Abstract:

Extremophiles and enzymes from extremophiles are widely studied. Of them, acidophilic enzyme attracts much attention, due to its high activity and stability under extreme acidic conditions, and this research has made rapid progress. Acidophilic glycosyl hydrolase is one of the most important acidophilic enzymes, and has significant application prospect in bio\|energy, animal feed, food and other industries. This paper reviewed the gene cloning, heterologous expression, molecular modification and acidophilic mechanisms of important acidophilic glycosyl hydrolases, including amylase, cellulase, xylanase, and mannanase. The research orientation and development prospects were also elucidated in this paper.

Key words: extremozyme, acidophilic microbe, acidophilic glycoside hydrolase, acidophilic mechanism

摘要：

随着极端微生物及极端酶的广泛研究，嗜酸酶因其在极端酸性环境中具有高的酶活性和稳定性而倍受关注，并取得了较大的研究进展。嗜酸糖苷水解酶是嗜酸酶中最重要的一类，在生物能源、饲料、食品等工业中具有重要的应用前景。综述了重要嗜酸糖苷水解酶，包括嗜酸淀粉酶、嗜酸纤维素酶、嗜酸木聚糖酶和甘露聚糖酶在基因的挖掘、表达、分子改良嗜酸机制研究以及应用等方面国内外的研究进展，展望了嗜酸糖苷水解酶未来可能的研究方向和发展前景。

关键词: 极端酶；嗜酸菌；嗜酸糖苷水解酶；嗜酸机制