药食兼用型叶用紫苏种质鉴定

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0417

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为鉴别优异的药食兼用型叶用紫苏种质，选取了30个紫苏种质，对不同种质叶片中多种有效成分含量进行测定，综合评价各种质的营养品质和药用品质。结果表明，不同紫苏种质间营养和药用品质参差不齐，各有效成分含量在不同种质间也存在差异。花青素和紫苏醛含量变幅较大，且两成分含量间呈极显著正相关，相关系数为0.604。利用模糊数学隶属函数法结合聚类分析，筛选出6个综合品质优良的药食兼用型紫苏种质，分别为冀紫2号、广西回回苏、河北波叶绿心紫苏、河北波叶紫心紫苏、河北多紫2号和河北波叶纯紫紫苏，为药食兼用型叶用紫苏种质品质改良提供了优异亲本材料。

关键词: 紫苏, 种质资源, 营养品质, 药用品质, 聚类分析

Abstract:

In order to identify the excellent Perilla germplasm for both medicinal and edible leaves， 30 accessions of Perilla frutescens were as materials. The contents of active components in leaves of 30 accessions were determined forcomprehensively evaluating nutritional and medicinal quality. The results showed that the nutritional and medicinal qualities of different Perilla germplasm were not uniform， which the contents of active components in leaves varied among different germplasm. The contents of anthocyanin and perillaldehyde varied greatly among different germplasm， and there was extremely significant positive correlation between the two components， with correlation coefficient of 0.604. According to the membership function of fuzzy mathematics and cluster analysis， 6 germplasm were screened with excellent comprehensive quality， including Jizi 2， Perilla frutescens var from Guangxi and Boyelvxin， Boyezixin， Duozi 2， Boyechunzi from Hebei， which provided excellent parent materials to improve quality in Perilla breeding.

Key words: Perilla frutescens, germplasm resources, nutritional quality, medicinal quality, cluster analysis

中图分类号:

S567.21+9

温赛群, 刘灵娣, 田伟, 谢晓亮, 贾东升, 刘铭, 温春秀, 姜涛. 药食兼用型叶用紫苏种质鉴定[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(10): 62-70.

Saiqun WEN, Lingdi LIU, Wei TIAN, Xiaoliang XIE, Dongsheng JIA, Ming LIU, Chunxiu WEN, Tao JIANG. Identification of Perilla Germplasm for Both Medicinal and Edible Leaves[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(10): 62-70.

图/表 6

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种质代号 Germplasm code	营养成分含量 Content of nutritional component						药用成分含量 Content of medicinal component
种质代号 Germplasm code	花青素 AN/（△OD·g^-1）	维生素C Vc/%	可溶性蛋白 SP/%	可溶性糖 SS/%	类胡萝卜素 CA/%	粗纤维 CF/%	迷迭香酸 RA/%	紫苏醛 PH/%	挥发油 VO/%
bl	49.37±4.16 bcd	0.09±0.04 bcdefg	4.47±1.05 abcdef	1.34±0.19 abcde	0.010±0.003 e	11.63±0.56 de	1.61±0.34 abcde	0.552±0.115 f	0.733±0.02 a
bz	132.70±10.55 ef	0.21±0.02 jkl	5.75±0.32 cdefghij	1.49±0.41 abcde	0.011±0.001 e	9.93±0.28 abcde	1.20±0.26 abcde	0.454±0.013 def	0.710±0.02 a
bc	245.37±14.41 h	0.16±0.03 ghijk	7.05±0.63 ijklm	1.76±0.28de	0.010±0.000 de	10.26±0.3 bcde	2.08±0.40 de	0.331±0.035 cd	0.390±0.06 a
jz1	27.03±1.20 abcd	0.12±0.02 efgh	5.54±0.34 cdefghij	1.45±0.4 abcde	0.009±0.001 cde	11.12±0.57 bcde	1.66±0.95 abcde	0.010±0.006 a	0.448±0.02 a
jz2	196.47±12.03 g	0.17±0.03 hijk	7.98±0.25 lmn	1.52±0.21 bcde	0.011±0.000 e	10.90±1.16 bcde	0.95±0.57 abcde	0.454±0.028 def	0.556±0.01 a
dz1	10.32±0.34 ab	0.06±0.02 abcde	4.16±0.53 abc	1.08±0.11 ab	0.013±0.001 e	10.41±0.97 bcde	1.22±0.13 abcde	0.015±0.008 a	0.293±0.10 a
dz2	141.25±6.82 ef	0.15±0.02 fghij	6.42±0.56 ghijk	1.27±0.23 abcd	0.009±0.002 cde	10.99±0.17 bcde	1.52±0.63 abcde	0.466±0.017 ef	0.507±0.07 a
dz3	119.57±15.74 ef	0.08±0.02 abcdef	5.26±0.65 bcdefgh	1.27±0.27 abcd	0.011±0.001 e	10.98±0.64 bcde	1.30±0.71 abcde	0.361±0.16 de	0.503±0.06 a
hy	11.27±2.00 ab	0.17±0.07 hijk	6.10±0.83 fghijk	1.23±0.22 abcd	0.011±0.001 e	12.26±0.54 e	0.80±0.17 abc	0.009±0.003 a	0.438±0.08 a
gh	110.72±5.99 e	0.10±0.02 cdefgh	6.35±0.6 ghijk	1.56±0.39 bcde	0.010±0.001 de	10.70±0.56 bcde	1.28±0.21 abcde	0.711±0.015 g	0.800±0.07 a
gz	53.59±9.22 cd	0.23±0.03 kl	8.38±0.18 mn	1.56±0.22 bcde	0.012±0.001 e	10.06±0.20 bcde	0.80±0.60 abc	0.010±0.006 a	0.299±0.08 a
sy	14.35±2.33 abc	0.26±0.06 l	7.52±0.84 klm	1.84±0.07 e	0.009±0.002 de	11.30±0.40 cde	0.98±0.88 abcde	0.007±0.003 a	0.347±0.07 a
cy	26.09±3.48 abcd	0.12±0.07 defgh	4.44±0.32 abcde	1.31±0.27 abcde	0.012±0.002 e	7.09±1.07 a	1.86±0.04 cde	0.005±0.003 a	0.230±0.04 a
cz1	49.06±0.32 bcd	0.12±0.07 defgh	6.21±1.83 ghijk	1.64±0.48 cde	0.008±0.002 bcde	9.56±1.88 abcde	1.27±0.46 abcde	0.232±0.081 bc	0.508±0.02 a
gt	19.98±1.36 abcd	0.21±0.02 jkl	7.11±1.49 jklm	1.76±0.12 de	0.010±0.001 de	10.24±1.59 bcde	0.90±0.13 abcd	0.005±0.006 a	0.276±0.02 a
qq	136.53±1.13 ef	0.23±0.05 kl	9.06±0.82 n	1.62±0.12 bcde	0.009±0.001 cde	8.83±1.20 abcd	1.00±0.05 abcde	0.005±0.003 a	0.228±0.10 a
qb	13.68±4.37 abc	0.05±0.03 abcd	4.83±0.31 abcdefg	1.65±0.6 cde	0.011±0.001 e	10.17±0.85 bcde	1.78±0.22 bcde	0.005±0.001 a	0.440±0.06 a
gs	15.96±1.85 abc	0.12±0.03 defgh	5.91±0.75 defghij	1.43±0.29 abcde	0.010±0.002 de	10.43±0.31 bcde	1.69±0.12 abcde	0.009±0.004 a	0.294±0.02 a
gl	9.71±0.83 ab	0.16±0.03 ghijk	6.01±0.16 efghijk	1.72±0.02 de	0.012±0.001 e	10.41±1.88 bcde	1.53±0.14 abcde	0.006±0.004 a	0.452±0.03 a
ss	13.35±1.12 abc	0.10±0.01 cdefgh	5.55±0.28 cdefghij	1.67±0.19 cde	0.008±0.000 bcde	9.57±0.61 abcde	1.22±0.43 abcde	0.407±0.089 de	0.523±0.06 a
ye	6.63±2.31 ab	0.04±0.01 abcd	5.622±0.77 cdefghij	1.62±0.11 bcde	0.007±0.002 bcde	10.67±1.30 bcde	0.85±0.16 abc	0.003±0.001 a	0.419±0.05 a
yt	11.02±0.80 ab	0.002±0.00 a	4.36±0.44 abcd	1.38±0.07 abcde	0.003±0.001 ab	9.69±1.56 abcde	0.56±0.35 a	0.012±0.004 a	0.346±0.07 a

种质代号 Germplasm code	营养成分含量 Content of nutritional component						药用成分含量 Content of medicinal component
种质代号 Germplasm code	花青素 AN/（△OD·g^-1）	维生素C Vc/%	可溶性蛋白 SP/%	可溶性糖 SS/%	类胡萝卜素 CA/%	粗纤维 CF/%	迷迭香酸 RA/%	紫苏醛 PH/%	挥发油 VO/%
bl	49.37±4.16 bcd	0.09±0.04 bcdefg	4.47±1.05 abcdef	1.34±0.19 abcde	0.010±0.003 e	11.63±0.56 de	1.61±0.34 abcde	0.552±0.115 f	0.733±0.02 a
bz	132.70±10.55 ef	0.21±0.02 jkl	5.75±0.32 cdefghij	1.49±0.41 abcde	0.011±0.001 e	9.93±0.28 abcde	1.20±0.26 abcde	0.454±0.013 def	0.710±0.02 a
bc	245.37±14.41 h	0.16±0.03 ghijk	7.05±0.63 ijklm	1.76±0.28de	0.010±0.000 de	10.26±0.3 bcde	2.08±0.40 de	0.331±0.035 cd	0.390±0.06 a
jz1	27.03±1.20 abcd	0.12±0.02 efgh	5.54±0.34 cdefghij	1.45±0.4 abcde	0.009±0.001 cde	11.12±0.57 bcde	1.66±0.95 abcde	0.010±0.006 a	0.448±0.02 a
jz2	196.47±12.03 g	0.17±0.03 hijk	7.98±0.25 lmn	1.52±0.21 bcde	0.011±0.000 e	10.90±1.16 bcde	0.95±0.57 abcde	0.454±0.028 def	0.556±0.01 a
dz1	10.32±0.34 ab	0.06±0.02 abcde	4.16±0.53 abc	1.08±0.11 ab	0.013±0.001 e	10.41±0.97 bcde	1.22±0.13 abcde	0.015±0.008 a	0.293±0.10 a
dz2	141.25±6.82 ef	0.15±0.02 fghij	6.42±0.56 ghijk	1.27±0.23 abcd	0.009±0.002 cde	10.99±0.17 bcde	1.52±0.63 abcde	0.466±0.017 ef	0.507±0.07 a
dz3	119.57±15.74 ef	0.08±0.02 abcdef	5.26±0.65 bcdefgh	1.27±0.27 abcd	0.011±0.001 e	10.98±0.64 bcde	1.30±0.71 abcde	0.361±0.16 de	0.503±0.06 a
hy	11.27±2.00 ab	0.17±0.07 hijk	6.10±0.83 fghijk	1.23±0.22 abcd	0.011±0.001 e	12.26±0.54 e	0.80±0.17 abc	0.009±0.003 a	0.438±0.08 a
gh	110.72±5.99 e	0.10±0.02 cdefgh	6.35±0.6 ghijk	1.56±0.39 bcde	0.010±0.001 de	10.70±0.56 bcde	1.28±0.21 abcde	0.711±0.015 g	0.800±0.07 a
gz	53.59±9.22 cd	0.23±0.03 kl	8.38±0.18 mn	1.56±0.22 bcde	0.012±0.001 e	10.06±0.20 bcde	0.80±0.60 abc	0.010±0.006 a	0.299±0.08 a
sy	14.35±2.33 abc	0.26±0.06 l	7.52±0.84 klm	1.84±0.07 e	0.009±0.002 de	11.30±0.40 cde	0.98±0.88 abcde	0.007±0.003 a	0.347±0.07 a
cy	26.09±3.48 abcd	0.12±0.07 defgh	4.44±0.32 abcde	1.31±0.27 abcde	0.012±0.002 e	7.09±1.07 a	1.86±0.04 cde	0.005±0.003 a	0.230±0.04 a
cz1	49.06±0.32 bcd	0.12±0.07 defgh	6.21±1.83 ghijk	1.64±0.48 cde	0.008±0.002 bcde	9.56±1.88 abcde	1.27±0.46 abcde	0.232±0.081 bc	0.508±0.02 a
gt	19.98±1.36 abcd	0.21±0.02 jkl	7.11±1.49 jklm	1.76±0.12 de	0.010±0.001 de	10.24±1.59 bcde	0.90±0.13 abcd	0.005±0.006 a	0.276±0.02 a
qq	136.53±1.13 ef	0.23±0.05 kl	9.06±0.82 n	1.62±0.12 bcde	0.009±0.001 cde	8.83±1.20 abcd	1.00±0.05 abcde	0.005±0.003 a	0.228±0.10 a
qb	13.68±4.37 abc	0.05±0.03 abcd	4.83±0.31 abcdefg	1.65±0.6 cde	0.011±0.001 e	10.17±0.85 bcde	1.78±0.22 bcde	0.005±0.001 a	0.440±0.06 a
gs	15.96±1.85 abc	0.12±0.03 defgh	5.91±0.75 defghij	1.43±0.29 abcde	0.010±0.002 de	10.43±0.31 bcde	1.69±0.12 abcde	0.009±0.004 a	0.294±0.02 a
gl	9.71±0.83 ab	0.16±0.03 ghijk	6.01±0.16 efghijk	1.72±0.02 de	0.012±0.001 e	10.41±1.88 bcde	1.53±0.14 abcde	0.006±0.004 a	0.452±0.03 a
ss	13.35±1.12 abc	0.10±0.01 cdefgh	5.55±0.28 cdefghij	1.67±0.19 cde	0.008±0.000 bcde	9.57±0.61 abcde	1.22±0.43 abcde	0.407±0.089 de	0.523±0.06 a
ye	6.63±2.31 ab	0.04±0.01 abcd	5.622±0.77 cdefghij	1.62±0.11 bcde	0.007±0.002 bcde	10.67±1.30 bcde	0.85±0.16 abc	0.003±0.001 a	0.419±0.05 a
yt	11.02±0.80 ab	0.002±0.00 a	4.36±0.44 abcd	1.38±0.07 abcde	0.003±0.001 ab	9.69±1.56 abcde	0.56±0.35 a	0.012±0.004 a	0.346±0.07 a

成分 Component	花青素 AN	维生素C Vc	可溶性蛋白 SP	可溶性糖 SS	类胡萝卜素CA	粗纤维 CF	迷迭香酸 RA	紫苏醛 PH
维生素C Vc	0.378^*
可溶性蛋白SP	0.366^*	0.657^**
可溶性糖SS	0.023	0.336	0.553^**
类胡萝卜素CA	0.090	0.282	0.386^*	0.338
粗纤维CF	-0.064	0.027	0.247	0.217	0.353
迷迭香酸RA	0.168	-0.05	-0.079	-0.019	0.116	-0.061
紫苏醛PH	0.604^**	0.025	0.123	0.024	0.163	0.225	0.130
挥发油VO	0.363^*	-0.053	-0.045	0.040	0.074	0.323	0.190	0.825^**

成分 Component	花青素 AN	维生素C Vc	可溶性蛋白 SP	可溶性糖 SS	类胡萝卜素CA	粗纤维 CF	迷迭香酸 RA	紫苏醛 PH
维生素C Vc	0.378^*
可溶性蛋白SP	0.366^*	0.657^**
可溶性糖SS	0.023	0.336	0.553^**
类胡萝卜素CA	0.090	0.282	0.386^*	0.338
粗纤维CF	-0.064	0.027	0.247	0.217	0.353
迷迭香酸RA	0.168	-0.05	-0.079	-0.019	0.116	-0.061
紫苏醛PH	0.604^**	0.025	0.123	0.024	0.163	0.225	0.130
挥发油VO	0.363^*	-0.053	-0.045	0.040	0.074	0.323	0.190	0.825^**

种质代号Germplasm code	隶属均值 Membership mean			种质代号Germplasm code	隶属均值 Membership mean
种质代号Germplasm code	营养成分 Nutrient compontent	药用成分 Medical compontent	总成分 Total component	种质代号Germplasm code	营养成分 Nutrient compontent	药用成分 Medical compontent	总成分 Total component
bl	0.47	0.78	0.63	qq	0.70	0.11	0.41
bz	0.62	0.63	0.63	qb	0.45	0.40	0.43
bc	0.75	0.59	0.67	gs	0.48	0.30	0.39
jz1	0.50	0.38	0.44	gl	0.58	0.35	0.47
jz2	0.74	0.50	0.62	ss	0.45	0.51	0.48
dz1	0.36	0.20	0.28	ye	0.42	0.18	0.30
dz2	0.58	0.60	0.59	yt	0.23	0.09	0.16
dz3	0.51	0.50	0.51	yw	0.34	0.39	0.37
hy	0.55	0.19	0.37	ys	0.18	0.13	0.16
gh	0.59	0.82	0.71	wl2	0.62	0.43	0.53
gz	0.69	0.11	0.40	wl3	0.36	0.27	0.32
sy	0.72	0.18	0.45	wl4	0.51	0.01	0.26
cy	0.34	0.30	0.32	lz	0.19	0.35	0.27
cz1	0.49	0.43	0.46	lb	0.39	0.08	0.24
gt	0.64	0.12	0.38	rb	0.42	0.35	0.39