Abstract: Insect silk is not only raw material of textile silk fiber, but also a kind of biological material with bright application prospects, due to its good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.The honeybee silk and silkworm silk have different protein structures, biological properties and material properties, so each has its unique research and development value. This article described the source of the honeybee silk and its role in nest, the composition and molecular structure and other macroscopic properties, such as crystallinity, solubility, mechanical properties, etc.; compared the honeybee silk with silkworm silk in the relevant characteristics in order to provide a reference for basic research and development of utilization.

Key words: honeybee silk, microstructure, crystallinity, solubility

摘要： 昆虫丝具有良好的机械性能和生物相容性，其不仅是纺织丝绸的纤维原料，也是一种具有广阔应用前景的生物材料。蜜蜂丝与蚕丝的蛋白结构存在差异，具有不同的生物性能及材料特性，从而具有独特的研究开发价值。阐述了蜜蜂丝的来源及其在蜂巢中的作用，蜜蜂丝的成分及分子结构等微观性质以及结晶度、溶解度、力学性能等宏观性质，并与蚕丝的相关特性进行比较，以期为蜜蜂丝的基础研究与开发利用提供参考。

关键词: 蜜蜂丝, 微观结构, 结晶度, 溶解度