Effects of Fenlong Tillage on Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Sweet Sorghum

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.0679

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of Fenlong tillage on photosynthetic physiological characteristics and yield of sweet sorghum， 4 tillage methods， including conventional tillage （CK）?， Fenlong tillage to 30 （FL30） and 50 （FL50） cm depth， deep tilling to 40 cm depth （DT40）， were set up in Helan Mountain farm， Yinchuan City， Ningxia Province， with ‘BJ0603’ as material. Agronomic traits， yield and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of sweet sorghum were measured and analyzed. The results showed that， compared with CK and DT40 treatments， the number of stem nodes， dry matter content， sugar content and grain yield of sweet sorghum significantly increased by Fenlong tillage （FL30 and FL50）. The correlation analysis showed that the biological yield and grain yield were positively correlated with plant height， stem node number， dry matter content and sugar content. The photosynthetic physiological indexes of sweet sorghum cultivated with Fenlong tillage （FL30， FL50） were better than CK treatment during the whole growth stage， and better than DT40 treatment at flowering and maturity stages. Principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive values of FL50， FL30， DT40 and CK treatments were 0.20， 0.11， -0.03 and -0.14， respectively， which indicated Fenlong tillage was helpful to improve the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of sweet sorghum.

Key words: Fenlong tillage, sweet sorghum, photosynthetic characteristics, physiological characteristics, yield

摘要：

为研究粉垄耕作对甜高粱光合生理特性及产量的影响，在宁夏银川市贺兰山农牧场，以BJ0603为供试品种，设置传统耕作（CK）、粉垄30 cm（FL30）、粉垄50 cm（FL50）和深翻40 cm（DT40）4种耕作方式，测定甜高粱农艺性状、产量及叶片光合生理指标。结果表明，相比CK和DT40处理，粉垄耕作（FL30和FL50）能显著提高甜高粱的茎节数、干物质量、糖含量和籽粒产量；相关分析表明，生物产量和籽粒产量均与株高、茎节数、干物质量、糖含量呈极显著正相关。粉垄耕作（FL30、FL50）下，甜高粱整个生育期各项光合生理指标都优于CK；在开花期和成熟期优于DT40处理。主成分分析显示，FL50、FL30、DT40、CK处理的综合值分别为0.20、0.11、-0.03、-0.14。由此表明，粉垄耕作有助于提高甜高粱的光合生理特性，为干旱、半干旱地区粉垄耕作技术的推广提供了理论依据。

关键词: 粉垄耕作, 甜高粱, 光合特性, 生理特性, 产量

CLC Number:

S341.1

Zhidan WANG, Jili LIU, Na WU. Effects of Fenlong Tillage on Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Sweet Sorghum[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(1): 148-156.

王志丹, 刘吉利, 吴娜. 粉垄耕作对甜高粱光合生理特性及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(1): 148-156.

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1 Agronomic traits of sweet sorghum under different tillage modes

处理 Treatment	株高 Plant height/m	茎粗 Stem stick/cm	茎节数 Node number	干物质量 Dry matter content/（t·hm^-2）	糖含量 Sugar content/（t·hm^-2）
CK	2.25±0.04 b	2.32±0.48.b	12.5±1.2 c	16.02±0.23 c	5.07±0.09 c
FL30	3.28±0.07 a	2.15±0.37 c	14.8±1.6 a	18.32±0.71 b	7.52±0.11 a
FL50	3.37±0.05 a	2.39±0.29 a	15.6±1.9 a	21.63±0.15 a	7.92±0.21 a
DT40	3.33±0.06 a	2.17±0.41 c	13.9±1.4 b	19.35±0.31 b	6.47±0.19 b

Fig.1 Yield of sweet sorghum under different tillage modesNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.

Table 2 Correlation analysis of agronomic characters and yield of sweet sorghum

	株高 Plant height	茎粗 Stem stick	茎节数 Node number	干物质含量 Dry matter content	糖含量 Sugar content	籽粒产量 Grain yield
茎粗Stem stick	-0.357
茎节数Node number	0.866^**	-0.002
干物质含量Dry matter content	0.848^**	0.182	0.884^**
糖含量Sugar content	0.498^**	0.000	0.939^**	0.830^**
籽粒产量Grain yield	0.812^**	0.063	0.992^**	0.862^**	0.942^**
生物产量Biological yield	0.946^**	-0.212	0.755^**	0.839^**	0.691^**	0.691^**

Fig.2 Photosynthetic parameters of sweet sorghum under different tillage modesNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig.3 Leaf water use efficiency （WUEL） of sweet sorghum under different tillage modesNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig.4 Activity of POD and SOD in leaf of sweet sorghum under different tillage modesNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig.5 MDA content in sweet sorghum under different tillage modesNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.

Fig.6 Content of proline and soluble protein in leaf of sweet sorghum under different tillage modesNote： Different small letters indicate significant difference between treatments at P<0.05 level.

Table 3 Principal component analysis of photosynthetic physiological index of sweet sorghum

主成分 Principal component	特征值 Eigen value	方差贡献率 Variance contribution rate/%	累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/%
1	8.30	83.02	83.02
2	1.26	12.61	95.64

Fig.7 Principal component analysis among photosynthetic physiological indexes of sweet sorghum

Table 4 Principal component value and comprehensive ranking of sweet sorghum under each treatment

处理Treatment	PC1	PC2	综合值Comprehensive value	排名Ranking
CK	0.06	-1.09	-0.14	4
FL30	0.62	0.61	0.11	2
FL50	0.75	1.24	0.20	1
DT40	-1.43	0.35	-0.03	3

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