施磷对机采棉养分吸收与磷利用效率的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0823

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2018, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (8): 91-99.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2017.0823

• 资源环境生物药物生物质转化 • 上一篇下一篇

施磷对机采棉养分吸收与磷利用效率的影响

韩伟,叶祖鹏,冯琳,顾惠敏,黄国平,魏广东,齐晓晨,陈波浪*

新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2017-11-28 出版日期:2018-08-15 发布日期:2018-02-01
通讯作者: *通信作者：陈波浪，教授，博士，研究方向为土壤与植物营养。E-mail:chenwang200910@sina.com
作者简介:韩伟，硕士研究生，研究方向为植物营养高效利用。E-mail:977610186@qq.com。
基金资助:
自治区重点研发任务专项（2016B01001-2-3）;国家自然科学基金项目（31260499）;自治区科技人才培养项目（qn2015yx011）和国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201610758008）资助。

Influence of Phosphorus Fertilization on Nutrient Uptake and Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Cotton under Mechanical Harvest Cropping Model

HAN Wei, YE Zupeng, FENG Lin, GU Huimin, HUANG Guoping, WEI Guangdong, QI Xiaochen, CHEN Bolang*

Faculty of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2017-11-28 Online:2018-08-15 Published:2018-02-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究不同磷肥施用量对新疆机采棉主栽模式\[1膜6行(10+66+10+66+10) cm\]下棉花养分吸收与磷利用效率的影响，可为机采棉磷肥合理运筹提供理论依据。以新陆早57为研究对象，采用田间试验研究了5个不同磷肥（P2O5）处理（0、75 kg/hm2、150 kg/hm2、300 kg/hm2、450 kg/hm2）对机采棉干物质积累、各生育时期N、P、K素积累量、磷利用效率及产量的影响。结果表明：适量增加磷肥施用量有利于机采棉干物质积累量、产量和N、P、K素积累量的提高，尤以磷肥施用量在75~150 kg/hm2范围内最高。花铃期机采棉干物质积累量、产量和各器官N、P、K素积累量分别较对照平均增加了9.85%、24.2%、6.24%、27.1%和51.6%；磷肥利用率、农学利用率和偏生产率随磷肥施用量的增加而降低，其中75 kg/hm2处理最高，为2.4%、13.50 kg/hm2和67.39 kg/hm2；合理的磷肥施用量促进了机采棉产量的提高，75 kg/hm2和150 kg/hm2处理显著高于对照，分别增产了25.05%和38.53%。因此，本试验条件下磷肥施用量为75~150 kg/hm2最佳。

关键词:
机采棉, 磷肥效率, 养分吸收, 干物质积累

Abstract: This paper studied the effects of different phosphates fertilizer application rates on nutrient uptake and phosphorus use efficiency of cotton under machine harvest mode (10 cm + 66 cm + 10 cm + 66 cm + 10 cm) in Xinjiang, so as to provide theoretical basis for rational operation of phosphate fertilizer in cotton harvested by machine. Taking ‘Xinluzao 57’ as research object, the paper studied the 5 different P fertilizer (P2O5) treatments (0, 75 kg/hm2, 150 kg/hm2, 300 kg/hm2, 450 kg/hm2) on dry matter accumulation and N, P, K absorption of each growing period, P use efficiency and yield. The results indicated that moderately increasing P fertilizer was favorable for dry matter accumulation, yield and N, P, K accumulation increase. All these items reached the highest level especially under 75~150 kg/hm2 treatment. The dry matter accumulation, yield and N, P, K accumulation of various organ were 9.85%, 24.2%, 6.24%, 27.1% and 51.6% higher than those of the control, respectively. Under 75 kg/hm2 treatment, the phosphorus use efficiency, agronomic efficiency, and partial productivity were reduced along with the increase of P application rate. All these items were the highest under 75 kg/hm2 treatment as 2.4%, 13.50 kg/hm2 and 67.39 kg/hm2, respectively. Rational P application promoted the yield increase of mechanical harvest cotton, and under 75 kg/hm2 and 150 kg/hm2 treatments, the yield increased 25.05% and 38.53%, respectively, significantly higher than that of the control. Thus, the application of P2O5 for 75~150 kg/hm2 was the optimal under the conditions of this experiment.

Key words: machine picking cotton, P fertilizer efficiency, nutrient uptake, dry matter accumulation

韩伟,叶祖鹏,冯琳,顾惠敏,黄国平,魏广东,齐晓晨,陈波浪*. 施磷对机采棉养分吸收与磷利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2018, 20(8): 91-99.

HAN Wei, YE Zupeng, FENG Lin, GU Huimin, HUANG Guoping, WEI Guangdong, QI Xiaochen, CHEN Bolang*. Influence of Phosphorus Fertilization on Nutrient Uptake and Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Cotton under Mechanical Harvest Cropping Model[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2018, 20(8): 91-99.

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施磷对机采棉养分吸收与磷利用效率的影响

Influence of Phosphorus Fertilization on Nutrient Uptake and Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Cotton under Mechanical Harvest Cropping Model

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