Rated feeding amount/（kg·s^-1）	5.5
生产率Pure working productivity/（hm²·h^-1）	0.26

参数Parameter	数值Value
发动机功率Engine power/kW	162
外形尺寸（长×宽×高）Appearance size （length × width × height）/mm	9 300 × 2 400 × 4 100
整机质量Total weight/kg	9 500
收割行数Number of rows harvested	1
收割行距Harvest spacing/m	≥1.2
最大驾驶速度Maximum driving speed/（km·h^-1）	19
额定喂入量Rated feeding amount/（kg·s^-1）	5.5
生产率Pure working productivity/（hm²·h^-1）	0.26

参数Parameter	数值Value
定位精度Positioning accuracy/m	3
速度精度Speed accuracy/ （m·s^-1）	<0.1
最高定位更新率Maximum positioning update rate/ Hz	10
最大速度Maximum speed/ （m·s^-1）	515

参数Parameter	数值Value
定位精度Positioning accuracy/m	3
速度精度Speed accuracy/ （m·s^-1）	<0.1
最高定位更新率Maximum positioning update rate/ Hz	10
最大速度Maximum speed/ （m·s^-1）	515

水平 Level	因素Factor
水平 Level	前进速度 Forward speed/（m·s^-1）	安装高度 Mounting height/mm
1	2.50	30
2	2.00	25
3	1.50	20
4	1.00	15

甘蔗收获机切割器入土切割深度监控系统设计与试验

Design and Performance of Cutting Depth Monitoring System for Sugarcane Harvester Cutter

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摘要/Abstract

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图/表 11

参考文献 24

相关文章 15

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Metrics

编号 Code	前进速度 Forward speed/（m·s^-1）	入土深度显示 Display of deepth/mm	液压缸变化 Hydraulic cylinder variation/mm	监测精度 Monitoring accuracy/%
1	0.5	11.0	11.0	100.00
2	1.0	11.1	11.2	99.11
3	1.5	11.3	11.2	99.11
4	2.0	11.3	11.1	98.20
5	2.5	10.9	11.0	99.09
6	3.0	11.3	11.2	99.09
7	3.5	11.2	11.0	99.09
8	4.0	11.2	11.0	98.18
9	4.5	11.3	11.1	98.20

试验号Number	前进速度Forward speed/（m·s^-1）	安装高度Mounting height/ mm	控制精度Control accuracy/%
1	2.5	30	99.5
2	2.5	25	99.0
3	2.5	20	99.2
4	2.5	15	98.7
5	2	30	99.3
6	2	25	98.8
7	2	20	99.4
8	2	15	98.4
9	1.5	30	99.8
10	1.5	25	98.9
11	1.5	20	98.2
12	1.5	15	98.9
13	1	30	99.3
14	1	25	97.1
15	1	20	97.3
16	1	15	96.4

差异源 Source of variance	平方和 Sum of squared	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	F值F value	P值P value
前进速度Forward speed	0.571 1	1	0.571 1	3.276 5	0.737 8
安装高度Mounting height	1.768 8	1	1.768 8	10.148 0	0.573 0
回归Interaction	0.883 0	5	0.176 6	1.013 2	0.509 0
残差Error	0.697 0	4	0.174 3
总和Summation	1.58	9

试验号Number	预设值Default value/mm	实际深度Actual depth/mm	控制精度 Control accuracy/ %	精度平均值Mean value/%
1	20	22.33	88.4	85.3
2		17.33	86.7
3		21.00	95.0
4		15.00	75.0
5		26.33	68.4
6		20.33	98.4
7	30	33.00	90.0	90.6
8		34.33	85.6
9		28.00	93.3
10		26.33	87.8
11		32.67	91.1
12		28.67	95.6
13	50	50.67	98.7	94.1
14		51.00	98.0
15		47.00	94.0
16		54.33	91.3
17		56.67	86.7
18		48.00	96.0

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