区块链与现代农业产业链融合：优势、制约与对策

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2023.0706

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

区块链是支撑农业现代化发展的重要数字技术之一，为农业产业链转型升级创造了新契机。结合区块链的功能特征，深入分析区块链与现代农业产业链契合之处、发展优势与制约条件。现代农业产业链符合区块链应用场景特性，且现代农业产业链的发展需求和区块链的功能具有天然的耦合性，应用区块链技术能有效避免因信息不对称带来的农产品质量安全、智能生产、供应链金融以及产业链治理等多个现代农业产业链关键领域的信息风险问题。由于现代农业产业链本身具有一定的复杂性与不确定性，区块链技术与现代农业产业链融合也面临着技术研发、应用推广和融合模式带来的挑战。未来，要重点在区块链底层技术研发、区块链与现代农业产业链融合支撑体系研制及理论创新上多做努力，切实提升区块链与现代农业产业链的融合效能。

关键词: 区块链, 现代农业产业链, 融合

Abstract:

Blockchain is one of the important digital technologies supporting the development of agricultural modernization， creating new opportunities for the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural industry chain. Combining the functions and characteristics of blockchain， the internal mechanism， development advantages and constraints of the integration of blockchain and modern agricultural industry chain were deeply analyzed. The modern agricultural industry chain was in line with the characteristics of blockchain application scenarios， and the development needs of the modern agricultural industry chain and the functions of the blockchain were naturally coupled， and the application of blockchain technology could effectively avoid information risks in many key areas of the modern agricultural industry chain brought about by information asymmetry， such as agricultural product quality and safety， intelligent production， supply chain finance and industrial chain governance. However， due to the complexity and uncertainty of the modern agricultural industry chain itself， the integration of blockchain technology and the modern agricultural industry chain were also facing challenges brought by technology research and development， application promotion and integration mode. In the future， it was necessary to focus on the research and development of blockchain underlying technology， the development of blockchain and modern agricultural industry chain integration support system and theoretical innovation， and effectively improved the integration efficiency of blockchain and modern agricultural industry chain.

Key words: blockchain, modern agricultural industry chain, integration

中图分类号:

F323

梁晓贺, 周爱莲, 谢能付, 远铜. 区块链与现代农业产业链融合：优势、制约与对策[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(2): 1-12.

Xiaohe LIANG, Ailian ZHOU, Nengfu XIE, Tong YUAN. Integration of Blockchain and Agricultural Industry Chain：Advantages， Constraints and Countermeasures[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(2): 1-12.

图/表 2

参考文献 37

1	李艺,李霖.乡村产业振兴中政府元治理的作用机制研究——基于豫东A县的个案分析[J].地方治理研究,2022(3):54-65, 80.
	LI Y, LI L. Research on the mechanism of government’s meta-governance in the vitalization of rural industry: case analysis based on county A in eastern Henan province [J]. Loc. Govern. Res., 2022(3): 54-65, 80.
2	尚杰,陈玺名.全面推进乡村振兴背景下区块链与农业产业链融合[J].理论探讨,2022(1):159-164.
3	曾诗钦,霍如,黄韬,等.区块链技术研究综述:原理、进展与应用[J].通信学报,2020,41(1):134-151.
	ZENG S Q, HUO R, HUANG T, et al.. Survey of blockchain: principle, progress and application [J]. J. Commun., 2020, 41(1): 134-151.
4	刘云杰,刘睿,邓延利,等.区块链技术在国家水权交易系统中的应用[J].水利经济,2020,38(4):55-59,83-84.
	LIU Y J, LIU R, DENG Y L, et al.. Application of blockchain technology in National Water Right Transaction System of China [J]. J. Econ. Water Res., 2020, 38(4): 55-59,83-84.
5	李修华,罗潜,杨信廷,等.面向小麦区块链追溯系统的分级监管模型设计与实现[J].农业机械学报,2023,54(3):363-371.
	LI X H, LUO Q, YANG X T, et al.. Design and implementation of blockchain hierarchical supervision model for wheat supply chain [J]. Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Mach., 2023, 54(3): 363-371.
6	张益丰,刘纪荣.区块链嵌入“双H”型农产品供应链的架构设计及实现对策[J].中州学刊,2021(3):36-42.
	ZHANG Y F, LIU J R. The structure design and implementation suggestions of blockchain technology embedded in “Dual H” agricultural products supply chain [J]. Acad. J. Zhongzhou, 2021(3): 36-42.
7	谭砚文,李丛希,宋清.区块链技术在农产品供应链中的应用——理论机理、发展实践与政策启示[J].农业经济问题,2023(1):76-87.
	TAN Y W, LI C X, SONG Q. Application of blockchain technology in agricultural products supply chain: theoretical mechanism, development practice and policy enlightenment [J]. Issu. Agric. Econ., 2023(1): 76-87.
8	崔铁军,姚万焕.基于区块链技术的农产品供应链演化博弈研究[J].计算机应用研究,2021,38(12):3558-3563.
	CUI T J, YAO W H. Research on evolutionary game of agricultural products supply chain based on blockchain technology [J]. Appl. Res. Comput., 2021, 38(12): 3558-3563.
9	陈明阳.全球各大连锁超市纷加盟IBM Food Trust区块链平台以食品溯源[EB/OL].(2019-04-17)[2023-08-20]. .
10	袁勇,王飞跃.区块链技术发展现状与展望[J].自动化学报,2016,42(4):481-494.
	YUAN Y, WANG F Y. Blockchain: the state of the art and future trends [J]. Acta Automatic Sin., 2016, 42(4): 481-494.
11	周继儒,李军祥,何建佳,等.基于区块链的微网与大电网合作博弈研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2021,41(8):2090-2100.
	ZHOU J R, LI J X, HE J J, et al.. Cooperative game between microgrid and bulk power grid on blockchain [J]. Syst. Eng-Theory Pract., 2021, 41(8): 2090-2100.
12	王淦.大数据与人工智能对经济发展的促进作用研究——评《数字经济时代:大数据与人工智能驱动新经济发展》[J].中国科技论文,2022,17(8):956-957.
	WANG G. Research on the role of big data and artificial intelligence in promoting economic development-review of the era of digital economy: big data and artificial intelligence drive the development of new economy [J]. China Sciencepaper, 2022, 17(8): 956-957.
13	赵敏婷,陈丹.农业品牌数字化转型的实现路径[J].人民论坛,2021(36):76-78.
14	王冬梅,何明霞.区块链与人工智能在财经翻译中的应用:缘起、场景和路径[J].外语电化教学,2020(5):25-30, 4.
	WANG D M, HE M X. The application of blockchain and artificial intelligence in financial translation: origin, scenario and approaches [J]. Technol. Enhanc. For. Lang., 2020(5): 25-30, 4.
15	GERVAIS A, KARAME G O, GLYKANTZIS V, et al.. On the security and performance of proof of work Blockchains [C]//Proceedings of ACM Sigsac Conference on Computer and Communications Security. ACM, 2016: 3-16.
16	沈传年.区块链安全问题研究综述[J].计算机工程与科学,2024,46(1):46-62.
	SHEN C N. Review on security issues of blockchains [J].Comput. Eng. Sci.,2024,46(1):46-62.
17	华为区块链技术开发团队.区块链技术及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2019:21-36.
18	康字,盛静梅.乡村振兴视域下农产品流通溯源路径研究——基于区块链的视角[J].中国市场,2020(17):6-8.
19	刘如意,李金保,李旭东.区块链在农产品流通中的应用模式与实施[J].中国流通经济,2020,34(3):43-54.
	LIU R Y, LI J B, LI X D. Application mode and implementation of blockchain in circulation of agricultural products [J]. China Business Market, 2020, 34(3): 43-54.
20	胡晓晶,罗贤春.乡村振兴背景下惠农信息获取路径优化研究[J].农业图书情报学报,2022,34(12):65-76.
	HU X J, LUO X C. Optimization of the acquisition path of information about benefiting-farmers policies under the background of rural revitalization [J]. J. Library Inform. Sci. Agric., 2022, 34(12): 65-76.
21	龚斌磊,张启正.以提升农业全要素生产率助力农业强国建设的路径[J].经济纵横,2023(9):29-37.
	GONG B L, ZHANG Q Z. Building up China’s strength in agriculture by improving agricultural total factor productivity [J]. Econo. Rev. J., 2023(9): 29-37.
22	朱思柱,张萌.区块链技术在农业农村中的应用与对策研究[J].中国农机化学报,2021,42(7): 170-176.
	ZHU S Z, ZHANG M. Research on the application and countermeasures of blockchain technology in agriculture and rural areas [J]. J. Chin. Agricu. Mechan., 2021, 42(7):170-176.
23	曹浩浩,刘扬,李向阳, 等.基于多链融合的粮食供应链溯源系统[J].应用科学学报,2023,41(4):563-576.
	CAO H H, LIU Y, LI X X, et al.. Food supply chain traceability system based on multi-blockchain [J]. J. Appl. Sci., 2021, 42(7):170-176.
24	格隆汇. 众安在线(06060.HK)区块链养鸡已落地400余家养殖场[EB/OL].(2018-03-08)[2023-08-20]..
25	冯亚玲,汤维晋.区块链+农村金融:优势、应用与挑战[J].当代金融研究,2023,6(2):62-75.
	FENG Y L, TANG W J. Blockchain+rural finance: advantages, applications, and challenges [J]. J. Contemp. Fina. Res., 2023,6(2):62-75.
26	刘晶,朱炳旭,梁佳杭,等.基于主侧链合作的区块链访问控制策略[J].计算机工程,2022,48(3):10-16, 22.
	LIU J, ZHU B X, LIANG J H, et al.. Blockchain access control strategy based on mainchain and sidechain cooperation [J]. Comput. Eng., 2022, 48(3): 10-16, 22.
27	汪汇涓, 周爱莲, 梁晓贺, 等. 区块链技术在农产品溯源领域的应用研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36 (36): 158-164.
	WANG H J, ZHOU A L, LIANG X H, et al.. Application of blockchain technology in the field of agricultural products traceability [J]. Chin. Agric. Sci. Bull.,2020, 36 (36): 158-164.
28	邵娴.农业供应链金融模式创新——以马王堆蔬菜批发大市场为例[J].农业经济问题,2013,34(8):62-68, 111.
	SHAO X. Finance model innovation of agricultural supply chain: case of mawangdui vegetable wholesale market [J].Issu. Agric. Econ., 2013, 34(8): 62-68, 111.
29	农业农村部. 农业农村部信息中心关于推介2021数字农业农村新技术新产品新模式优秀案例的通报[EB/OL].(2021-06-08)[2023-08-20]. .
30	张晔. 从申请到发放仅需半天!全国首笔区块链土地经营权抵押贷款在江苏落地[EB/OL].(2021-02-02)[2023-08-20]. .
31	柴苗岭,邹弈星,谭荣志,等. 面向农业产业知识服务的科学数据与科技文献关联研究与实践[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2022, 34(3): 37-50.
	CHAI M L, ZOU Y X, TAN R Z, et al.. Research and practice on association of scientific data and scientific literature oriented to knowledge service of agricultural industry [J]. J. Library Inform. Sci. Agric, 2022, 34(3): 37-50.
32	付豪,赵翠萍,程传兴.区块链嵌入、约束打破与农业产业链治理[J].农业经济问题,2019(12):108-117.
	FU H, ZHAO C P, CHENG C X. Blockchain embedding,constraint breaking and agricultural industrial chain governance [J]. Issu. Agric. Econ., 2019(12): 108-117.
33	梁敏,罗宜元,刘凤梅.抗量子计算对称密码研究进展概述[J].密码学报,2021,8(6):925-947.
	LIANG M, LUO Y Y, LIU F M. A survey on quantum-secure symmetric cryptography [J]. J. Crypto. Res., 2021, 8(6): 925-947.
34	王筱轲,刘贵涛.智能合约漏洞与安全审计手段浅析[J].信息安全与通信保密,2020(10):114-122.
	WANG X K, LIU G T. Smart contract attacks and protects [J]. Inf. Secur. Commun. Priv., 2020(10):114-122.
35	林诗意, 张磊, 刘德胜. 基于区块链智能合约的应用研究综述[J]. 计算机应用研究, 2021, 38 (9): 2570-2581.
	LIN S Y, ZHANG L, LIU D S. Survey of application research based on blockchain-smart-contract [J]. Appl. Res. Comput., 2021, 38 (9): 2570-2581.
36	谢敏仪.区块链技术赋能智慧图书馆发展探析[J].图书馆理论与实践,2022(5):105-111.
	XIE M Y. Analysis on the development of smart library empowered by blockchain technology [J]. Library Theory Pract., 2022(5): 105-111.
37	赖迪辉,郑永辉,黄凌翔. 量化农业:我国乡村振兴战略的产业路径分析及其政策研究[J].资源开发与市场,2019,35(2):229-235.
	LAI D H, ZHENG Y H, HUANG L X. Quantifying agriculture: industrial path analysis and policy research of China’s rural revitalization strategy [J]. Resour. Dev. Market, 2019, 35(2): 229-235.

[1]	赵雅雯, 李绍稳. 农产品质量安全可信追溯体系构建与建议[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(1): 17-24.
[2]	张宏, 李卫国, 张晓东, 卢必慧, 张琤琤, 李伟, 马廷淮. 基于HJ-1星和GF-1号影像融合特征提取冬小麦种植面积[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(2): 109-119.
[3]	张晓卫, 陈波, 王月明, 李子剑, 张继红, 曹天一. 基于多角度数据融合的养殖场通道中奶牛身份识别算法研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(12): 98-106.
[4]	路泽群, 刘宁, 张红莲, 王苑, 黄火清. 毕赤酵母外源蛋白分泌及折叠途径的改良进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2024, 26(1): 18-27.
[5]	王靖会, 程娇娇, 刘洋, 常佳乐, 王朝辉 . 基于高光谱成像技术鉴别大米品种[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(9): 121-128.
[6]	梁晓贺, 周爱莲, 谢能付, 张毅, 吴赛赛. 区块链农业应用现状与技术热点[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(12): 84-93.
[7]	谢双1,肖革新2,张成梅3,王娅南4,张朝正5,陆洋6,孙晓红1,谭红1,7*. 卫生健康委多系统食品分类与编码融合机制研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(8): 123-131.
[8]	何德华,史中欣. 食品质量安全可追溯系统研究与应用综述[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2019, 21(4): 123-132.
[9]	吴思梦,刘冰*,蒋军喜,刘英,周珍. 生防链霉菌ML27和柑橘内生放线菌P3Y2原生质体融合研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2017, 19(3): 31-36.
[10]	鲜先毅1,2,江世杰1,2,崔广艳1,2,刘盈盈2,代其林1,陈明2,王劲2*. 耐辐射异常球菌K+吸收蛋白ktrA基因功能研究[J]. , 2014, 16(1): 76-81.
[11]	陈建中1,2,祝子坪2,吴潇2,何建华2,蒋玮2,王金斌2,唐雪明2*. 双亲灭活原生质体融合技术在草菇耐低温菌株选育上的应用[J]. , 2013, 15(5): 166-172.
[12]	聂春明1,2§,宁晓彦2§,张宇宏2,樊晓虎1,2,赵国芬1,张伟2. 应用融合标签技术提高乳糖酶在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达[J]. , 2012, 14(5): 71-77.
[13]	王国良,王勇. 不同虫生曲霉原生质体融合选育松墨天牛高毒力菌株[J]. , 2010, 12(2): 128-132.
[14]	于志晶韦正乙邢少辰蔡勤安. 基因工程根瘤菌表达融合蛋白GST-HAL1条件的优化及耐盐水平的提高[J]. , 2007, 9(6): 64-70.