Abstract: N₂O is one of the main greenhouse gases affecting global climate change, and also plays a catalytic role in the depletion of the ozone layer. Farmland soil is the second largest source of greenhouse gas emissions, and how to reduce its N₂O emissions has become a major subject. Biochar is a high specific surface area and porous material formed by pyrolysis of carbon-rich biomass under anoxic conditions. Biochar has many advantages such as improving soil fertility and promoting crop growth, and has become a current research subject. Its effect mechanisms on farmland N₂O emissions have been studied, but no unified conclusion has been formed. This paper reviewed the N2O emission mechanism and the effects of biochar characteristics, the interaction of biochar and environmental factors on farmland N₂O emissions based on previous studies, and future more gave some research priority recommendations and utilization of biochar on greenhouse gas emissions.

Key words: biochar, N₂O emission, mechanism, soil

摘要： N₂O是影响全球气候变化的主要温室气体之一，对臭氧层的消耗起着催化作用。农田土壤作为温室气体第二大排放源，如何降低其N₂O的排放已成为不断探索的重大课题。生物炭是在缺氧条件下由含碳量丰富的生物质热解而成的一种高比表面积、多孔性材料，具有提高土壤肥力，促进作物生长等诸多优点，已成为研究热点。对农田N2O排放的影响以及作用机制已有较多研究，但尚未形成统一定论。综述了N₂O排放机制，以及生物炭特性、生物炭与环境因子的相互作用对农田N₂O排放的影响，并对未来生物炭对温室气体排放的影响研究提出方向性建议。

关键词: 生物炭, N₂O排放, 机制, 土壤