Abstract: In order to reduce the application of chemical fungicide and develop effective biological control of wheat Fusarium head blight, one bacterial strain named Z54 with high antagonistic activity against wheat Fusarium head blight was isolated and screened from the diseased wheat ear. Its strain identification,  indoor bacteriostatic test and  disease prevention test by pot and field experiments were carried out. Based on 16S rDNA sequencing, gyrB sequencing and morphological observation, strain Z54 was identified as a strain of Bacillus subtilis. Dual culture test showed that the inhibition rate against P2 strain of Fusarium asiaticum was 70.13%. Co-culture experiment of Z54 strain fermentation broth with F. asiaticum P2 on PDA showed that the inhibition rate of P2 was 100%. Pot test of wheat showed that the control rate of bacterial cells and fermentation broth of Z54 on wheat Fusarium head blight was 78.57% and 77.95%, respectively; the field test showed that the relative control rate was 73.63% and 75.82%, respectively. Present research showed that Z54 strain of B. subtilis had good control efficacy against wheat head blight caused by F. asiaticum, and  broad prospects in development and application.

Key words: Bacillus subtilis, Fusarium asiaticum, wheat Fusarium head blight, biological control

摘要： 为了减少化学农药的使用并建立小麦赤霉病的高效生防技术，从各地小麦赤霉病发病穗部分离筛选到1株对小麦赤霉病具有高拮抗活性的细菌Z54，对该菌株进行菌株鉴定、室内抑菌测定、盆栽防病试验和田间小区防治试验。经分子生物学鉴定结合形态学分析，将该菌株鉴定为枯草芽胞杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）。平板对峙结果显示，Z54菌株对亚洲镰刀菌（Fusarium asiaticum）P2的菌丝抑制率达到70.13%；Z54菌株发酵液与亚洲镰刀菌P2在PDA上共培养结果显示，Z54菌株对P2的抑制率达到100%。盆栽防病试验显示，Z54菌株的菌体和菌株发酵液对小麦赤霉病的防治效果分别为78.57%和77.95%。田间小区试验显示，菌体与菌株发酵液对小麦赤霉病的防治效果分别为73.63%和75.82%。研究结果表明，枯草芽胞杆菌Z54菌株对亚洲镰刀菌引起的小麦赤霉病具有较好的防治效果，开发应用前景广阔。

关键词: 枯草芽胞杆菌, 亚洲镰刀菌, 小麦赤霉病, 生物防治