白术疫病拮抗菌与化学杀菌剂复配及其协同增效作用

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0269

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探索不同拮抗细菌、链霉菌之间复配及其与化学杀菌剂复配后防治白术疫病的协同增效作用，先通过稀释平板法、含药平板法测定不同拮抗菌与化学杀菌剂之间的相容性，然后采用平板对峙法、生长速率法检测拮抗菌复配液、拮抗菌+化学杀菌剂复配液对白术疫病病原菌（Phytophthora sansomeana） AMPH-1的平板抑制效果。结果表明，芽孢杆菌BZX-2、BZX-11、X-119与烯酰吗啉的相容性较好。不同拮抗菌复配处理中BZX-2-11+X-119组合的抑菌效果最好，抑菌率达75.45%，但低于单独使用X-119处理，而拮抗菌复配液与烯酰吗啉复配比例为1∶2时对病菌的平板抑制效果最好，达68.61%，比单独使用烯酰吗啉、单独使用拮抗菌的处理分别提高16.83%、13.59%。温室试验结果表明，BZX-2+BZX-11+X-119单独发酵后等比例混合对白术疫病的温室防效最好，达72.72%，比单独施用BZX-2处理的防效提高45.45个百分点。以上研究结果为白术疫病防治的新策略提供有效依据。

关键词: 白术疫病, 拮抗菌, 复配, 协同增效作用, 芽孢杆菌

Abstract:

In order to investigate the synergistic effect of different antagonistic bacteria， Streptomyces and their combination with chemical fungicides on Atractylodes macrocephala blight disease， the compatibility of different antagonists and chemical fungicides was measured by dilution plate and drug-containing plate method at first. Then the plate confrontation method and growth rate method were used to evaluate the inhibition effect of antagonists compound solution and antagonists+chemical fungicides compound on Phytophthora sansomeana AMPH-1， which was the pathogen of A. macrocephala blight disease. The results showed that the Bacillus BZX-2， BZX-11 and X-119 strains had good compatibility with dimethomorph. The combination of BZX-2+BZX-11+X-119 had the best inhibition effect， and the inhibition rate reached 75.45%， which was lower than that of the treatment using X-119 alone. When the ratio of antagonist combination of Bacillus strains and dimethomorph was 1∶2， the inhibition effect reached 68.61%， which increased 16.83% and 13.59% compared with dimethomorph treatment and antagonists treatment， respectively. By the pot experiment in greenhouse， it was found that the greenhouse control efficiency of BZX-2+BZX-11+X-119 combination with equal proportion mixing was 72.72% on A. macrocephala blight disease， which was 45.45 percentage points higher than that of BZX-2 treatment. Above results provided effective basis for the new strategy of A. macrocephala blight disease control.

Key words: Atractylodes macrocephala blight disease, antagonistic bacteria, combination, synergistic effect, Bacillus subtilis

中图分类号:

S432

王娇, 李文巧, 沈凤英, 李亚宁, 刘大群. 白术疫病拮抗菌与化学杀菌剂复配及其协同增效作用[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(4): 133-139.

Jiao WANG, Wenqiao LI, Fengying SHEN, Yaning LI, Daqun LIU. Synergistic Effect of Combination of Antagonists and Chemical Fungicides on Atractylodes macrocephala Blight Disease[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(4): 133-139.

图/表 8

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处理 Treatment	拮抗菌 Antagonist	处理 Treatment	拮抗菌组合 Antagonists combination
T1	Men-myco-93-63	T8	BZX-23+BZX-31
T2	BZX-23	T9	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-104
T3	BZX-31	T10	BZX-2+BZX-11+X-119
T4	BZX-104	T11	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-23+BZX-31+BZX-104
T5	BZX-2	T12	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-23+BZX-31+BZX-104 +X-119+BZX-2+BZX-11
T6	BZX-11	T12	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-23+BZX-31+BZX-104 +X-119+BZX-2+BZX-11
T7	X-119

处理 Treatment	拮抗菌 Antagonist	处理 Treatment	拮抗菌组合 Antagonists combination
T1	Men-myco-93-63	T8	BZX-23+BZX-31
T2	BZX-23	T9	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-104
T3	BZX-31	T10	BZX-2+BZX-11+X-119
T4	BZX-104	T11	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-23+BZX-31+BZX-104
T5	BZX-2	T12	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-23+BZX-31+BZX-104 +X-119+BZX-2+BZX-11
T6	BZX-11	T12	Men-myco-93-63+BZX-23+BZX-31+BZX-104 +X-119+BZX-2+BZX-11
T7	X-119

药剂Fungicide	剂量Dosage/（μg·mL^-1）
80%代森锰锌80% Mancozeb	200	100	50	10	5
68%精甲霜锰锌68% Metalaxyl-mancozeb	20.00	10.00	5.00	2.50	1.25
50%烯酰吗啉50% Dimethomorph	8.0	4.0	2.0	1.0	0.5

药剂Fungicide	剂量Dosage/（μg·mL^-1）
80%代森锰锌80% Mancozeb	200	100	50	10	5
68%精甲霜锰锌68% Metalaxyl-mancozeb	20.00	10.00	5.00	2.50	1.25
50%烯酰吗啉50% Dimethomorph	8.0	4.0	2.0	1.0	0.5

药剂Fungicide	毒力回归方程 Virulence regression equation	EC₅₀/（μg·mL^-1）	R²
80%代森锰锌80% Mancozeb	Y=0.644X+3.699	104.671	0.965 9
68%精甲霜锰锌68% Metalaxyl-mancozeb	Y=1.692X+3.481	7.899	0.967 6
50%烯酰吗啉50% Dimethomorph	Y=3.309X+4.019	1.979	0.998 6