Abstract:

Flower is an important economic organs of ornamental plants. The genes controlling flower development consist of inflorescence meristem identity genes, floral meristem identity genes and flower organ identity (homeotic) genes. This paper reviewed comprehensively the latest progresses on molecular mechanism of flower development related to these genes in ornamental plants, with emphases on the ABCDE and Quartet models, flower organ identity genes in rose and lily. We proposed strategies on molecular breeding through gene resources and ornamental characters, thus provided a foundation for further exploring the molecular mechanism of flower development and controlling with fixed objective the flowering time and flower shape of  ornamental plants.

Key words: inflorescence meristem identity genes, floral meristem identity genes, flower organ identity genes, ABCDE model, quartet model, rose, lily

摘要：

花是观赏植物重要的经济器官,控制花发育的基因包括花序分生组织特性基因、花分生组织特性基因、花器官特性(同源异型)基因等。全面回顾了观赏植物花发育基因调控的分子机理,重点介绍了花器官发育的ABCDE模型和四因子模型,以及月季、百合等重要观赏植物的花器官特性基因。从基因资源和观赏性状等方面,提出了观赏植物花期花型分子育种的策略,为进一步探索观赏植物花发育的分子机理,定向控制观赏植物的花期花型奠定了基础。

关键词: 花序分生组织特性基因;花分生组织特性基因;花器官特性基因;ABCDE模型;四因子模型;月季;百合