Study on Inhibitory Effect of Lipopeptides Produced by Bacillus subtilis Czk1 on Anthracnose and Powdery Mildewof Rubber Tree

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0129

Abstract

Abstract:

Powdery mildew and anthracnose are important diseases which affect the production of natural rubber. In order to identify the inhibitory effect of lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis Czk1 on anthracnose and powdery mildew of rubber tree，rubber seedling Reyan 7-33-97 was used as material， the effects of the lipopeptide extraction of strain Czk1 on the mycelia growth morphology and conidial development of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were studied by co-culture method. Vitro and pot experiments were carried out to evaluate the inhibitory effect on rubber tree anthracnose and powdery mildew. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis Czk1 lipopeptide could induce mycelial deformation and breakage of C. gloeosporioides. The minimum Czk1 lipopeptide concentration of inhibiting C. gloeosporioides was 40 mg·L^-1， and the EC₅₀ value of inhibiting condia germination of C. gloeosporioides was 3.80 mg·L^-1. When the Czk1 lipopeptide concentration was 40 mg·L^-1， the inhibition rate of condia germination of C. gloeosporioides was 68.84%. When the concentration of lipopeptide was 1 000 mg·L^-1， the incidence rate ofrubber tree anthracnose decreased 43.40% and 49.90%， the disease index of rubber tree powdery mildew decreased 32.60 and 21.60， and the inhibition effect of powdery mildew of rubber tree was 45.60%. The results showed that the lipopeptide of strain Czk1 could effectively reduce the incidence of anthracnose and powdery mildew， inhibit the growth of the pathogen and delay the expansion of the disease， which had good biocontrol potential to control the leaf diseases of rubber trees.

Key words: Bacillus subtilis, lipopeptide antibiotics, rubber tree anthracnose, rubber tree powdery mildew, inhibitory effects

摘要：

白粉病和炭疽病是影响天然橡胶生产的重要病害。为明确枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis ）Czk1脂肽物质对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病的抑制作用，以橡胶种苗‘热研7-33-97’为试验材料，通过共培养法研究菌株Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）生长发育的影响，并采用脂肽粗提物和孢悬液法进行离体和盆栽试验评价其对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病的抑制作用。结果表明，Czk1脂肽类粗提物可导致橡胶树炭疽病菌菌丝畸形和断裂，抑制病菌的最低质量浓度为40 mg·L^-1，抑制其分生孢子萌发EC₅₀值为3.80 mg·L^-1；40 mg·L^-1的Czk1脂肽类粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌孢子萌发抑制率达68.84%。脂肽粗提物质量浓度在1 000 mg·L^-1时，可使盆栽和离体试验中炭疽病发病率降低43.40%和49.90%，同时亦使白粉病病情指数降低32.60和21.60，对橡胶树白粉病的防治效果为45.60%。由此表明，菌株Czk1脂肽物质能有效降低橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病发病率、抑制病菌生长并延缓病情的扩展，具有防治橡胶树叶部病害的良好生防潜力。

关键词: 枯草芽孢杆菌, 脂肽类化合物, 橡胶树炭疽病, 橡胶树白粉病, 抑菌作用

CLC Number:

F767.5

Chunping HE, Lanyan FAN, He WU, Yanqiong LIANG, Weihuai WU, Rui LI, Fucong ZHENG. Study on Inhibitory Effect of Lipopeptides Produced by Bacillus subtilis Czk1 on Anthracnose and Powdery Mildewof Rubber Tree[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(6): 126-134.

贺春萍, 樊兰艳, 吴贺, 梁艳琼, 吴伟怀, 李锐, 郑服丛. 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽物质对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病的抑制效果研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(6): 126-134.

Figures/Tables 7

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处理 Treatment		孢子萌发率 Spore germination rate/%	抑制率 Inhibition rate/%
Czk1	60 mg·L^-1	20.43±4.33 c	71.37
	40 mg·L^-1	22.23±5.13 c	68.84
	20 mg·L^-1	25.32±4.93 bc	64.51
	10 mg·L^-1	30.47±6.06 b	57.30
CK1		71.35±4.50 a	—
甲醇 Methanol		75.13±4.41 a	—

处理 Treatment		孢子萌发率 Spore germination rate/%	抑制率 Inhibition rate/%
Czk1	60 mg·L^-1	20.43±4.33 c	71.37
	40 mg·L^-1	22.23±5.13 c	68.84
	20 mg·L^-1	25.32±4.93 bc	64.51
	10 mg·L^-1	30.47±6.06 b	57.30
CK1		71.35±4.50 a	—
甲醇 Methanol		75.13±4.41 a	—

处理 Treatment	平均病斑大小 Average lesion size/（cm×cm）	发病率 Incidence/%
10 mg·L^-1脂肽物+RC178 10 mg·L^-1 lipopeptide+RC178	（1.33×1.08） b	90.00
100 mg·L^-1脂肽物+RC178 100 mg·L^-1 lipopeptide+RC178	（0.98×0.78） c	79.80
1 000 mg·L^-1脂肽物+RC178 1 000 mg·L^-1 lipopeptide+RC178	（0.80×0.71） c	46.70
CK2	—	—
RC178	（1.65×1.40） a	96.60
甲醇+RC178 Methanol+RC178	（1.66×1.31） a	95.00

处理 Treatment	平均病斑大小 Average lesion size/（cm×cm）	发病率 Incidence/%
10 mg·L^-1脂肽物+RC178 10 mg·L^-1 lipopeptide+RC178	（1.33×1.08） b	90.00
100 mg·L^-1脂肽物+RC178 100 mg·L^-1 lipopeptide+RC178	（0.98×0.78） c	79.80
1 000 mg·L^-1脂肽物+RC178 1 000 mg·L^-1 lipopeptide+RC178	（0.80×0.71） c	46.70
CK2	—	—
RC178	（1.65×1.40） a	96.60
甲醇+RC178 Methanol+RC178	（1.66×1.31） a	95.00

处理 Treatment	平均病斑大小 Average lesion size/（cm×cm）	发病率 Incidence/%
CK3	—	—
RC178	（0.87×0.75） a	95.20
甲醇+RC178 Methanol+RC178	（0.90×0.74） a	96.30
1 000 mg·L^-1脂肽物 1 000 mg·L^-1 lipopeptide	（0.59×0.49） b	51.80