中国农业科技导报 ›› 2023, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 126-134.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0129
• 动植物健康 • 上一篇
贺春萍1(), 樊兰艳2, 吴贺3, 梁艳琼1, 吴伟怀1, 李锐1, 郑服丛2
收稿日期:
2022-02-24
接受日期:
2022-05-06
出版日期:
2023-06-01
发布日期:
2023-07-28
作者简介:
贺春萍E-mail: hechunppp@163.com
基金资助:
Chunping HE1(), Lanyan FAN2, He WU3, Yanqiong LIANG1, Weihuai WU1, Rui LI1, Fucong ZHENG2
Received:
2022-02-24
Accepted:
2022-05-06
Online:
2023-06-01
Published:
2023-07-28
摘要:
白粉病和炭疽病是影响天然橡胶生产的重要病害。为明确枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis )Czk1脂肽物质对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病的抑制作用,以橡胶种苗‘热研7-33-97’为试验材料,通过共培养法研究菌株Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)生长发育的影响,并采用脂肽粗提物和孢悬液法进行离体和盆栽试验评价其对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病的抑制作用。结果表明,Czk1脂肽类粗提物可导致橡胶树炭疽病菌菌丝畸形和断裂,抑制病菌的最低质量浓度为40 mg·L-1,抑制其分生孢子萌发EC50值为3.80 mg·L-1;40 mg·L-1的Czk1脂肽类粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌孢子萌发抑制率达68.84%。脂肽粗提物质量浓度在1 000 mg·L-1时,可使盆栽和离体试验中炭疽病发病率降低43.40%和49.90%,同时亦使白粉病病情指数降低32.60和21.60,对橡胶树白粉病的防治效果为45.60%。由此表明,菌株Czk1脂肽物质能有效降低橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病发病率、抑制病菌生长并延缓病情的扩展,具有防治橡胶树叶部病害的良好生防潜力。
中图分类号:
贺春萍, 樊兰艳, 吴贺, 梁艳琼, 吴伟怀, 李锐, 郑服丛. 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽物质对橡胶树炭疽病和白粉病的抑制效果研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(6): 126-134.
Chunping HE, Lanyan FAN, He WU, Yanqiong LIANG, Weihuai WU, Rui LI, Fucong ZHENG. Study on Inhibitory Effect of Lipopeptides Produced by Bacillus subtilis Czk1 on Anthracnose and Powdery Mildewof Rubber Tree[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(6): 126-134.
图1 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽类粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌菌丝生长的影响A. 不同质量浓度的Czk1脂肽类粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌的抑制作用;B. 正常的橡胶树炭疽病菌菌丝;C. 抑菌圈周围的菌丝
Fig. 1 Lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis Czk1 inhibit growth of C. gloeosporioidesA. Inhibitor effect of different mass concentrations of Czk1 lipopeptide on the growth of C. gloeosporioides mycelia;B. Normal mycelia of C. gloeosporioides;C. Mycelium of C. gloeosporioides around the inhibition zone
处理 Treatment | 孢子萌发率 Spore germination rate/% | 抑制率 Inhibition rate/% | |
---|---|---|---|
Czk1 | 60 mg·L-1 | 20.43±4.33 c | 71.37 |
40 mg·L-1 | 22.23±5.13 c | 68.84 | |
20 mg·L-1 | 25.32±4.93 bc | 64.51 | |
10 mg·L-1 | 30.47±6.06 b | 57.30 | |
CK1 | 71.35±4.50 a | — | |
甲醇 Methanol | 75.13±4.41 a | — |
表1 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌孢子萌发的影响
Table 1 Effect of Bacillus subtilis Czk1 lipopeptide on spore germination of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
处理 Treatment | 孢子萌发率 Spore germination rate/% | 抑制率 Inhibition rate/% | |
---|---|---|---|
Czk1 | 60 mg·L-1 | 20.43±4.33 c | 71.37 |
40 mg·L-1 | 22.23±5.13 c | 68.84 | |
20 mg·L-1 | 25.32±4.93 bc | 64.51 | |
10 mg·L-1 | 30.47±6.06 b | 57.30 | |
CK1 | 71.35±4.50 a | — | |
甲醇 Methanol | 75.13±4.41 a | — |
图2 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发的影响A. 正常分生孢子(0 h);B. 清水处理12 h后;C. 甲醇处理12 h后;D. 100 mg·L-1 Czk1脂肽粗提物处理12 h后
Fig. 2 Lipopeptide produced by B. subtilis Czk1 influence spore germination of C. gloeosporioidesA. Normal conidia germination(0 h);B. After 12 h of water treatment;C. After 12 h of methanol treatment;D. 100 mg·L-1 of Czk1 lipopeptide extract after 12 h treatment
处理 Treatment | 平均病斑大小 Average lesion size/(cm×cm) | 发病率 Incidence/% |
---|---|---|
10 mg·L-1脂肽物+RC178 10 mg·L-1 lipopeptide+RC178 | (1.33×1.08) b | 90.00 |
100 mg·L-1脂肽物+RC178 100 mg·L-1 lipopeptide+RC178 | (0.98×0.78) c | 79.80 |
1 000 mg·L-1脂肽物+RC178 1 000 mg·L-1 lipopeptide+RC178 | (0.80×0.71) c | 46.70 |
CK2 | — | — |
RC178 | (1.65×1.40) a | 96.60 |
甲醇+RC178 Methanol+RC178 | (1.66×1.31) a | 95.00 |
表2 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病的抑制效果
Table 2 Inhibitory effect of Bacillus subtilis Czk1 lipopeptide on anthracnose of rubber tree in laboratory
处理 Treatment | 平均病斑大小 Average lesion size/(cm×cm) | 发病率 Incidence/% |
---|---|---|
10 mg·L-1脂肽物+RC178 10 mg·L-1 lipopeptide+RC178 | (1.33×1.08) b | 90.00 |
100 mg·L-1脂肽物+RC178 100 mg·L-1 lipopeptide+RC178 | (0.98×0.78) c | 79.80 |
1 000 mg·L-1脂肽物+RC178 1 000 mg·L-1 lipopeptide+RC178 | (0.80×0.71) c | 46.70 |
CK2 | — | — |
RC178 | (1.65×1.40) a | 96.60 |
甲醇+RC178 Methanol+RC178 | (1.66×1.31) a | 95.00 |
处理 Treatment | 平均病斑大小 Average lesion size/(cm×cm) | 发病率 Incidence/% |
---|---|---|
CK3 | — | — |
RC178 | (0.87×0.75) a | 95.20 |
甲醇+RC178 Methanol+RC178 | (0.90×0.74) a | 96.30 |
1 000 mg·L-1脂肽物 1 000 mg·L-1 lipopeptide | (0.59×0.49) b | 51.80 |
表3 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病室内盆栽防效评价
Table 3 Control effect of Bacillus subtilis Czk1 lipopeptide on rubber tree anthracnose in indoor pot culture
处理 Treatment | 平均病斑大小 Average lesion size/(cm×cm) | 发病率 Incidence/% |
---|---|---|
CK3 | — | — |
RC178 | (0.87×0.75) a | 95.20 |
甲醇+RC178 Methanol+RC178 | (0.90×0.74) a | 96.30 |
1 000 mg·L-1脂肽物 1 000 mg·L-1 lipopeptide | (0.59×0.49) b | 51.80 |
图3 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树炭疽病的抑制效果注:箭头所示为针刺点。
Fig. 3 Inhibitory effect of B. subtilis Czk1 lipopeptide on anthracnose of rubber treeNote: The arrow indicates the acupuncture point.
处理 Treatment | 病情指数 Disease index | 防治效果 Control effect/% |
---|---|---|
只接种白粉病菌Inoculated powdery mildew | 71.50 a | — |
喷施三唑酮24 h后喷孢子悬浮液 Spore suspension after sprayed with triadimefon for 24 h | 34.10 c | 52.30 |
喷施脂肽物24 h后喷孢子悬浮液 Spore suspension after sprayed after 24 h of lipopeptide spray | 38.90 bc | 45.60 |
喷孢子悬浮液24 h后喷施三唑酮 Spore suspension after sprayed with triadimefon for 24 h | 45.80 bc | 35.90 |
喷孢子悬浮液24 h后喷施脂肽物 Spore spray suspension after sprayed with lipopeptide 24 h later | 49.90 b | 30.20 |
喷甲醇24 h后喷孢子悬浮液 Spore suspension after sprayed after spraying for 24 h | 70.30 a | — |
CK4 | — | — |
表4 枯草芽孢杆菌Czk1脂肽粗提物对橡胶树白粉病的抑制效果
Table 4 Inhibitory effect of Bacillus subtilis Czk1 lipopeptide on powdery mildew of rubber tree
处理 Treatment | 病情指数 Disease index | 防治效果 Control effect/% |
---|---|---|
只接种白粉病菌Inoculated powdery mildew | 71.50 a | — |
喷施三唑酮24 h后喷孢子悬浮液 Spore suspension after sprayed with triadimefon for 24 h | 34.10 c | 52.30 |
喷施脂肽物24 h后喷孢子悬浮液 Spore suspension after sprayed after 24 h of lipopeptide spray | 38.90 bc | 45.60 |
喷孢子悬浮液24 h后喷施三唑酮 Spore suspension after sprayed with triadimefon for 24 h | 45.80 bc | 35.90 |
喷孢子悬浮液24 h后喷施脂肽物 Spore spray suspension after sprayed with lipopeptide 24 h later | 49.90 b | 30.20 |
喷甲醇24 h后喷孢子悬浮液 Spore suspension after sprayed after spraying for 24 h | 70.30 a | — |
CK4 | — | — |
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