Abstract:

High efficient rainfall resources＇ conversion and utilization is of significant importance for improving integrated efficiency of irrigated agriculture and rain fed farming at the Loess Plateau. Based on analyzing the concept and influencing factors for improving crops rainfall utilization efficiencyand farmland rainfall production potential of the related research achievements, the paper introduces the methods and approaches for improving crop rainfall utilization efficiency from five aspects of increasing storage capacity of soil reservoir and ground-slipcover of farmland, promoting the growth of crop root system, decreasing crop inefficient vaporization, and persistently increasing soil fertility, etc. At last, according to technical development requirement for rainfall resources＇ conversion and utilization, the paper suggests several technical emphases for research and development orientatiion to improve rainfall resources utilization in the near future.

Key words: loess plateau, crop rainfall utilization efficiency, crop rainfall production potential, influencing factor;improving approach, emphasis for research and development

摘要：

降水资源高效转化利用对于提高早地农业和灌溉农业生产综合效益均具有重要意义。通过对黄土区农田作物降水利用效率的概念及其影响因素、农田降水生产潜力等相关研究成果的分析，从实现土壤水库扩蓄增容、增加农田地面覆盖、促进作物根系生长、减少作物无效蒸腾、持续增加土壤肥力等5个方面，提出了提高黄土区农田降水利用效率的方法和途径，并结合降水资源转化利用技术发展需求，提出了近中期提高降水资源利用效率技术的发展方向和研发的若干重点。

关键词: 黄土区 作物降水利用效率 作物降水生产潜力 影响因素 提高途径 研发重点