Abstract: Taking Bupleurum chinense as experimental material, this paper used 6 different herbicides (Trifluralin, Butralin, Chucaotong, Quizalofop-P-ethyl, Haloxyfop-R-methyl, Fluazifop-P-butyl) to treat Bupleurum chinense seeds before sowing and after seedling emergence, respectively, and pure water was taken as the contrast. The contents of saikosaponin a and d, total saponins, alcohol soluble leaching and herbicide residues were measured at the optimum harvesting period. At the same time, the effects of different herbicides on the yield, quality and pesticide residues in medicinal materials of Bupleurum chinense were analyzed. The results showed that the yields of Bupleurum were significantly improved by different herbicides, except Chucaotong. Among them, Trifluralin treatment got the highest yield with 1 387.5 kg/hm2, 65.09% higher than that of the contrast, followed by haloxyfop-R-methyl with 1 240.65 kg/hm2, 47.6% higher than that of the contrast. The changing trend of saikosaponin a and d contents were basically consistent, and the saikosaponin (a+d) content of all treatments was over 0.3%. The highest saikosaponin a and d contents were gained by Quizalofop-P-ethyl treatment. The total content of saikosaponins treated by herbicides was lower than that of the contrast, but all above 6% without significant difference. Herbicide residues were not detected in the 6 treatments. Combined with all these indexes, the results of subordination function method for the effects of different treatments were as following: Trifluralin > Fluazifop-P-butyl > water > Haloxyfop-R-methyl > Chucaotong > Butralin. Therefore, Trifluralin could be used before Bupleurum chinense sowing, and Quizalofop-P-ethyl be used after Bupleurum chinense seedling as better herbicide types.

Key words: Bupleurum chinense, herbicide, qualites, yield, herbicides residues

摘要： 以中药材柴胡为试验材料，于柴胡种子播种前和出苗后分别以6种不同除草剂（氟乐灵、地乐胺、除草通、精喹禾灵、高效盖草能 、精稳杀得）进行处理，以清水为对照，适采期采收后测定柴胡产量、皂苷a和皂苷d含量、总皂苷、醇溶性浸出物含量及农药残留，分析不同除草剂对柴胡产量及质量的影响。结果表明：除除草通外，其他除草剂处理柴胡产量均有显著提高，其中氟乐灵处理的柴胡产量最高，为1 387.5 kg/hm2，比清水对照组（840.60 kg/ hm2）提高65.09%，其次是高效盖草能（1 240.65 kg/hm2），较对照提高47.6%；柴胡皂苷a和皂苷d含量的变化趋势基本一致，且所有处理的柴胡皂苷（a+d）的含量均超过0.3%，精喹禾灵处理的柴胡皂苷a和皂苷d含量最高；除草剂处理柴胡总皂苷均低于清水对照，但都在6%以上且差异不显著；农药残留检测结果均为未检出；结合各项指标利用隶属函数分析法进行综合评价，结果为：氟乐灵＞精喹禾灵＞清水＞精稳杀得＞高效盖草能＞除草通＞地乐胺。因此，可选用氟乐灵为柴胡播前、精喹禾灵为苗后用除草剂类型。

关键词: 柴胡, 除草剂, 质量, 产量, 除草剂残留