外源褪黑素对盐旱复合胁迫下油莎豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0306

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨外源褪黑素对盐旱胁迫下油莎豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的缓解效应，采用0、50、100、150、200、250 μmol·L^-1的褪黑素对油莎豆种子进行浸种引发处理，以200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl溶液模拟盐胁迫、20% PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫，测定和分析不同处理下油莎豆种子的萌发、胚根和胚芽长度、生物量积累等指标。结果表明，200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫、20% PEG-6000胁迫对油莎豆种子萌发和幼苗生长有显著抑制作用；50~150 μmol·L^-1的褪黑素浸种对盐、旱胁迫下油莎豆种子的萌发和幼苗生长有促进作用，200~250 μmol·L^-1的褪黑素浸种则抑制种子萌发和幼苗生长；盐旱复合胁迫加重了对油莎豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的危害程度，而外源褪黑素对油莎豆种子萌发指标、幼苗胚根和胚芽长度、植株干鲜重均有积极作用。综上所述，外源褪黑素对盐旱胁迫下油莎豆的种子萌发和幼苗生长有促进作用，其中150 μmol·L^-1的褪黑素浸种对盐旱复合胁迫下种子萌发的缓解效果最佳，可有效减轻盐旱胁迫对种子萌发的负面效应。

关键词: 褪黑素, 盐旱复合胁迫, 油莎豆, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Abstract:

In order to explore the alleviation effect of exogenous melatonin on seed germination and seedling growth of Cyperusesculentus under salt and drought stress， 0， 50， 100， 150， 200， 250 μmol·L^-1 melatonin were used to soak C. esculentus seeds， 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl solution was used to simulate salt stress， and 20% PEG-6000 solution was used to simulate drought stress. The germination index， lengths of radicle and germ， biomass accumulation and other indicators of C. esculentus seeds were measured and analyzed. The results showed that 200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl stress and 20% PEG-6000 stress significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of C. esculentus. 50~150 μmol·L^-1 melatonin promoted seed germination and seedling growth of C. esculentus under salt and drought stress， while 200~250 μmol·L^-1 melatonin inhibited seed germination and seedling growth. The salt-drought combined stress increased the degree of harm to seed germination and seedling growth of C. esculentus， while exogenous melatonin had positive effect on seed germination index， radicle and germ lengths of seedling， plant dry and fresh weight. In summary， exogenous melatonin promoted the seed germination and seedling growth of C. esculentus under salt-drought stress， and the concentration of 150 μmol·L^-1 had the best effect on seed germination under salt-drought combined stress， which could effectively reduce the negative effects of salt and drought on seed germination.

Key words: melatonin, salt-drought reciprocal stress, Cyperusesculentus L., seed germination, seedlings grow

中图分类号:

S565.9

王宁宁, 罗雪梅, 陈明媛, 郭睿, 刘建国. 外源褪黑素对盐旱复合胁迫下油莎豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(2): 51-61.

Ningning WANG, Xuemei LUO, Mingyuan CHEN, Rui GUO, Jianguo LIU. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Cyperusesculentus L. Under Salt and Drought Stress[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(2): 51-61.

图/表 10

表1 外源褪黑素与盐旱胁迫设计

Table 1 Exogenous melatonin and salt stress design

处理 Treatment	褪黑素含量 Melatonin content/（μmol·L^-1 ）	盐含量 Salt content/（mmol·L^-¹）	PEG-6000含量 PEG-6000 content/%
CK	0	0	0
S1	0	200	0
S2	50	200	0
S3	100	200	0
S4	150	200	0
S5	200	200	0
S6	250	200	0
D1	0	0	20
D2	50	0	20
D3	100	0	20
D4	150	0	20
D5	200	0	20
D6	250	0	20
SD1	0	200	20
SD2	50	200	20
SD3	100	200	20
SD4	150	200	20
SD5	200	200	20
SD6	250	200	20

图1 不同处理下油莎豆种子的萌发特性注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 1 Germination characteristics of C. esculentus seeds under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图2 不同处理下油莎豆幼苗的胚芽长、胚根长及植株干鲜重注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 2 Germ length， radicle length and plant dry and fresh weight of C. esculentus seedlings under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图3 不同处理下油莎豆种子的萌发特性注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 3 Germination characteristics of C. esculentus seeds under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图4 不同处理下油莎豆幼苗的胚芽长、胚根长及植株干鲜重注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 4 Germ length， radicle length and plant dry and fresh weight of C. esculentus seedlings under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图5 不同处理下油莎豆种子的萌发特性注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 5 Germination characteristics of C. esculentus seeds under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图6 不同处理下油莎豆幼苗的胚芽长、胚根长及植株干鲜重注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 6 Germ length， radicle length and plant dry and fresh weight of C. esculentus seedlings under different treatmentsNote： Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

表2 盐旱交叉胁迫对褪黑素处理下油莎豆种子萌发指标影响的方差分析

Table 2 ANOVA analysis of the effect of salt-drought cross-stress on the germination index of C. esculentus seeds under melatonin treatment

指标 Index	盐胁迫+褪黑素S+MT			旱胁迫+褪黑素D+MT			盐旱胁迫+褪黑素SD+MT
指标 Index	平方和 Sum of squares	占比 Proportion/%	F值 F value	平方和 Sum of squares	占比 Proportion/%	F值 F value	平方和 Sum of squares	占比 Proportion/%	F值 F value
发芽势 Germination energy	1 983.33	49.88	8.19^**	3 600.00	27.48	14.87^**	1 633.33	22.63	40.48^**
发芽率 Germination rate	1 341.67	58.57	5.54^**	1 908.33	41.18	7.88^**	8.33	0.26	0.20
发芽指数 Germination index	299.12	47.88	90.09^**	309.95	46.21	93.35^**	38.22	5.90	69.07^**
活力指数 Vigor index	11 286.45	74.01	17.26^**	46 105.51	18.12	70.50^**	4 907.01	7.88	45.02^**
胚芽长 Germ length	364.28	32.26	238.73^**	763.10	67.58	500.09^**	1.86	0.17	7.31^**
胚根长 Radicle length	225.29	24.68	137.15^**	686.54	75.21	417.92^**	1.05	0.12	3.82
植株鲜重 Plant fresh weight	1.73	27.24	253.52^**	4.21	66.29	617.09^**	0.41	6.47	361.26^**
植株干重 Plant dry weight	0.032	27.59	76.06^**	0.077	66.38	181.23^**	0.007	6.03	94.99^**

图7 油莎豆种子和幼苗各项指标的相关性分析注：GP—发芽势；GR—发芽率；GI—发芽指数；VI—活力指数；GL—胚芽长；RL—胚根长；P-FW—植株鲜重；P-DW—植株干重；*、**和***分别表示在P<0.05、P<0.01和P<0.001水平显著相关。

Fig. 7 Correlation analysis of of C. esculentus seeds and seedlings indexesNote： GP—Germination potential； GR—Germination rate； GI—Germination index； VI—Vitality index； GL—Long germ； RL—Radicle long； P-FW—Plant fresh weight； P-DW—Plan dry weight； *， ** and *** indicate significant correlations at P<0.05， P<0.01 and P<0.001 levels， respectively.

表3 油莎豆盐旱胁迫下不同褪黑素处理的综合得分排名

Table 3 Comprehensive score ranking of different melatonin treatments under salt and drought stress in C. esculentus

处理 Treatment	因子得分 Factor score								综合得分 Comprehensive score	排名 Ranking
处理 Treatment	发芽势GP	发芽率GR	发芽指数GI	活力指数VI	胚芽长GL	胚根长RL	植株鲜重P-FW	植株干重P-DW	综合得分 Comprehensive score	排名 Ranking
CK	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	8.00	1
SD1	6.500	6.500	6.000	6.000	6.000	6.000	5.000	6.000	48.00	6
SD2	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	5.000	4.000	6.000	4.000	27.00	4
SD3	3.500	3.500	3.000	3.000	3.000	3.000	2.000	3.000	24.00	3
SD4	3.500	3.500	4.000	4.000	2.000	2.000	3.000	2.000	24.00	2
SD5	5.000	5.000	5.000	5.000	4.000	5.000	4.000	5.000	38.00	5
SD6	6.500	6.500	7.000	7.000	7.000	7.000	7.000	7.000	55.00	7

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