Abstract:

Trichoderma is a widely distributed filamentous fungus and widely used as a biological fungicide to control a variety of plant diseases in agriculture due to its excellent biocontrol potential. Trichoderma can reduce plant diseases caused by pathogens through different direct mechanisms （mycoparasitism and the production of cell wall degrading enzymes， antibiosis， competition for space or nutrients） or indirect mechanisms （induction of plant defense ）. Compound biocontrol agents have received increasing attention in recent years. Trichoderma can be used in combination with other biocontrol products to produce better biocontrol effects because of its resistance to chemical pesticides and compatibility with rhizosphere microorganisms. The related mechanisms of Trichoderma， including parasitism， antibiosis， nutrient competition and induction of plant resistance were summarized， and the current research progress were discussed. In addition， the research progress of synergistic disease prevention between Trichoderma and other microorganisms or non-biological （chemical fungicides， other substances） with disease prevention effect was reviewed， and the current research status and the subsequent development prospects of Trichoderma as a biological fungicide were explored.

Key words: Trichoderma, biological control, synergism

摘要：

木霉菌是一种广泛分布的丝状真菌，因其优秀的生防潜力，木霉菌在农业上被广泛用作生物杀菌剂，用于防治多种植物病害。木霉菌能够通过不同的直接作用机制（真菌寄生以及产生细胞壁裂解酶、抗生作用、争夺空间或养分）或间接作用机制（诱导植物防御）来减少病原体引起的植物疾病。近年来，复合型的生防菌剂越来越受到重视，木霉菌因其对化学农药的抗性以及与根际微生物的相容性，可以与其他生防产品协同使用产生更好的生防效果。综述了木霉菌的相关作用机制，包括寄生、抗生作用、营养竞争和植物抗性的诱导，讨论了其当前研究进展。此外，对木霉菌与其他具有防病效果的微生物或非生物（化学杀菌剂、其他物质）的协同防病研究进展进行综述，探究目前研究现状以及使用木霉作为生物杀菌剂的发展前景。

关键词: 木霉, 生物防治, 协同作用